Verbs and verbal phrases

to deliver поставлять

to determine определять

to ensure обеспечивать, гарантировать

to identify идентифицировать, распознавать; to integrate объединять

to interrelate взаимодействовать

to maintain обслуживать

to seek стараться, прилагать усилия

to specify устанавливать, гарантировать

Adjective

acceptable подходящий

frequent частый, обычный

reasonable приемлемый

residential жилой

thermal тепловой

Adverbs

сonstantly постоянно

сorrectly верно, правильно

directly непосредственно

normally обычно

occasionally периодически

3. Match English and Russian equivalents.

1. marine environments	A. механика жидкости
2. plumbing system	B. высокая эффективность
3. fluid mechanics	C. морская среда
4. heat transfer	D. обеспечить температурный комфорт
5. high efficiency	E. коммунальные услуги
6. to provide thermal comfort	F. вводить в эксплуатацию
7. contractor	G. системное проектирование
8. building service	H. инженер–эксплуатационник
9. prepare estimates	I. внутридомовая система водоснабжения
10. system design	J. подрядчик
11. service engineer	K. составлять сметы
12. to commission	L. теплообмен

4. Match the terms and their definitions.

1. ventilate	A. something used, accepted, or officially fixed as a measure of quality, purity, weight
2. air–conditioning	B. the amount of water vapour contained in the air
3. humidity	C. to allow fresh air to enter a room, building
4. standard	D. the system that uses one or more machines to keep air in a building or room cool
5. thermodynamics	E. to set an apparatus up, ready for use
6. to install	F. science of the relations between heat and mechanical work

Reading Practice

5. Read the text thoroughly and translate it in written form. Text a. Hvac Systems

HVAC (pronounced either "H–V–A–C" or, occasionally, "H–vak") is an initialism or acronym that stands for "heating, ventilating, and air conditioning". HVAC refers to as climate control. It is particularly important in the design of medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers and in marine environments such as aquariums. Their safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to temperature and humidity, using fresh air from outdoors.

HVAC system design is a major subdiscipline of mechanical engineering. HVAC is based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer and on inventions and discoveries made by Michael Faraday, Willis Carrier, Reuben Trane, James Joule, William Rankine, Sadi Carnot, and many others. The invention of the components of HVAC systems goes hand–in–hand with the Industrial Revolution, and new methods of modernization, higher efficiency, and system control are constantly introduced by companies and inventors all over the world.

The three functions of heating, ventilating, and air–conditioning are closely interrelated. All seek to provide thermal comfort, acceptable indoor air quality, and reasonable installation, operation, and maintenance costs. HVAC systems can provide ventilation, reduce air infiltration, and maintain pressure relationships between spaces.

In modern buildings the design, installation, and control systems of these functions are integrated into one or more HVAC systems. For very small buildings, contractors normally "size" and select HVAC systems and equipment. For larger buildings where required by law, "building services" designers and engineers analyze, design, and specify the HVAC systems. Mechanical contractors build and commission them. In all buildings inspections of the installations are the norm.

The HVAC industry is a worldwide enterprise, with career opportunities including operation and maintenance, system design and construction, equipment manufacturing and sales, and in education and research.

HVAC engineers can design systems for residential, industrial, institutional and commercial buildings, including schools, office buildings and health care facilities. HVAC Engineers may meet directly with clients, work with engineering colleagues like management, installers and repair technicians, design new systems and prepare estimates.

When working in this career area, individuals must have a thorough understanding of how these types of systems function. Heating systems can be powered either by gas or electricity, and HVAC engineers have to identify and determine the effectiveness of different system options. They also need to be able to select the optimum HVAC system to go into particular homes or businesses depending on its energy–efficiency level.

This business area also involves frequent testing to ensure that products are up to par with organizational standards. HVAC engineers often have to figure out why a particular component in a system failed to operate correctly and test manufactured HVAC products to make sure that they remain high in quality for customers. Engineers usually must determine the costs of fixing HVAC system failures and the hours of work involved in these activities.

HVAC engineers can work for consulting or design firms, government agencies, facilities, offices or HVAC equipment sales offices.

Notes:

mechanical contractors – технические подрядные организации

health care facilities – учреждения здравоохранения

par – норма, стандарт

medium – среда, окружающие условия

Comprehension Check