V. Translate into English paying attention to the ar­ticles:

1. Будь ласка, перекажіть вашій дружині, що я дякую за подарунок. 2. Дуже люб'язно з вашого боку. 3. По­бачимось у п'ятницю. Всього найкращого. 4. Я спо­діваюся, що колись зможу зробити те саме для вас. 5. Як справи? — Добре. 6. Дякую за виявлену Вами увагу. — Нема за що. 7. Що я можу зробити для Вас? — Нічого. Не турбуйтесь. 8. Дружба ґрунтується на вза­ємних довір'ї та повазі. 9. Коли англієць зустрічає на вулиці товариша, він лише доторкується до капелюха. 10. Дуже приємно познайомитися з вашим найкращим другом. 11. Як правило, жінок не представляють чоло­вікові, якщо він не глава держави або не член коро­лівської сім'ї.

Communicative situations

1. You run into an old friend and have a talk with him (her) about common friends.

2. You introduce your new boy-friend to your sister.

3. You meet your pen-friend you have never seen; you introduce yourself.

Lesson 2

We study english exercises

1. Read and memorize the following words:

language ['laeggwicfe] мова

e.g. My native language is Ukrainian.

study I'stAdi] вивчати

e.g. We study English at school.

vocabulary [va'kaebjulari] лексика e.g. No dictionary could list the total vocabulary of a language.

read [ri:d] читати e.g. Can you read this text? write [rait] писати e.g. Can you write these words? peculiarity [pi.kjuli'aeriti] особливість e.g. Every language has its own peculiarities, accent ['asksant] акцент, вимова e.g. He speaks French with a foreign accent, scientific [,saran'tifik] науковий e.g. They use scientific approach in their research, knowledge ['поііф] знання e.g. My knowledge of German is poor. V) interpret [in't3:prit] перекладати (усно) J^j e.g. Can you interpret Mr. Brown's words?

translate [traens'leit] перекладати (письмово) e.g. I have already translated this text. Л¹ - word [wa:d] слово

e.g. How many English words do you know?

meaning ['mi:nir)] значення

e.g. What is the meaning of this word?

II. Learn the following phrases:

(to) have a good command of... добре володіти (to) try to do one's best намагатися робити все

(To) be of great importance

as quick as possible (to) learn by heart mother tongue

I beg your pardon ... I do not understand you. Say it again, please.

можливе

мати важливе значен­ня

Please, speak slowly.

якомога швидше вчити напам'ять рідна мова Вибачте ... Я вас не розумію. Скажіть це ще раз, будь ласка. Говоріть, будь ласка, повільно

.III. Make up sentences:

English

is

a foreign language to me. spoken in many countries, a truly international language, my favourite subject, the mother tongue of nearly three hun­dred million people.

4. Fill in the blanks with the necessary words in brackets:

1. Please ... the last word, (say, understand, repeat)

2. I can read English but I cannot ... it. (say, tell, speak)

3. I know grammar well, but my ... is poor, (language, pronunciation, meaning)

4. Make up questions and let your fellow-students answer them:

study a foreign language? Do you speak English?

have English lessons every day?

Are I your lessons interesting?

I you sometimes tired after lessons?

do you study foreign languages? Why can't you speak English well?

do you learn grammar?

4. Complete the following sentences:

1. Is there anybody who speaks ... ? 2. What is the ... for ...? 3. The ... for ... is ... . 4. If you want to speak well you ... . 5. The word combination "mother tongue" means ... . 6. English is spoken in ... .

4. Translate into English:

1. Англійська мова — мій улюблений предмет. 2. Ба­гато людей розмовляють англійською мовою. 3. Англій­ською мовою розмовляють у Великобританії, СІЛА, Ка­наді. 4. Чи ви розмовляєте англійською мовою? 5. Ан­глійська мова є міжнародною. 6. Багато англійських слів мають кілька значень

.

4. Give synonyms to the words in bold type:

1. What English-speaking countries do you know? 2. What is his mother tongue? 3. To know a foreign lan­guage is very important nowadays. 4. He knows French very well. 5. Can you translate this sentence?

4. Read and dramatize the following dialogues:

A: I am studying English now. B: Are you really? They say it's very difficult. A: I don't think English is easy. B: Why do you think so?

A\ Because I have to work hard learning a lot by heart.

» * *

A: I am going to be an engineer. B: Why?

>1: For a number of reasons. B: What reasons?

A: The main one is I like engineering .

A: What do you think the best sort of job is?

B: To be a designer.

A: As for me I like engineering.

B: To my mind, the best one is the job you like the most.

* * *

A: So you've passed your exams.

B: It wasn't very difficult.

A: It's because you worked hard, I think.

B: Well, I was all right in History, but I didn't do so well

in Literature. A: And what about your English?

B- Not so good, only so-so.

♦ * *

A\ What does that sign say? B: Can't you read English?

A: Why would I ask if I could?

B: Shall I read it to you?

A: That's what I want you to do.

* ♦ *

A: I don't think you work hard enough at your English.

B: Well, I do, I work very hard, but please try to under­stand it's very difficult for me.

A: Oh, is it? How long does it take you to do your home work?

B: A long time, two or three hours, and sometimes even four.

* * *

A: Mrs. Jones, I'd like to introduce you our Ukrainian friend Mr. Kononenko.

B: How do you do?

C: How do you do?

B: You've come to study English, haven't you? Do you find it difficult?

C: Well, I do. It's quite different from what we read in the textbooks. I understand the radio and TV all right, but I don't always understand people in the street.

B: Yes, that's difficult at first. And how do you find life in England?

C: Very interesting. I like it on the whole, although there are some things I find rather strange.

B: Don't worry. You'll soon get used to it.

♦ * ♦

A: What do you think about Esperanto?

B: I don't believe it will ever become a world language.

A: Why? Lots of people are learning it.

B: Not compared with those who are learning "real" lan­guages. It's too artificial.

A: You've got a point there. But it's much easier to learn than other languages.

B\ That's certainly an advantage, of course, but there's no incentive to learn it as long as so few people speak it. You can't use it at international conference, for example.

A: I think it should be taught at schools.

B: Do you really? To my mind there are quite enough

subjects on the school curriculum already.

• * *

A: I'd like to have a good Ukrainian-English dictionary on science and technology. I have to translate an article from Ukrainian into English. B: Sorry, but we haven't any.

A: It's a pity! I must have this article translated as quick as possible.

B: I can recommend a general Russian-English dictionary.

At least it may be of some help. A: Yes, I'll take it, of course. It's a pity that you have not a specialized dictionary.