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X. Complete the sentences using the appropriate words listed below:

call, carbon, communication, connections, electro-magnet, magnetize, mouthpiece, on, transmit, vibrated

1. The telegraph and the telephone are means of _____.

2. When we want to speak to someone far away we make a telephone _____.

3. He called his friend ____ the telephone.

4. The diaphragm ____ when sound waves reached it.

5. Electric current through a coil of wire around a piece of iron will __ the iron.

6. The microphone in Bell’s telephone was not strong enough to _____ sound very far.

7. We speak into the _____ of the telephone.

8. Electricity flows more easily when the _____ granules and pushed together.

9. The receiver of a telephone contains an ____ and a diaphragm.

10. Nowadays _____ between callers are usually made automatically at telephone exchanges.

XI. Here are the answers; work out the questions:

1. in 1875

2. when you speak

3. depends on the number of words

4. we call the mouthpiece

5. in the early days of the telephone

6. an electro-magnet and a diaphragm

7. behind the diaphragm

XII. Arrange the words in the proper order to make sentences:

1. his/ told/ invention/ the students/ The scientist/ about

2. 24/ The exchange/ a/ operates/ day/ hours

3. of/ has/ electronics/ expanded/ The use/ communication/ of/ the field

4. its/ the circuit/ current/ flow/ Alternating/ through/ direction/ changes/ of

5. the air/ they/ of/ waves/ travel/ sound/ shown/ through/ has/ The study/ that

Writing

XIII. Write a short article about Alexander Graham Bell and his invention (about 90-100 words) using the following plan:

Introduction

Para 1: name – what he is famous for

Main body

Para 2: his biography

Para 3: his invention

Conclusion

Para 4: the importance of his invention

XIV. Write a paragraph about the mobile phone you have or the one you would like to have (100-120 words). The following key phrases can be useful:

devices enable communication; the term «cellular»; coverage area; the capability of mobile phones; analogue technology; the speed of transmission; smart phones; contains the user’s information; multimedia transmissions are becoming common

Appendix a List of irregular verbs

Infinitive

Past Simple

Participle II

Participle I

arise

arose

arisen

arising

be

was/were

been

being

become

became

become

becoming

begin

began

begun

beginning

bend

bent

bent

bending

blow

blew

blown

blowing

break

broke

broken

breaking

breed

bred

bred

breeding

bring

brought

brought

bringing

build

built

built

building

burn

burnt/burned

burnt/burned

burning

burst

burst

burst

bursting

buy

bought

bought

buying

catch

caught

caught

catching

choose

chose

chosen

coosing

come

came

come

coming

cost

cost

cost

costing

cut

cut

cut

cutting

deal

dealt

dealt

dealing

do

did

done

doing

draw

drew

drawn

drawing

drive

drove

driven

driving

fall

fell

fallen

falling

feed

fed

fed

feeding

feel

felt

felt

feeling

fight

fought

fought

fighting

find

found

found

finding

forbid

forbade/forbad

forbidden

forbidding

foresee

foresaw

foreseen

foreseeing

forget

forgot

forgotten

foregetting

forgive

forgave

forgiven

forgiving

freeze

froze

frozen

freezing

get

got

got/gotten

getting

give

gave

given

giving

go

went

gone/been

going

grow

grew

grown

growing

hang

hung/hanged

hung/hanged

hanging

have

had

had

having

hear

heard

heard

hearing

hide

hid

hidden

hiding

hit

hit

hit

hitting

hold

held

held

holding

hurt

hurt

hurt

hurting

keep

kept

kept

keeping

know

knew

known

knowing

lay

laid

laid

laying

lead

led

led

leading

learn

learnt/learned

learnt/learned

learning

leave

left

left

leaving

let

let

let

letting

light

lit

lit

lighting

lose

lost

lost

losing

make

made

made

making

mean

meant

meant

meaning

meet

met

met

meeting

melt

melted

molten/melted

melting

misunderstand

misunderstood

misunderstood

misunderstanding

offset

offset

offset

offsetting

output

output/outputted

output/outputted

outputting

overcome

overcame

overcome

overcoming

overlay

overlaid

overlaid

overlaying

pay

paid

paid

paying

put

put

put

putting

read

read

read

reading

rebuild

rebuilt

rebuilt

rebuilding

ride

rode

ridden

riding

rise

rose

risen

rising

run

ran

run

running

say

said

said

saying

see

saw

seen

seeing

seek

sought

sought

seeking

sell

sold

sold

selling

send

sent

sent

sending

set

set

set

setting

shake

shook

shaken

shaking

shoot

shot

shot

shooting

show

showed

shown

showing

shut

shut

shut

shutting

sit

sat

sat

sitting

speak

spoke

spoken

speaking

speed

sped/speeded

sped/speeded

speeding

spend

spent

spent

spending

spin

span/spun

spun

spinning

split

split

split

splitting

spoil

spoilt/spoiled

spoilt/spoiled

spoiling

stand

stood

stood

standing

stick

stuck

stuck

sticking

strip

stript/stripped

stript/stripped

stripping

sweep

swept/sweeped

swept/sweeped

sweeping

take

took

taken

taking

teach

taught

taught

teaching

tell

told

told

telling

think

thought

thought

thinking

throw

threw

thrown

throwing

understand

understood

understood

understanding

undertake

undertook

undertaken

undertaking

wear

wore

worn

wearing

win

won

won

winning

wind

wound

wound

winding

withdraw

withdrew

withdrawn

withdrawing

work

worked/wrought

worked/wrought

working

write

wrote

written

writing

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