Тема 3 – Technology for obtaining inorganic drugs (3 hours)

Objective: To master the technology for receiving and manufacturing of inorganic drugs.

Learning objectives:

1. Apply some of the techniques for the synthesis in the laboratory.

2. Practice basis physical methods for processing drugs (filtration, crystallisation, distillation, redistillation, preparation of saturated solutions, etc.).

The main issue in this topic:

1. Common methods of work in chemical synthesis. 2. Admission calculate the theoretical yield of the drug, if possible, the expected yield on the conditions of synthesis of drugs. 3. Analysis methods for the synthesis of sodium sulfate.

Methods of learning and teaching: analysis of theoretical issues and practical tasks on the synthesis of inorganic medicinal substances.

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References:

1. Альбицкая В.Г., Гинзбург О.Ф., Коляскина З.Н., Купин Б.С., Павлова Л.А., Разумова Н.А., Ралль К.Б., Серкова В.И., Стадничук М.Д. Лабораторные работы по органической химии. Под ред. О.Ф. Гинзбурга, А.А. Петрова. М.: Высш. шк., 1967. – 295 с.

2. Майофис Л.С. Химия и технология химико-фармацевтических препаратов. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. – М.: Медицина, 1964. – 625 с.

Control

1. What methods are used for separation and purification of substances in technological processes?

2. What physical methods are used for technological processes

3. Describe the basic operating time of obtaining sodium sulfate.?

APPENDIX

lab work 1 - receiving sodium sulfate

Methods. aturated solution is prepared from 10 g of sodium bicarbonate (about 100-110 ml of water) and filtered. The filtrate is neutralized with dilute sulfuric acid to slightly alkaline reaction to litmus, again filtered, and the filtrate is acidified to a pH of 2.0-3.0 and heated to boiling, filtered, and the filtrate is transferred to Evaporating dish and evaporated to dryness. The residue is dried at 110-120 ⁰С to completely remove the water of crystallization, weighed anhydrous salt and add water to it at the rate of about 11-12 moles of water for each salt salt. The solution is heated to dissolve the salt. If the estimated number of salt is not dissolved, then heated under continuous continue to add water very small portions until dissolved (no more than 3 ml per 1 g of dry matter). The flask is left until the next day.

When cooling of the solution falls colorless crystals of sodium sulfate, filtered and dried product between sheets of filter paper. At a temperature of 32.4 ⁰С salt dissolves in its water of crystallization at 100 ⁰С dehydrated, air erode..

Lab.work 2 – Determination of the theoretical and practical output of sodium sulfate

The output of the drug should be about 80% of the theoretically calculated.

Quantity of finished product, g

η = ______________________________ х 100 %

Quantity of starting material, g

losses, g

έ (spending) = _______________________________ х 100 %

Quantity of starting material, g

Quantity of starting material, g

К expense = __________________________

Quantity of finished product, g