- •Предисловие
- •Unit I hvac systems. Heating Active Vocabulary
- •1. Read the following international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •4. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •5. Read the text thoroughly and translate it in written form. Text a. Hvac Systems
- •6. Decide which statements are true and which ones are false.
- •7. Complete the following sentences by adding the phrases given in part b.
- •8. Answer the questions on the text.
- •9. Translate the following pairs of derivatives.
- •10. Transform as in the models.
- •11. Choose the right word or word–combination.
- •12. Insert the appropriate words.
- •13. Fill in the words listed below.
- •15. Find key words and phrases which best express the general meaning of each part.
- •16. Make a short summary of the text. Do it according to the following plan.
- •17. Read the following text and answer the questions below. Text b. Heating. Historical Development
- •18. Read the following text and speak on the main energy sources for heating systems. Render the text in Russian. Text c. Energy Sources for Heating Systems.
- •19. Read the text and name the main types of the heating value(s) of a substance. Text d. Heating Value
- •20. Read the text a and make notes under the following headings. Then use your notes and the illustrations to talk on the topics
- •Unit II heating systems
- •1. Read the following international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress.
- •2. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •4. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •5. Read the text thoroughly and translate it in written form. Text a. Central Heating Systems. Principles and Design.
- •6. Decide which statements are true and which ones are false.
- •7. Complete the following sentences by adding the phrases given in part b.
- •8. Answer the questions on the text.
- •9. Translate the following pairs of derivatives.
- •10. Transform as in the models.
- •11. Choose the right word or word–combination.
- •12. Insert the appropriate words.
- •14. Find key words and phrases which best express the general meaning of each part.
- •15. Make a short summary of the text. Do it according to the following plan.
- •16. Read the following text and answer the questions below. Text b. Warm–air Heating Systems. Part I.
- •Hydronic Systems. Part II.
- •18. Read the text and speak on the main types of emitters. Text d. Types of Emitters.
- •19. Read the texts a and b. Make notes under the following headings. Then use your notes and the illustrations to talk on the topics.
- •Unit III air coditioning and ventilating
- •1. Read the following international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •4. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •5. Read the text thoroughly and translate it in written form. Text a. Air Conditioning
- •6. Decide which statements are true and which ones are false.
- •7. Complete the following sentences by adding the phrases given in part b.
- •8. Answer the questions on the text.
- •9. Memorize the following pairs of derivatives, paying attention to the meaning of the prefixes.
- •10. Transform as in the models.
- •11. Choose the right word or word–combination.
- •12. Insert the appropriate words.
- •13. Fill in the words listed below.
- •15. Find key words and phrases which best express the general meaning of each part.
- •16. Make a short summary of the text. Do it according to the following plan.
- •17. Read the following text and answer the questions below. Text b. Ventilation
- •18. Read the following text and speak on the types of air–сonditioning systems. Render the text in Russian. Text c. Air Conditioning Systems
- •19. Scan the following text and speak on what the main ventilation systems provide. Render this text in Russian. Text d. Whole – house Ventilation System Designs.
- •20. Read the texts a and b. Make notes under the following headings. Then use your notes and the illustrations to talk on the topics.
- •Unit IV hvac equipment
- •1. Read the following international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress.
- •2. Read and memorize the active vocabulary
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •4. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •5. Read the text thoroughly and translate it in written form. Text a. Boiler
- •6. Decide which statements are true and which ones are false.
- •7. Complete the following sentences by adding the phrases given in part b.
- •8. Answer the questions on the text.
- •9. Translate the following pairs of derivatives.
- •10. Transform as in the models.
- •11. Choose the right word or word–combination.
- •12. Insert the appropriate words.
- •13. Fill in the words listed below.
- •15. Find key words and phrases which best express the general meaning of each part.
- •16. Make a short summary of the text. Do it according to the following plan.
- •17. Read the following text and answer the questions below. Text b. Split Air Conditioning
- •18. Read the following text and speak on heat pump and where it is used. Render the text in Russian. Text c. Heat Pump
- •19. Skim over the following text and name the main types of radiators. Text d. Radiators
- •20. Read the texts a and b and make notes under the following headings. Then use your notes and the illustrations to talk on the topics
- •Unit I hvac systems. Heating
- •Heating
- •Heat as a Form of Energy
- •Heat Transfer
- •Alternative Heating
- •Passive Solar Heating
- •Unit II heating systems
- •Heating Systems
- •Warm–Air Systems
- •Steam Heating Systems
- •Electric Floor Heating Systems
- •Selection of a Home Heating System.
- •Unit III air coditioning and ventilating
- •Cooling Systems
- •Ventilation
- •Air Conditioning
- •Future Needs for Air Conditioning.
- •Exhaust ventilation systems
- •Heat–Recovery Ventilator
- •Unit IV hvac equipment
- •Types of Boilers
- •Heat Pump
- •Geothermal Heat Pump
- •Types of Water Heaters
- •Types of Electric Heaters.
- •Refrigeration Air Conditioning Equipment
- •Portable Air Conditioners
- •Oil and Gas Burners
- •Dehumidifier
- •Topical vocabulary unit I hvac Systems. Heating
- •Unit іі Heating Systems
- •Unit ііі Air Conditioning and Ventilating
- •Unit іv hvac Equipment
15. Find key words and phrases which best express the general meaning of each part.
16. Make a short summary of the text. Do it according to the following plan.
1. The title of the text is …
2. The text is devoted to …
3. The main idea of the text is …
4. It consists of …
5. The first part is about …
6. The second (third, fourth, etc.) part deals with …
7. The conclusion is that …
17. Read the following text and answer the questions below. Text b. Ventilation
Ventilation is natural or mechanically induced movement of fresh air into or through an enclosed space. Ventilation reduces indoor moisture, odors, and other pollutants. Contaminants such as formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and radon that may cause health problems can accumulate in poorly ventilated homes. Inadequate ventilation allows unpleasant odors to linger. Excess moisture generated within the home needs to be removed before high humidity levels lead to physical damage to the home or mold growth.
Natural ventilation is uncontrolled air movement into a building through cracks and small holes (infiltration) and through vents such as windows and doors. Natural ventilation is the traditional method of allowing fresh outdoor air to replace indoor air. Nowadays, because of central heating and cooling, as well as the desire for privacy, people tend to make little use of widows for ventilation, so infiltration has become the principal mode of natural ventilation in homes. Unfortunately, a home’s natural infiltration rate is unpredictable and uncontrollable because it depends on the home’s airtightness, outdoor temperatures, wind, and other factors. During mild weather, some homes may lack sufficient ventilation for pollutant removal. Tightly built homes may have insufficient ventilation at most times. Homes with high infiltration rates may experience high energy costs.
Whole–house ventilation is the use of one or more fans and duct systems to exhaust stale air and/or supply fresh air to the house. Whole–house ventilation can better control the exchange of indoor air with outdoor air. Energy experts often quote the axiom, “seal tight, ventilation right” as their recommended approach to house ventilation. This axiom implies that houses should be tightly sealed to reduce infiltration, and a whole–house ventilation system installed to provide fresh air and remove pollutants when and where needed, in a controlled manner that does not negatively impact indoor air quality, building components, or heating and cooling bills.
Spot ventilation is the use of localized exhaust fans (e.g., kitchen range and bath fans) to quickly remove pollutants at their source. It is an important tool to improve air quality whether natural or whole–house ventilation strategies are used. Spot ventilation improves the effectiveness of ventilation systems by removing pollutants at their source as they are generated and should be integral part of any whole–house ventilation design.
Notes:
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) – летучие органические соединения
vent – вентиляционный канал; вентиляционная труба; вентиляционный проём
airtightness – воздухонепроницаемость, герметичность
exhaust fans – вытяжные вентиляторы
ventilation strategy – стратегия; концепция; принцип вентиляции
1. What is the purpose of ventilation?
2. What is natural ventilation?
3. Why is home’s natural infiltration rate unpredictable and uncontrollable?
4. Why do homes with high infiltration rates experience high energy costs?
5. What can whole–house ventilation better control?
6. What does axiom “seal tight, ventilation right” mean?
7. Where is spot ventilation used?