1. Make up word-combinations and give their Ukrainian equivalents:

presidential	branch
legislative	committee
presiding	republic
standing	of the state
head	officer
federal	of office
term	power

2. Find synonyms among the following words and word-combinations: post, judge, to elect, chamber, presiding officer, organ, office, to choose, to nominate, period, justice, head, job, house, to appoint, body.

3. Form words with the same root:

govern, execute, legislate, constitute, elect, law.

4. Complete the following sentences:

1. The USA is ... . 2. The legislative power is vested in ... . 3. The executive branch consists of... . 4. The judicial branch includes .... 5. The Senate is made up of.... 6. There are two major .... 7. Washington is .... 8. The US Supreme Court is ....

5. Translate the following into English:

голова держави, уряд штату, федерація, національний прапор, постійний комітет, виконавча влада, термін повноважень, пре­зидентська республіка, призначати членом кабінету, міністр оборони, державний секретар, міністр фінансів, представник.

6. Ask questions to get the following answers:

1. The Senate and the House of Representatives.

2. The Vice-President.

3. The Speaker.

4. Standing committees.

5. The President.

6. The Supreme Court.

7. Use the following words and phrases in your own sentences:

a federal union, the executive power, to be elected, to consist of, standing committee, to head, political parties, to represent.

8. Speak about the US political system using the following key words and phrases:

The Congress: the legislative power, two chambers, a Senator, a representative, to make laws, the Vice-President, the Speaker, standing committees, once a year.

The Government: the executive branch, the Cabinet, the heads of the executive departments, to put laws into effect, the President, the Vice-President.

The President: to be elected, the head, to appoint judges, to be responsible for, to veto a law, the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces.

The Judiciary: the Supreme Court, district courts, courts of appeal, to protect the rights of people, to interpret, to apply.

9. Discuss the following:

In what way does the Ukrainian political system differ from the US political system?

- the form of the state organization;

- the head of the state;

- three branches of power;

- the number and role of the main political parties.

10. a. George Washington was the most loved statesman in the history of the USA. Read the story about Washington. Then put the events of his life in the correct order:

• farming in Mount Vernon

• work as a surveyor in the wilderness

• marriage

• military mission in the French and Indian War

• a commander-in-chief of the Continental army

• attending the Continental Congress

• president of the republic

• retirement

• attending the Continental Convention

George Washington (1732–1799) won a lasting place in American History as the “Father of our Country”. For nearly twenty years he guided his country much as a father cares for a growing child. Washington lived an exciting life in exciting times. As a boy, he explored the wilderness. When he grew older, he helped the British fight the French and Indians. Many times he was nearly killed. As a general he suffered hardships with his troops in the cold winters. He lost many battles, but led the American Army to the final victory. After he became President, he successfully solved many problems facing his country. Washington belonged to an old colonial family that believed in hard work, in public service and in worshipping God. George Washington was born in Westmoreland county, Virginia, on a farm, on February, 22, 1732. His first American ancestor came to Virginia from England in 1657. Farming, land buying, trading, milling and the iron industry were the means by which the family rose in the world. George’s father, Augustine, had four children by his first wife and six by his second wife, Mary Ball, George’s mother. Of George’s early life little is known. His formal education was slight: no more than 7 or 8 years of school. Men, plantation life and the haunts of river, field, and forest were his principal teachers. His favorite subject was arithmetic. He studied enough history and geography to know something of the outside world. But he never learned very much about literature, foreign languages and history. At the age of 14 he began to work as a surveyor, making many trips into the wilderness areas of Virginia and Pennsylvania. His first military experience came in the French and Indian War (1754–1763), when he was sent on two missions deep into the Ohio county. In 1759 Washington retired to Mount Vernon which he inherited and married Martha Dandridge, a rich widow. He became a loving stepfather to Martha’s two children. He was a progressive farmer of that time. In 1760’s the American colonists grew angrier and angrier at the taxes placed on them by Great Britain. In September 1771 the Continental Congress met, where Washington had his first chance to meet and talk with leaders of other colonies. The members were impressed with his judgement and military knowledge. He was sent to attend the Second Continental Congress (1775) where he was elected a commander-in-chief of the Continental Army. He proved himself a capable commander in the War of Independence. In 1787 Washington was chosen president of the Continental Convention and later elected first president of the republic (1789), followed by reelection (1792). In his two terms he established innumerable precedents in his country’s history. George Washington died after an illness of two days on Dec. 14, 1799. No other American has been honored more than Washington. The nation’s capital, Washington D. C, was named after him. There the Slant Washington Monument stands. The state of Washington is the only state named after President. Many cities, parks, streets, bridges, lakes, and schools bear his name. Washington’s portrait appears on

postage stamps, on the $1 bill, and on the quarter.

B. Comprehension Check which information is true?

1. Washington guided his country for nearly / more than 20 years.

2. He belonged to an English settlers’ / Native Americans’ family.

3. The family rose in the world by military service / hard work.

4. George went to school for 8 /14 years.

5. His father had 6 /10 children by his two wives.

6. At the age of 14 Washington began to work / to serve in the army.

7. He and his wife Martha had two / no children of their own.

8. At the Continental Congress Washington impressed its members with his military / farming knowledge.

9. He was elected a commander-in-chief / the first president in 1789.

10. George Washington died in a battle / after an illness in 1799.

C. Summary

Washington won a lasting __ in American history, He __ an exciting life: explored __ wilderness, fought the French __ Indians, won the War __ Independence, became the first __ of the republic. No __ American has been honored __ than Washington. The capital __ named after him. The __ of Washington is the __ state named after a __ . Many parks, streets, bridges, __ and schools bear his __ . His portraits

are on __ stamps, on the $1 __ .

D. Discussion

What would be an appropriate title of the passage?

Why is Washington’s birthday celebrated nationwide?