Lesson 10 module 1

The only sugar absorbed by intestine against a concentration gradient is:

Glucose*

Mannose

Erythrose

Xylose

Fructose

The bile acids participate in:

The activation of trypsin

The lipids emulsification*

The cholesterol synthesis

The ketone bodies synthesis

The protein transport activation

Point out the class of enzymes that catalyze the digestion of proteins in gastro-intestinal tract:

Transferases

Lyases

Hydrolases*

Oxidoreductases

Ligases

Point out the group of peptidases which trypsin is related to:

Amino peptidase

Exopeptidase

Endopeptidase*

Dipeptidase

Carboxypeptidase

Point out the couple of amino acids participating in the formation of peptide bond that is cleaved by trypsin:

Arginine, lysine*

Leucine, valine

Glycine, Glutamine

Alanine, valine

Isoleucine, alanine

Point out the endopeptidase that is produced by pancreas and is activated by trypsin:

Proelastase*

Renin

Pepsinogen

Gastricsin

Alpha-Amylase

Find out the values for total acidity of gastric juice associated with hypochlorhydria in patient:

40 mmol/L

50 mmol/L

60 mmol/L

20 mmol/L*

55 mmol/L

Name the enzyme whose function is associated with digestion of polysaccharides in the small intestine:

Elastase

Rennin

Pepsinogen

Maltase

Alpha-Amylase*

A 30-year-old woman was diagnosed with insufficiency of exocrine function of pancreas. Hydrolysis of what nutrients will be disturbed?

Proteins, fats, carbohydrates*

Fats, carbohydrates

Proteins, carbohydrates

Proteins, fats

Proteins

Examination of a man who hadn’t been consuming fats but had been getting enough carbohydrates and proteins for long time revealed dermatitis, poor wound healing, vision impairment. What is the probable cause of metabolic disorder?

Lack of vitamins PP, H

Lack of oleic acid

Lack of linoleic acid, vitamins A, D, E, K*

Lack of palmitic acid

Low caloric value of diet

After intake of rich food a patient suffered from nausea and sluggishness, and then signs of steatorrhea appeared. Blood cholesterol concentration for this patient was 9.2 mmole/l. That condition was caused by lack of:

Chylomicrons

Fatty acids

Phospholipids

Bile acids*

Triglycerides

A patient complains of frequent diarrheas, especially after consumption of fattening food and of the body weight loss. Laboratory examination revealed steatorrhea; hypocholic feces. What may be the cause of this condition?

Mucous membrane inflammation of small intestine

Obturation of biliary tracts*

Lack of pancreatic phospholipase

Lack of pancreatic lipase

Unbalanced diet

Choose the enzyme that takes part in the digestion of carbohydrates in adults:

Oligo-1,6-glycosidase

Amylo-1,6-glycosidase

Salivary amylase

There's no any enzyme for carbohydrates digestion

All the enzymes placed *

The vegetable oils are the obligatory components of man ration as they contain some essential fatty acids. Choose them:

Stearic and palmitic acids

Acetic and butyric acids

Palmitooleic and oleic acids

Linoleic and α-linolenic acids*

Citric and fumaric acids

The stone of a general bile duct stopped the entrance of bile to the intestine of the patient. Specify the process, whose infringement will be observed:

Protein digestion

Carbohydrates absorption

Fats digestion*

Protein digestion

Carbohydrates digestion

Point out the amino acids whose peptide bonds are hydrolyzed by pepsin and chymotrypsin:

Diamino acids

Aromatic amino acids*

Dicarboxylic acids

Alcoholic acids

Sulfur-containing amino acids

Some carbohydrates can't be digested in the intestine. Point out one of them:

Starch

Sucrose

Cellulose*

Glycogen

Maltose

Point out the activator of secretin production in duodenum:

Hydrochloric acid*

Pepsin

Gastricsin

Trypsin

Chymotrypsin

This disorder may be genetic or acquired. Affected infants are not able to tolerate milk, which is normally their primary food. Point out the name of disorder:

Lactose intolerance*

Galactose intolerance

Glucose intolerance

Fructosuria

Galactosemia

Lipase requires special conditions for its activity. Choose a factor that isn’t optimal for this purpose:

Bile salts

pH=8.0

Colipase

pH=2.0*

Phospholipids

Achlorhydria state is observed in patient with stomach problems. Propose probable reason for the development of this state and probable values for free HCL content in the gastric juice of this patient:

Obstruction of esophagus; [free HCL]=20 mmole/L

Disturbed pepsinogen synthesis; [free HCL]=10 mmole/L

Cancer of stomach; [free HCL]= 0 *

Colitis; [free HCL]=60 mmole/L

Extensive secretion of gastric juice; [free HCL]=60 mmole/L

Trypsin is found in functions as activator for some zymogens produced by pancreas. Choose them:

Proelastase

Procarboxylase A

Procarboxylase B

Chymotrypsinogen

All that is placed *

Due to the blockage of the common bile duct (which was radiographically confirmed), the biliary flow to the duodenum was stopped. We should expect the impairment of:

Carbohydrate hydrolysis

Protein absorption

Secretion of hydrochloric acid

Salivation inhibition

Fat emulsification *

To prevent attacks of acute pancreatitis a doctor prescribed the patient trasylol (contrycal, gordox), which is an inhibitor of:

Trypsin*

Carboxypeptidase

Elastase

Chymotripsin

Gastricsin

A patient has normally coloured stool including a large amount of free fatty acids. The reason for this is a disturbance of the following process:

Fat hydrolysis

Fat absorption *

Biliary excretion

Lipase secretion

Choleresis