МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ и НАУКИ РФ

АСТРАХАНСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

Методические рекомендации

для самоподготовки к экзамену по дисциплине

«Английский язык»

для студентов экономических специальностей

направление подготовки

«Туризм»

Составитель Е.В.Варламова

Астрахань

АГУ

2011

ББК 81.2 Англ

В 75

Рецензенты – Емельянова Н.А., кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры английского языка для гуманитарных специальностей ФИЯ АГУ;

Варфоломеева И.В., кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры «ИЯГЕНО» ФГУ ВПО АГТУ; Краева С.В., кандидат педагогических наук, доцент, декан ФИЯ АГУ

Составитель Е.В.Варламова

Английский язык: методические рекомендации для самоподготовки / сост. Е.В.Варламова. – Астрахань: Издатель: Сорокин Роман Васильевич, 2011. – 26 с.

ISBN 978-5-903285-75-4

Методические рекомендации, составленные Е.В.Варламовой, содержат требования к подготовке и сдаче экзамена по дисциплине «Английский язык», а также справочный материал, являющийся основой данного курса. Методические рекомендации адресованы студентам экономических специальностей, изучающим английский язык в высших учебных заведениях.

© Варламова Е.В., составление, 2011

© Издатель: Сорокин Роман Васильевич, 2011

ПОЯСНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЗАПИСКА

Методические рекомендации разработаны для помощи студентам при подготовке к экзамену по окончании курса обучения по английскому языку. Методические рекомендации подготовлены в соответствии с требованиями ФГОС ВПО с учётом рекомендаций и ПрООП ВПО по направлению подготовки «Туризм» и с учетом требований примерной программы по учебной дисциплине «Английский язык» для образовательных учреждений высшего профессионального образования.

Методические рекомендации определяют содержание и структуру дисциплины «Английский язык» и предназначены для обучения студентов очной и заочной форм обучения.

Курс «Английский язык» выступает одним из важных направлений комплекса гуманитарных наук, ставит своей задачей продолжить у будущих специалистов формирование основ владения английским языком, начатое в средней общеобразовательной школе, заложить основу практического владения языком своей профессии, позволяющую совершенствовать языковую компетенцию. Обучению иностранному языку отводится значительная роль в решении общеобразовательных задач, повышении интеллектуального и культурного уровня.

Методические рекомендации содержат требования к экзамену по английскому языку, перечень тем, общие методические указания по самостоятельной подготовке к экзамену, примерные статьи по специальности профессиональной тематики, список рекомендуемой и дополнительной литературы для подготовки к экзамену, приложение.

В результате изучения дисциплины обучающиеся должны знать:

• базовую лексику языка;

• лексику, представляющую нейтральный научный стиль;

• терминологию широкой и узкой специальности;

• основы публичной речи;

уметь:

• владеть навыками разговорно-бытовой речи;

• уметь читать и переводить со словарем тексты;

• вести беседу по содержанию текстов на английском языке;

• владеть формами профессиональной речи: строить аргументированные высказывания;

В результате изучения дисциплины у обучающихся должны быть сформированы следующие умения и навыки:

– в области чтения: читать и переводить тексты со словарем по широкому и узкому профилю специальности;

– в области устной речи: вести диалог – обмен мнениями, используя оценочные суждения, вести беседу и связно высказываться по данной теме, а также связно передать содержание прочитанных текстов в форме монолога с использованием лексических единиц;

– в области аудирования: воспринимать на слух и понимать в целом высказывания по данной теме, понимать основное содержание кратких текстов и выделять для себя отдельно значимую информацию.

– в области письма: правильно писать слова и словосочетания по теме, письменно оформить и составить письменно сообщение по теме, с использованием усвоенных лексических единиц данной темы.

Экзамен по английскому языку включает в себя следующие задания:

1) Чтение и письменный перевод экономического текста общенаучного содержания (1500 п.зн.) со словарем за 45 минут.

2) Ознакомление с содержанием текста по профессиональной тематике (15 минут) и изложение содержания текста (1000 п.зн.) на русском языке.

3) Беседа на иностранном языке по следующим темам устной речи:

• What is Tourism?

• Leisure travel

• Types of Tourism

• Travel agency

• A tour guide

• A package holiday

• Destination hotel

• Receptionist

Общие методические указания по самостоятельной подготовке к экзамену

Подготовка студентов к экзамену является одним из основных и трудоемких видов учебной деятельности. Эффективность этой деятельности во многом зависит от самостоятельной работы при подготовке к экзамену. В часы самоподготовки необходимо самостоятельно изучить материал. При этом самостоятельную работу необходимо понимать не только как «домашнюю» работу по подготовке к практическому занятию, но и как всю совокупность предшествующих ему занятий:

– изучение задания и методических указаний к практическому занятию по данной теме;

– консультации накануне проведения экзамена и получение индивидуальной методической помощи;

– изучение рекомендованной литературы, работа со справочным материалом, со словарями.

Активное участие студентов в обсуждении рассматриваемых заданий на английском языке предполагает умение внимательно слушать своих товарищей, анализировать содержание и форму этих сообщений, давать им объективную оценку. Получив задание, постарайтесь осмыслить его содержание, и после этого приступить к выполнению заданий.

Как работать с методическими рекомендациями самостоятельно

Чтобы найти интересующую Вас тему, воспользуйтесь списком экзаменационных тем и соответствующих им текстов.

Для более эффективной работы с текстом, необходимо следовать рекомендациям:

• прочитайте текст; при чтении и переводе текста удобно пользоваться тематическим словарем, приводимым после каждого текста;

• после того, как Вы ознакомитесь с содержанием текста и усвоите словарь, попробуйте ответить на вопросы. Если это сделать трудно, обратитесь к тексту;

• пересказывать каждый текст следует не менее двух раз. При первом пересказе воспользуйтесь не самим текстом, а словарем к нему. Словарь составлен в том порядке, в котором слова встречаются в тексте;

• второй раз текст следует пересказывать, закрыв книгу. Если это не получается, вернитесь к предыдущему пункту.

Темы, выносимые на экзамен

Тopic 1

What is Tourism?

Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited". Tourism has become a popular global leisure activity. In 2008, there were over 922 million international tourist arrivals, with a growth of 1.9% as compared to 2007.

Tourism is vital for many countries, such as the U.A.E, Egypt, Greece and Thailand, and many island nations, such as The Bahamas, Fiji, Maldives and the Seychelles, due to the large intake of money for businesses with their goods and services and the opportunity for employment in the service industries associated with tourism. These service industries include transportation services, such as airlines, cruise ships and taxis, hospitality services, such as accommodations, including hotels and resorts, and entertainment venues, such as amusement parks, casinos, shopping malls, various music venues and the theatre.

Wealthy people have always traveled to distant parts of the world, to see great buildings, works of art, learn new languages, experience new cultures and to taste different cuisines. Long ago, at the time of the Roman Republic, places such as Baiae were popular coastal resorts for the rich. The word tourism was used by 1811 and tourist by 1840. In 1936, the League of Nations defined foreign tourist as "someone traveling abroad for at least twenty-four hours". Its successor, the United Nations, amended this definition in 1945, by including a maximum stay of six months. Adjectival tourism refers to the numerous niche or specialty travel forms of tourism that have emerged over the years, each with its own adjective. Many of these have come into common use by the tourism industry and academics. Others are emerging concepts that may or may not gain popular usage. Examples of the more common niche tourism markets include:

1. Agritourism

2. Culinary tourism

3. Cultural tourism

4. Ecotourism

5. Heritage tourism

6. Medical tourism

7. Nautical tourism

8. Religious tourism

9. Space tourism

10. War tourism

11. Wildlife tourism

Topical Vocabulary

purpose	цель, намерение
consecutive	последовательный
remunerate	вознаграждать, оплачивать
growth	рост
vital	жизненно необходимый
opportunity	возможность
employment	занятость, использование
hospitality	гостеприимство
accommodations	размещение, проживание
cuisines	(национальная) кухня
successor	Преемник
amend	исправлять, вносить поправки
Adjectival	адъективный
emergе	всплывать, появляться, возникать
definition	определение

Questions

1. How does the World Tourism Organization define tourists?

2. Which countries are most affected by tourism?

3. Why is tourism vital for these countries?

4. What are service industries?

5. What places were popular among the rich at the time of the Roman Republic?

6. What is the definition of “foreign tourist” given by the League of Nations?

7. What is a maximum stay for a tourist according to the United Nations?

8. What are the examples of common niche tourism markets?

Тopic 2

Leisure travel

Leisure travel was associated with the Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom – the first European country to promote leisure time to the increasing industrial population. Initially, this applied to the owners of the machinery of production, the economic oligarchy, the factory owners and the traders. These comprised the new middle class. Cox & Kings was the first official travel company to be formed in 1758.

The British origin of this new industry is reflected in many place names. In Nice, France, one of the first and best-established holiday resorts on the French Riviera, the long esplanade along the seafront is known to this day as the Promenade des Anglais; in many other historic resorts in continental Europe, old, well-established palace hotels have names like the Hotel Bristol, the Hotel Carlton or the Hotel Majestic – reflecting the dominance of English customers.

Many leisure-oriented tourists travel to the tropics, both in the summer and winter. Places often visited are: Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Thailand, North Queensland in Australia and Florida in the United States.

Topical Vocabulary

to be associated	быть связанным, ассоциироваться
to promote	продвигать, поддерживать
the increasing	увеличение, повышение
apply to	относится к …
comprise	включать в себя
the new middle class	новый средний класс
to reflect	отражать, отражаться
esplanade	эспланада, площадка для прогулок
the dominance	преобладание, господство
leisure-oriented tourists	ориентированные на развлечения туристы
the seafront	набережная, приморский бульвар
the tropics	тропики
visit	посещать
well-established palace	дворцы с хорошей репутацией
North Queensland	Северный Квинсленд

Questions

1. Why was leisure travel associated with the Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom?

2. Why was initially leisure travel applied to the new middle class?

3. When was the first official travel company formed?

4. What is the name of one of the first and best-established holiday resorts on the French Riviera?

5. Why do many historic resorts in continental Europe have the names with the British origin?

6. What are the places often visited by tourists?

Topic 3

Types of Tourism

Winter tourism

Major ski resorts are located in the various European countries (e.g. Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland), Canada, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea, Chile and Argentina.

Mass tourism

Mass tourism could only have developed with the improvements in technology, allowing the transport of large numbers of people in a short space of time to places of leisure interest, so that greater numbers of people could begin to enjoy the benefits of leisure time.

In the United States, the first seaside resorts in the European style were at Atlantic City, New Jersey and Long Island, New York.

In Continental Europe, early resorts included: Ostend, popularized by the people of Brussels; Boulogne-sur-Mer (Pas-de-Calais) and Deauville (Calvados) for the Parisians; and Heiligendamm, founded in 1797, as the first seaside resort on the Baltic Sea.

Creative tourism

Creative tourism has existed as a form of cultural tourism, since the early beginnings of tourism itself. Its European roots date back to the time of the Grand Tour, which saw the sons of aristocratic families traveling for the purpose of mostly interactive, educational experiences. More recently, creative tourism has been given its own name by Crispin Raymond and Greg Richards, who as members of the Association for Tourism and Leisure Education (ATLAS), have directed a number of projects for the European Commission, including cultural and crafts tourism, known as sustainable tourism. They have defined "creative tourism" as tourism related to the active participation of travellers in the culture of the host community, through interactive workshops and informal learning experiences.

Meanwhile, the concept of creative tourism has been picked up by high-profile organizations such as UNESCO, who through the Creative Cities Network, have endorsed creative tourism as an engaged, authentic experience that promotes an active understanding of the specific cultural features of a place.

More recently, creative tourism has gained popularity as a form of cultural tourism, drawing on active participation by travelers in the culture of the host communities they visit. Several countries offer examples of this type of tourism development, including the United Kingdom, the Bahamas, Jamaica, Spain, Italy and New Zealand.

Dark tourism

One emerging area of special interest tourism has been identified by Lennon and Foley (2000) as "dark" tourism. This type of tourism involves visits to "dark" sites, such as battlegrounds, scenes of horrific crimes or acts of genocide, for example: concentration camps. Dark tourism poses severe ethical and moral dilemmas: should these sites be available for visitation and, if so, what should the nature of the publicity involved be. Dark tourism remains a small niche market, driven by varied motivations, such as mourning, remembrance, macabre curiosity or even entertainment. Its early origins are rooted in fairgrounds and medieval fairs.

Topical Vocabulary

improvements	улучшение
benefit	польза, выгода, преимущество
exist	существовать
root	корень
educational	образовательный
direct	направлять, адресовывать, руководить
sustainable tourism	поддерживающий туризм
active participation	активное участие
host community	принимающая сторона
endorsе	подтверждать
offer	предлагать
battleground	поле боя
horrific crime	ужасный криминальный фильм
remain	пребывать
mourning	скорбь, траур

Questions

1. Where are major ski resorts located?

2. Why could mass tourism only have developed with the improvements in technology?

3. Where were the first European style seaside resorts in the United States situated?

4. When was the first seaside resort on the Baltic Sea founded?

5. What is creative tourism?

6. What is the Grand Tour?

7. Who gave its own name to creative tourism?

8. How is "creative tourism" defined by Crispin Raymond and Greg Richards?

9. How did UNESCO endorse creative tourism?

10. Why is creative tourism popular as a form of cultural tourism?

11. What are the countries offering this type of tourism development?

12. What is Dark tourism?

13. What are dilemmas posed by dark tourism?

Topic 4

Travel agency

A travel agency is a retail business, that sells travel related products and services to customers, on behalf of suppliers, such as airlines, car rentals, cruise lines, hotels, railways, sightseeing tours and package holidays that combine several products. In addition to dealing with ordinary tourists, most travel agencies have a separate department devoted to making travel arrangements for business travelers and some travel agencies specialize in commercial and business travel only. There are also travel agencies that serve as general sales agents for foreign travel companies, allowing them to have offices in countries other than where their headquarters are located. The British company Cox & Kings is sometimes said to be the oldest travel agency in the world, but this rests upon the services that the original bank, established in 1758, supplied to its wealthy clients. The modern travel agency first appeared in the second half of the 19th century. Thomas Cook, in addition to developing the package tour, established a chain of agencies in the last quarter of the 19th century, in association with the Midland Railway. They not only sold their own tours to the public, but in addition, represented other tour companies. Other British pioneer travel agencies were Dean and Dawson, the Polytechnic Touring Association and the Co-operative Wholesale Society. The oldest travel agency in North America is Brownell Travel; on July 4, 1887, Walter T. Brownell led ten travelers on a European tour, setting sail from New York on the SS Devonia.

Travel agencies became more commonplace with the development of commercial aviation, starting in the 1920s. Originally, travel agencies largely catered to middle and upper class customers, but the post-war boom in mass-market package holidays resulted in travel agencies on the main streets of most British towns, catering to a working class clientèle, looking for a convenient way to book overseas beach holidays.

Topical Vocabulary

retail business	бизнес на розничной продаже
travel related products and services	относящиеся к путешествиям продукты и обслуживание
on behalf of suppliers	от лица поставщиков
combine	сочетать
travel arrangements	организация путешествий
serve	обслуживать
appear	появляться
establish	учреждать
represent	представлять
became more commonplace	получили большее распространение
commercial aviation	коммерческая авиация
post-war boom	послевоенный бум
looking for	искать
convenient way	удобный способ
book	заказывать

Questions

1. What is travel agency?

2. Do travel agencies deal only with ordinary tourists?

3. What do general sales agencies do?

4. What company is considered to be the oldest travel agency in the world?

5. When did the modern travel agency first appear?

6. What did Thomas Cook do?

7. What are British pioneer travel agencies?

8. What is the oldest travel agency in North America?

9. When did travel agencies become more commonplace?

10. When did travel agencies become popular among a working class clientele?

Topic 5

A tour guide

A tour guide (or tourist guide) provides assistance, information and cultural, historical and contemporary heritage interpretation to people on organized tours, individual clients, educational establishments, at religious and historial sites and at venues of other significant interest. They [normally] have a recognized national or regional tourist guide qualification.

The CEN (European Committee for Standardization) definition for "tourist guide" (part of the work by CEN on definitions for terminology within the tourism industry) is:

Tourist guide = person who guides visitors in the language of their choice and interprets the cultural and natural heritage of an area, which person normally possesses an area — specific qualification usually issued and/or recognized by the appropriate authority

CEN also produced a definition for "tour manager":

Tour manager = person who manages and supervises the itinerary on behalf of the tour operator, ensuring the programme is carried out as described in the tour operator's literature and sold to the traveller/consumer and who gives local practical information

In Europe, tourist guides (tour guide being initially a term primarily used in the US market) are represented by FEG, the European Federation of Tourist Guide Associations and outside Europe by WFTGA.

The tourist guiding qualification is specific to each and every country; in some cases the qualification is national, in some cases it is broken up into regions. In all cases it is embedded in the educational and training ethic of that country. The Art of Guiding is a skill; it is the skill of selecting information and varying it for different audiences; it is the skill of presenting it in a simple and precise way; it is the skill of allowing the visitor to see and to understand; it is a skill which, if well performed, is invisible.

Topical Vocabulary

provide	обеспечивать, снабжать
assistance	помощь, содействие
contemporary	современный
establishments	учреждение, установление
interpret	толковать, истолковывать
possess	владеть, обладать
visitor	посетитель
itinerary	маршрут, план пути
ensuring the programme	обеспечивающий программу
specific	определенный
In all casesв	в любом случае
is embedded	быть включенным
varying	варьируемый
in a simple and precise way	простым и точным способом
invisible	невидимый, незримый

Questions

1. What does a tour guide (or tourist guide) provide?

2. What is the CEN definition for "tourist guide"?

3. What is the CEN definition for "tour manager"?

4. What organizations are tourist guides represented by in Europe and outside Europe?

5. Why is the tourist guiding qualification specific to each and every country?

6. Why is the Art of Guiding considered to be a skill?

7. What skills are particularly important for a tour guide?

Topic 6

A package holiday

A package holiday or package tour consists of transport and accommodation advertised and sold together by a vendor known as a tour operator. Other services may be provided like a rental car, activities or outings during the holiday. Transport can be via charter airline to a foreign country. Package holidays are a form of product bundling.

Package holidays are organised by a tour operator and sold to a consumer by a travel agent. Some travel agents are employees of tour operators, others are independent.

The history of package holiday

An early form of package holiday was organised by Thomas Cook in 1841, offering customers a return trip between Leicester and Loughborough. The first package tour of Europe was organised by Cook in 1855, and by 1872 he was undertaking world-wide tours, albeit with small groups.

Vladimir Raitz, the co-founder of the Horizon Holiday Group, pioneered the first mass package holidays abroad with charter flights between Gatwick airport and Corsica in 1950, and organised the first package holiday to Palma in 1952, Lourdes in 1953, and the Costa Brava and Sardinia in 1954. In addition, the amendments made in Montreal to the Convention on International Civil Aviation on June 14, 1954 was very liberal to Spain, allowing impetus for mass tourism using charter planes.

By the late 1950s and 1960s, these cheap package holidays — which combined flight, transfers and accommodation — provided the first chance for most people in the United Kingdom to have affordable travel abroad. One of the first charter airlines was Euravia, which commenced flights from Manchester Airport in 1961 and Luton Airport in 1962. Despite opening up mass tourism to Crete and the Algarve in 1970, the package tour industry declined during the 1970s. On 15 August 1974, the industry was shaken when the second-largest tour operator, Court Line which operated under the brand names of Horizon and Clarksons, collapsed. Nearly 50,000 tourists were stranded overseas and a further 100,000 faced the loss of booking deposits.

In 2005 a growing number of consumers were avoiding package holidays and were instead travelling with budget airlines and booking their own accommodation. In the UK, the downturn in the package holiday market led to the consolidation of the tour operator market, which is now dominated by a few large tour operators. The major operators are Thomson Holidays and First Choice part of TUI AG and Thomas Cook AG. Under these umbrella brands there exists a whole range of different holiday operators catering to different markets, such as Club 18-30 or Simply Travel. Budget airlines have also created their own package holiday divisions such as Jet2 Holidays.

The trend for package holiday bookings saw a comeback in 2009, as customers sought greater financial security in the wake of a number of holiday and flight companies going bust, and as the hidden costs of 'no-frills' flights increased. Coupled with the search for late holidays as holidaymakers left booking to the last moment, this led to a rise in consumers booking

Topical Vocabulary

accommodation	жилье, размещение
vendor	продавец
form of product bundling	форма связывания продуктов
world-wide tours	туры по всему миру
pioneere	пионер, первый
abroad	за границей, за рубежом
amendment	исправление, поправка
impetus	толчок, импульс, стимул
provide	снабжать, обеспечивать
affordable	позволяющий
decline	падение, упадок
collapse	обвал, крушение
strand	сажать, посадить на мель
downturn	падение, спад
catering	обслуживающих

Questions

1. What is a package holiday or package tour?

2. What are the services provided in the package tour?

3. How are package holidays organised and sold?

4. Who organized an early form of package holiday?

5. When was the first package tour of Europe organized?

6. Who pioneered the first mass package holidays abroad?

7. Why did cheap package holidays provide the first chance for most people in the United Kingdom to have affordable travel abroad?

8. Which was one of the first charter airlines?

9. What happened to the tourism industry on 15 august 1974? What were the consequences of it?

10. Why were a growing number of consumers avoiding package holidays in 2005?

11. What are the major operators?

12. Why did the trend for package holiday bookings see a comeback in 2009?

13. What led to a rise in consumers booking?

Topic 7

Destination hotel

A destination hotel is a hotel whose location and amenities make the hotel itself a destination for tourists, rather than merely a convenient place to stay while traveling through or visiting the area for other reasons. Destination hotels are also called destination lodgings and sometimes destination resorts. The market for destination hotels is the subject of academic and business analysis.

A destination hotel is often characterized by:

• Upscale lodging, dining, and activities

• Recreation and entertainment on the hotel's own property

• Distinctive characteristics of the building, gardens, and sometimes history

Since the 1800s, the traditional concept of a destination hotel has been based upon a venue which is typically remote and has a natural feature as its attraction. For example, the Kviknes Hotel in Norway is a difficult to reach remote location which provides visitors access to the scenic fjord at Bale strand. Historically there were certain built-in amenities such as gourmet cuisine, music recitals and shoreline trails; however, the amenities of modern (post 1980) destination hotels dwarf the scale of these earlier models. Many of the Las Vegas and Caribbean resort hotels have complete shopping malls, conference centers and large entertainment halls on site; thus, the contemporary version of a destination often features large on-site capital investment in activities, although the access to a local natural feature is still retained by many newer destination hotels (e.g. Hotel l'Anjajavy in Madagascar).

There are numerous historic venues which were well known in the 19th century, some of which survive to the present. Examples of these properties include:

• Raffles Hotel, Singapore

• Kviknes Hotel, Bale strand, Norway

• Metropole Hotel, Avalon, California, USA, circa 1887 Victorian style hotel

• Gilroy Yamato Hot Springs, Gilroy, California, USA

• Ahwahnee Hotel, Yosemite National Park, California

• Hotel Metropole, Vienna, Austria

• Mohonk Mountain House, New Paltz, New York. Owned and operated by the Smiley family since 1869.

• Greenbrier Resort, White Sulphur Springs, W. Va., USA

• Grand Hotel-Mackinac, Mackinac Island, Mich.

There are several distinct types of destination hotels including:

• Geographically remote locations often associated with a noteworthy natural feature such as a volcano or rainforest

• Urban settings

• Conference center oriented

• Specialized activity settings (e.g. Disneyland Hotel)

• Hotels of unusual construction by virtue of being built into a specialized environment (e.g. ice hotels, cave hotels or treehouse hotels)

• Boutique hotels

Topical Vocabulary

amenities	удобства
merely	просто, только
reason	причина
upscale lodging	высококлассное жилье
entertainment	прием гостей, развлечение
Distinctive characteristics	отличительные характеристики
remote	отдаленный, глухой
natural feature	природные особенности
access	подъездной путь
gourmet cuisine	кухня гурмана
shoreline trails	дорожки вдоль берега
dwarf	карлик
investment	инвестиция
survive	сохраниться, уцелеть
noteworthy	достойный внимания

Questions

1. What is a destination hotel?

2. How are destination hotels also called?

3. How are destination hotels often characterized by?

4. What is the traditional concept of a destination hotel?

5. What built-in amenities did destination hotels historically have?

6. What do many of the Las Vegas and Caribbean resort hotels have?

7. What are historic venues well known in the 19th century which survive to the present?

8. What are several distinct types of destination hotels?

Topic 8

Receptionist

A receptionist is an employee taking an office/administrative support position. The work is usually performed in a waiting area such as a lobby or front office desk of an organization or business. The title "receptionist" is attributed to the person who is specifically employed by an organization to receive or greet any visitors, patients, or clients and answer telephone calls.

Receptionists in Stockholm

The business duties of a receptionist may include answering visitors' inquiries about a company and its products or services, directing visitors to their destinations, sorting and handing out mail, answering incoming calls on multi-line telephones or, earlier in the 20th century, a switchboard, setting appointments, filing, records keeping, keyboarding/data entry and performing a variety of other office tasks, such as faxing or emailing. Some receptionists may also perform bookkeeping or cashiering duties. Some, but not all, offices may expect the receptionist to serve coffee or tea to guests, and to keep the lobby area tidy.

A receptionist may also assume some security guard access control functions for an organization by verifying employee identification, issuing visitor passes, and observing and reporting any unusual or suspicious persons or activities.

A receptionist is often the first business contact a person will meet at any organization. It is an expectation of most organizations that the receptionist maintains a calm, courteous and professional demeanor at all times regardless of the visitor's behavior. Some personal qualities that a receptionist is expected to possess in order to do the job successfully include attentiveness, a well-groomed appearance, initiative, loyalty, maturity, respect for confidentiality and discretion, a positive attitude and dependability. At times, the job may be stressful due to interaction with many different people with different types of personalities, and being expected to perform multiple tasks quickly.

Depending upon the industry, a receptionist position can be considered a low-ranking, dead-end or servile position, or it could be perceived as having a certain veneer of glamor with opportunities for networking in order to advance to other positions within a specific field. Some people may use this type of job as a way to familiarize themselves with office work, or to learn of other functions or positions within a corporation. Some people use receptionist work as a way to earn money while pursuing further educational opportunities or other career interests such as in the performing arts or as writers.

Front Desk in New York, USA

A few famous people were receptionists in the beginning, such as Betty Williams, a co-recipient of the 1976 Nobel Peace Prize. A number of celebrities had worked as receptionists before they became famous, such as singer/songwriter Naomi Judd and the late entrepreneur/Beatle wife Linda McCartney.

Topical Vocabulary

employee	служащий
duties	обязанности
inquiries	расследования
switchboard	коммутатор
keyboarding/data	доска с ключами/данные
cashiering duties	работа с платежами
assume	принимать
issuing visitor passes	выдача паспортов посетителям
calm	спокойствие
courteous and professional demeanor	вежливое и профессиональное поведение
attentiveness	внимательность
discretion	осмотрительность
dependability	надежность
dead-end or servile position	бесперспективная или лакейская должность
familiarize themselves with office work	ознакомиться с офисной работой

Questions

1. What is a receptionist?

2. Where is the work of a receptionist performed?

3. What are the business duties of a receptionist?

4. How can a receptionist assume security guard access control functions for an organization?

5. What do most organizations expect from a receptionist?

6. What are the most important personal qualities for a receptionist?

7. Why may this job be stressful?

8. Why can this job be considered a low-ranking, dead-end or servile position?

9. How can this type of job be used?

10. What famous people were receptionists in the beginning?

Appendix

Interesting Facts about Tourism

Most visited countries by international tourist arrivals

The World Tourism Organization reports the following ten countries as the most visited in between 2006 and 2008 by number of international travelers. When compared to 2006, Ukraine entered the top ten list, surpassing Russia, Austria and Mexico, and in 2008 surpassed Germany. In 2008 the U.S. displaced Spain from the second place. Most of the top visited countries continue to be on the European continent.

Rank	Country	UNWTO Regional Market	International tourist arrivals (2008)	International tourist arrivals (2007)	International tourist arrivals (2006)
1	France	Europe	79.3 million	81.9 million	78.9 million
2	United States	North America	58.0 million	56.0 million	51.0 million
3	Spain	Europe	57.3 million	58.7 million	58.2 million
4	China	Asia	53.0 million	54.7 million	49.9 million
5	Italy	Europe	42.7 million	43.7 million	41.1 million
6	United Kingdom	Europe	30.2 million	30.9 million	30.7 million
7	Ukraine	Europe	25.4 million	23.1 million	18.9 million
8	Turkey	Europe	25.0 million	22.2 million	18.9 million
9	Germany	Europe	24.9 million	24.4 million	23.5 million
10	Mexico	North America	22.6 million	21.4 million	21.4 million

Hospitality, Recreation and Tourism Career

Adventure Travel Guide	Hotel Detectives
Advertising and Public Relations Managers	Hotel, Motel and Resort Clerks
Amusement and Recreation Workers	Housekeeping Supervisors
Arts, Entertainment and Sports Careers	Kitchen Helpers
Athletic Trainer	Interpreters and Translators
Bar/Club Manager	Luggage Porter
Beauty and Salon Related Careers	Meeting and Convention Planners
Bellhops	Receptionists and Information Clerks
Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance	Recreational Therapists
Bus Drivers	Reservation and Transportation Ticket Clerks
Management	Restaurant and Catering Manager
Cashiers	Sales Representative - Food
Chefs, Cooks and Food Preparation Workers	Service Occupations
Club Managers	Short Order Cooks
Cruise Reservation Agent	Sport and Leisure Careers
Coaches and Scouts	Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs
Disc Jockeys	Transportation and Outdoor Careers
Dishwashers	Transportation Related Careers
Entertainer	Travel Accommodation and Recreation
Events Planner	Attendants
Fast Food Cooks	Travel Agency Manager
Fitness Trainers	Travel Agents and Tour Guides
Flight Attendants	Travel Consultant
Florist	Tour Guides and Escorts
Front Desk Agents	Ushers and Lobby Attendants
Gaming Supervisors	Wine Makers
General Management Careers	Window Dressers
Golf Professionals	Zoo Caretaker
Health Club Managers

Did you know?

Did you know that Europe, is the biggest tourist market in the world. Half of the European share (25% of whole global market in terms of arrivals and 20% in receipts) has been kept by four countries in the continent - France, Spain, Italy and UK. In 2001 together they welcomed almost 190 million foreign tourists, the same figure as in 2000. 9 out of 15 most frequent tourist destinations in the world are either European Union counties or are states that hope to become EU members by 2004. Western and Southern Europe hold for the most of the successes of the European tourist industry. These two regions represent 30-35% of the global tourism industry both in terms of receipts and international arrivals! Did you know That UK residents made a record 44.2 million holiday trips abroad in 2005; 43 per cent were package holidays, down from 53 per cent in 2001. Did you know That the UK received 30 million visitors from overseas in 2005, a new high. The last peak was in 1998 with 25.7 million visitors. (Table 12.21) Did you know that the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) forecasts that international tourism will continue growing at the average annual rate of 4 %.By 2020 Europe will remain the most popular destination, but its share will drop from 60 % in 1995 to 46 %. Long-haul will grow slightly faster than intraregional travel and by 2020 its share will increase from 18 % in 1995 to 24 %. Did you know the with the advent of e-commerce, tourism products have become one of the most traded items on the internet. Tourism products and services have been made available through intermediaries, although tourism providers (hotels, airlines, etc.) can sell their services directly. This has put pressure on intermediaries from both on-line and traditional shops. Did you know that there is a strong correlation between Tourism expenditure per capita and the degree to which countries play in the global context. Not only as a result of the important economic contribution of the tourism industry, but also as an indicator of the degree of confidence with which global citizens leverage the resources of the globe for the benefit of their local economies. This is why any projections of growth in tourism may serve as an indication of the relative influence that each country will exercise in the future. Did You Know that Travel and Tourism is a $1.3 trillion industry in the United States? If one dollar bill equalled a second of time, then $1.3 trillion would equal over 41,000 years. Did You Know that Travel and Tourism generates $100 billion in tax revenue for local, state, and federal governments in the U.S.? If you place 100 billion dollar bills end-to-end, they would circle the world 397 times.