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Vocabulary

to occupy занимать

southern южный

to stretch тянуться, простираться

to include включать

total area общая площадь

to border on граничить с

sea-border морская граница

federal федеральный

lowlands низменность, долина, низина

to be located находиться, быть расположенным

to vary меняться, варьировать

arctic арктический

continental континентальный

subtropical субтропический

typhoon тайфун

coast побережье

highly developed высокоразвитый

copper медь

oil нефть

iron ore железная руда

coal каменный уголь

manufacturing промышленный

aircraft самолеты, самолетостроение

textile текстиль

armament вооружение

origin происхождение

Chinese китайский; китаец

according to в соответствии с, согласно, по

powers полномочия

branch ветвь

the executive исполнительная власть

the legislative законодательная власть

the judicial судебная власть

Questions:

  1. Where is the USA situated?

  2. What's the total area of the country?

  3. What countries does the USA border on?

  4. How many states does the USA consist of?

  5. What is the capital of the country?

  6. Can you name any other cities in the USA?

  7. What is the population of the United States?

  8. What mountains in the USA do you know?

  9. What are the largest rivers?

  10. What can you say about the climate of the country?

  11. What does the USA produce?

  12. According to the US Constitution the powers of the government

are divided into 3 branches. What are they?

  1. How many chambers does the Congress of the USA consist?

  2. What are the main political parties in the USA?

  3. Who is the US President now?

LESSON TWENTY ONE (21)

TWENTY FIRST (21st) LESSON

Going to Sussex

Part 1

Mr. Blake Simon, Jane and Sheila are going to meet me here soon. I hope they'll be able to find me. They haven't been to Victoria before. It's a huge station, so they might get lost. I'll worry about them until I see them. Before I left my office I phoned their hotel. Simon was ready but neither of the girls was ready. He was cross.

They're coming to our house for the weekend. I hope we'll have good weather. If the weather's fine, they'll be able to spend a lot of time on the beach. They like swimming. My children like swimming, too. So do I. I hope it'll be a nice weekend.

Part 2

At the railway station

Jane Hello, Mr. Blake. We're not late, are we?

Mr. Blake Hello, Jane. No, you're not late. I was a little early.

Jane When does the train leave?

Mr. Blake It leaves at four twenty-seven (4.27). If we hurry, we'll be able to catch it.

Jane Is it an express?

Mr. Blake No, it's a stopping train.

Jane Shall I buy the tickets, Mr. Blake?

Mr. Blake Oh yes. I forgot about them. There's the booking office.

Jane Do you know how much the fare is?

Mr. Blake Seventy-five pence (75p) for a single ticket or one pound fifty (£1.50) for a return. But ask for a weekend return. That might be cheaper. And ask for a timetable, too. You'll need it on Sunday.

Jane All right. I'll meet you at the entrance to the platform. Which platform is ours?

Mr. Blake Platform sixteen. I'll take your suitcase. Which one's yours?

Jane That one's mine.

Mr. Blake Hurry. The train leaves at four twenty-seven (4.27).

Jane From platform sixteen?

Mr. Blake Yes.

The suitcases

Mr. Blake Let's sit in this compartment. Girls, you sit here. Simon and I'll put your suitcases on the rack. Whose is this one?

Simon That's Sheila's.

Mr. Blake Hers is heavy.

Simon Yes. She always brings a lot of things with her. She's always changing her clothes.

Mr. Blake Is this hers, too?

Simon No, that's Jane's.

Mr. Blake And where's yours?

Simon Mine's here. It's this small bag. I've only brought my swimming trunks and a few other things. I hope we'll be able to swim.

Mr. Blake Of course you will.

Simon Will we be able to swim when we get there?

Mr. Blake Yes, I think so. Although the tide'll be out, it'll be safe. You won't be able to dive off the rocks. When the tide's in, you'll be able to dive.

Simon That's all right. I like diving but I prefer swimming. When's high tide?

Mr. Blake Low tide was at about nine o'clock (9.00) this morning, so high tide'll be at about four (4.00) tomorrow afternoon.

Sports

Mr. Blake Don't the girls like swimming?

Simon Jane likes swimming. She's very good.

Mr. Blake And what about Sheila?

Simon I know she likes sunbathing.

Mr. Blake Doesn't she like swimming?

Simon I'm not sure. Girls never talk about sports.

Mr. Blake Do you like other sports, Simon?

Simon Oh yes.

Mr. Blake What do you like doing in the winter?

Simon I like skating and I love ski-ing. Ian goes ski-ing, doesn't he?

Mr. Blake Yes, he does. Although he didn't learn to ski until we went to Scotland last year, he's very good now.

Simon I didn't learn until we went to Geneva.

Mr. Blake Does either of your parents ski?

Simon No, neither of them skis but Jane does.

The journey

Mr. Blake It's five thirty (5.30) and the train arrives at five forty-two (5.42).

Simon We're almost there. That didn't seem like we are late.

Mr. Blake Although it takes an hour and thirty minutes, it never seems very long.

Simon Shall we get the luggage before the train stops?

Mr. Blake Yes, let's take it down now

Simon Are these suitcases ours?

Mr. Blake No. Neither of them is ours? Ours are on this side.

Simon Oh yes, I remember. The girls have grey suitcases. These are theirs. And this briefcase is yours, isn't it?

Mr. Blake Yes. Thank you. We're almost at the station. Let's walk down the corridor towards the door.

Part 3

Pound notes

Harry Whose are these two pound notes?

Jim They're mine.

Harry They aren't yours. They're John's, aren't they?

Jim No, they aren't his. His are new.

Harry What are yours like?

Jim Mine are old.

Harry Neither of these notes is old.

Friends

Pat Mary, will you be able to help me this evening?

Mary No, I won't but I'll be able to help you tomorrow.

Pat John, can you help me today?

John I'm sorry. I can't help you today or tomorrow but I'll be able to help you the day after tomorrow.

Pat Harry. What about you? Can you help me?

Harry I don't think so. I won't be able to help you until I see you next week.

Pat What helpful friends!

Комментарий к двадцать первому уроку

Часть первая

1 Going to Sussex Поездка в Сасеекс

2 I hope they'll be able to find me. Надеюсь, что они смогут меня найти.

to be able to do something - мочь, быть в состоянии сделать ч-л.

Вы знаете глагол саn - мочь в двух формах - настоящего и прошедшего времени:

She can help me. - Она может мне помочь.

She could help me. - Она могла мне помочь.

Однако глагол саn не имеет формы будущего времени. Для того, чтобы выразить идею будущего времени - смогу, сможет, будет в состоянии, и т.п. - употребляется выражение to be able to:

She'll be able to help me. - Она сможет мне помочь.

3 It's a huge station, so they might get lost. Это огромный вокзал, так что они могли заблудиться.

a a huge station - огромный вокзал Имеется в виду вокзал Виктория - один из крупнейших лондонских вокзалов, обслуживающий линии южного направления

б they might они могли Прошедшее время от глагола may.

в to get lost заблудиться, потеряться Вы знаете глагол to lose терять.

    1. Before I left my office I 'phoned their hotel. Прежде, чем уйти с работы, я позвонил к

ним в гостиницу.

    1. Simon was ready but neither of the girls was ready. Саймон был уже готов, но ни одна из

девочек не была готова.

neither of ни один (из двух)

Часть вторая

6 If we hurry, we'll he able to catch it. Если мы поторопимся, мы успеем сесть на него.

7 Dо you know how much the fare is? Вы знаете, сколько стоит билет ?

8 Seventy-five репсе (75р) for a single ticket. Семьдесят пять пенсов за билет в один конец.

9 That might be cheaper. Возможно, это было бы дешевле.

10 I'll meet you at the entrance to the platform. Я с вами встречусь у выхода на платформу.

the entrance to the platform - букв, вход на платформу

11 Which one's yours? Который ваш ?

12 That one's mine. Tom - мой. yours - ваш; mine - мой Сравните: my suitcase мой чемодан

your suitcase ваш чемодан

This suitcase is mine. - Этот чемодан - мой.

This suitcase is yours. - Этот чемодан - ваш.

В русском языке мы имеем одну и ту же форму в обоих случаях - мой, ваш. В английском же языке притяжательные местоимения (отвечающие на вопрос чей ? чья ? чье ? чьи ?) в тех случаях, когда они употреблены самостоятельно, отдельно от определяемого слова или существительного, имеют особую форму: mine, yours. Ниже вам встретятся формы других лиц (hers, his и т.п.).

13 Simon and I'll put your suitcases on the rack. Мы с Саймоном положим ваши чемоданы на багажную полку.

Simon and I - Саймон и я, мы с Саймоном (см. прим. 15, урок 19.)

14 Whose is this one? Чей вот этот (чемодан) ?

15 That's Sheila's. Это - Шейлы.

16 Hers is heavy. У неё тяжелый.

hers её См. прим. 12 к этому уроку.

17 Although the tide'll be out, it'll be safe. Хотя будет время отлива, купание будет безопасно.

a although - хотя

б the tide'll be out будет отлив

18 You won't be able to dive off the rocks. Ты не сможешь нырять с камней (букв, со скал, с утесов.)

19 When the tide's in, you'll be able to dive. Ты сможешь нырять время прилива.

when the tide's out - во время отлива

when the tide's in - во время прилива

20 I like diving but I prefer swimming. Я люблю нырять, но я больше люблю плавать. (букв. Я люблю нырять, но я предпочитаю плавание.)

21 When's high tide? Когда прилив?

high tide - высшая точка прилива

22 Low tide was at about nine o'clock this morning. Отлив был сегодня около девяти часов утра.

low tide - низшая точка отлива

23 She likes swimming. She's very good. Она любит плавать. Она очень хорошо плавает.

24 1 like skating and I love ski-ing. Мне нравиться кататься на коньках и я люблю кататься па лыжах.

В этом предложении хорошо видна разница в значении между глаголами to like - любить, нравиться и to love любить. По-русски оба глагола можно перевести словом люблю, но по-английски совершенно ясно, что Саймон больше любит кататься на лыжах, чем на коньках, потому что глагол to love эмоционально выразительнее и сильнее, чем to like.

  1. Ian goes ski-ing, doesn't he? Иan ходит на лыжах, не правда ли ?

  2. to go ski-ing - кататься на лыжах, ходить на лыжах, заниматься лыжами

I go ski-ing every winter. Я каждую зиму катаюсь на лыжах.

I go skating every week. Я катаюсь на коньках каждую неделю. (Я хожу на каток

каждую неделю.)

26 No, neither of them skis but Jane does. Нет, ни один из них нe катается на лыжах, но Джейн катается.

27 We're almost there. Мы почти приехали.

28 Shall we get the luggage down before the train stops? Снимем багаж, пока поезд не остановился ?

29 Are these suitcases ours? Эти чемоданы наши ?

30 These are theirs. Эти - их.

Теперь вы знаете обе формы притяжательных местоимений (см. прим. 12 к этому уроку):

my mine our ours

her hers your - yours

his - his their theirs

EXERCISES

Exercise 1

Examples

No, they are not our suitcases.

Whose are those suitcases? Are they yours?

No, it is not their luggage.

Whose is that luggage? Is it theirs?

        1. No, they are not our suitcases.

        2. No, it is not their luggage.

        3. No, they are not your pound notes.

        4. No, they are not my tickets.

        5. No, it is not his suit.

    1. No, it is not her book.

7 No, they are not my magazines.

8 No, they are not our clothes.

9 No, it is not their table.

10 No, it is not his car.

Exercise 2

Examples

I can't ski.

We're going to Geneva.

You will be able to ski when we go to Geneva.

He can't see the Tower of London.

We'll go to the top of that building.

He will be able to see the Tower of London when we go to the top of that building.

        1. I can't ski.

We're going to Geneva.

        1. He can't see the Tower of London.

We'll go to the top of that building.

        1. They can't find a house they like.

They're coming to Kent.

        1. She can't help you.

She’s finishing her work.

5 I can't remember the song.

You'll listen to it.

6 We can't have another blanket.

You'll ring room service.

7 She can't phone him.

She's coming to the hotel.

8 They can't sunbathe.

It'll be sunny.

Exercise 3

Examples

What do you like doing?

I study.

Do you like studying? Yes, I am always studying.

And your brother?

He reads.

Does he like reading? Yes, he is always reading.

          1. What do you like doing?

I study.

          1. And your brother?

He reads.

          1. And Mary?

She writes letters.

          1. And your father?

He watches television

        1. And Bob?

He goes to football matches.

        1. And Uncle Tom?

He eats.

        1. And Aunt Jane?

She goes to nightclubs.

        1. And the neighbours?

They sit in the garden.

        1. And you and your friends?

We listen to music.

        1. And your teacher?

He talks.

Exercise 4

Examples

Neither of my parents.... have skied/skis/ski

Neither of my parents skis.

Some of my friends... students. is/has been/are

Some of my friends are students.

          1. Neither of my parents… have skied/skis/ski

          2. Some of my friends... students. is/has been/are

          3. ... either of your parents phoned Mary today? has/have/is

          4. ... either of your brothers got red hair? is/has/have

          5. Three of my children ... at the theatre with me. is/are/was

          6. ... any of your friends like sightseeing? does/do/has

          7. ... either of your parents been to a concert? hasn't/haven't/weren't

          8. Neither of the men ... tell us. can/has/had

          9. ... both your parents got grey hair? have/are/has

10 Neither of the houses... very pleasant. was/were/wasn't

Exercise 5

Examples

The house was expensive. We are not in bed yet.

It is late. We have bought it.

Although the house was expensive, we have bought it.

Although it is late, we are not in bed yet.

1 The house was expensive. You will be able to swim.

2 It is late. It never seems long.

3 He did not learn to ski until he was eighteen. He is at university.

4 The tide will be out. We have bought it.

5 It takes an hour. I do not like her.

6 I think she is pretty. They still look young.

7 He does not like studying. We are not in bed yet.

8 They are sixty. I like it.

9 I do, not listen to music very often. We do not know them well.

10 We live next door to the Smiths. He is very good now.