Themes for home preparation

Structure of atom. Valences and oxidation states. Occurring in nature, obtaining, physical and chemical properties.

Nitrides of metals, their obtaining. Types of nitrides. Dependence of properties of nitrides on a nature of a chemical bond.

Ammonia, its obtaining, structure of molecule, physical properties. Basic and reducing properties. Reactions of replacement of hydrogen atoms on atoms of metals and halogens. Salts of ammonia.

Hydrazine, hydroxylamine. Obtaining, structure of molecules, physical properties. Basic and oxidation-reduction properties.

Azoimide. Obtaining, structure of a molecule, properties. Azides.

Questions and tasks

1. What electronic configuration has the atom of nitrogen? How are the electrons on molecular orbitals of nitrogen molecule distributed? Has it paramagnetic properties? Why does the molecule of nitrogen have low reactivity?

2. How is nitrogen received in industry and in laboratories? Give the equations of the relevant reactions. Where is nitrogen used?

3. What chemical properties does nitrogen gas have? What metals and non-metals does it react? Give the equations of the relevant reactions.

4. What structure has the molecule of ammonia? How is the structure of ammonia molecule connected with properties of ammonia? Why is this substance dissolved well in water, why does it react with acids?

5. What chemical properties does ammonia have? Does it participate in reactions of oxidation-reduction, does it take part in the reactions of complex formation? Give examples.

6. What equilibrium takes place in water solution of ammonia?

7. How will the рH of 1M ammonia solution change, if this solution is diluted with water twice?

8. How do ammonia salts behave when heating? What does the mechanism of their thermal decomposition depends on? Give examples of chemical reactions.

9. How is hydrazine received? What structure has its molecule?

10. Compare and explain the difference of chemical properties of ammonia and hydrazine. Give the relevant equations of reactions.

11. With what reactions is hydroxylamine received?

12. Compare and explain difference in basic and reducing properties of ammonia and hydroxylamine. Give the relevant equations of the reactions.

13. How is azoimide received? What chemical properties does this acid have?

Make up the equations o f the reactionss

Mg + N₂ =

Mg₃N₂ + H₂O =

N₂ + H₂ =

NH₄Cl + NaOH =

NH₃ + H₂O =

NH₄Cl

(NH₄)₂SO₄

(NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇

NH₃ + Br₂ =

NH₃ + CuO =

NH₃ + NaClO =

N₂H₄ + HCl =

HNO₃ + H =

NH₂OH + HCl =

N₂H₄ + HNO₂ =

NH₄Cl + Cl₂ =

Experimental section

1. Materials and equipment: crystalline ammonium nitrite, ammonium chloride, solutions of litmus, potassium permanganate, aluminium sulphate, copper (ІІ) sulphate, chrome (ІІІ) chloride, iron (ІІІ) chloride, nickel (ІІ) sulphate, copper (П) sulphate, copper (ІІ) chloride, lead (П) acetate, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, ammonia, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, bromine water, concentrated ammonium chloride solution, sodium hydroxide, 100 mls beaker, test tubes, glass rods.