Другий семестр
Unit 17. Variety, Harmony, Emphasis, and Proportion
Різноманітність, гармонія, акцент і пропозиція
Ex. 1. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст:
“Variety is the spice of life.” This saying means that a break from humdrum routines makes life more interesting.
This saying also applies to art. In this lesson, you will learn how variety and three other principles—harmony, emphasis, and proportion—add interest to artworks.
THE PRINCIPLE OF VARIETY
In art, variety is combining one or more elements of art to create interest. A splash of brilliant color will add zest to a painting that has mostly dull tones. A free-form shape adds pep to a work done with mostly geometric shapes. Study the unusual painting in Figure 17–1. What has the artist done to add variety?
Figure 17–1 James Rosenquist. Early in the Morning. 1963. Oil on canvas.
241.3 _ 142.2 cm (95 _ 56_). Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond, Virginia. Gift of Sydney and Frances Lewis.
THE PRINCIPLE OF HARMONY
Just as you can have too little of a good thing, you can also have too much. In art, an excess of variety can be offset by using the principle of harmony. Harmony means combining the elements of art to accent their similarities. Look again at the painting in Figure 17–1. This time, study its picture plane. This is the flat surface of a painting or drawing. Find the horizontal line that divides the upper and lower halves of the picture plane. It runs through the center of the comb. Do you recall the effect horizontal lines have on the viewer? What other lines has the artist used to bring harmony to this active painting?
THE PRINCIPLE OF EMPHASIS
To attract a viewer’s attention to an important part of a work, artists use emphasis.
Emphasis is making an element or an object in a work stand out. One way artists create emphasis is through contrast. Examine the sculpture in Figure 17–2. Notice how the artist uses contrasting bold colors to draw the viewer’s eye into and around the dancing figures. What object or element is emphasized in the work in Figure 17–1?
Figure 17–2 Miriam Schapiro. Anna and
David. 1987. Painted stainless
steel and aluminum. 10.6 _
9.4 _ .23 m (35_ _ 31_ _ 9_).
Steinbaum-Krauss Gallery,
New York, New York.
THE PRINCIPLE OF PROPORTION
As an art principle, proportion is how parts of a work relate to each other and to the whole. A large shape in a picture filled with smaller shapes would stand out because of the different proportions in size. Look once more at the sculpture in Figure 17–2. Notice how the larger-than-life size of the figures adds to their importance and interest.
Ex.2.Дайте відповіді на запитання:
How did the artist create variety and harmony in this painting?(Figure 17–1)
2. Why do you suppose the artist chose to use emphasis and proportion the way she did in this sculpture? (Figure 17–2)
Ex.3. Напишіть визначення дoподаних термінів:
Variety is…
Harmony means…
Emphasis is…
proportion is…
Домашнє завдання:
Ex.4. Вивчити визначення.
Питання для самоконтролю:
1. Name two ways artists can achieve variety in their work.
2. How do artists achieve harmony?
3. Explain the principle of proportion.
Unit 18. Drawing