Words and phrases

To provide – забезпечувати;

rule – правило;

bill - законопроект; рахунок;

to behave - діяти, поводити себе;

to save – рятувати;

Act of Parliament - закон парламенту;

lawmaker – законодавець;

Royal Assent - королівська санкція;

conservation – збереження;

First Reading - 1-е читання законопроекту в парламенті;

Second Reading - 2-е читання законопроекту в парламенті;

Committee Stage - парламентський пленум, який обговорює деталі законопроекту;

amendment - поправка (до законопроекту);

Report Stage - доповідь про законопроект у парламенті третім читанням;

Third Reading - 3-є читання законопроекту у парламенті;

to accept – приймати;

to reject – відхиляти.

Exercises

1. Fill in the blanks:

1. Every country has its own ....

2. People must obey the national... known as laws.

3. Every year Parliament passes about 100 Laws directly by ma-J king....

4. A new law in the making is called a ....

5. Every Bill must complete certain ... in Parliament before in becomes a new law.

6. Important Bills are usually sponsored by the ....

7. Bills can be introduced into the ... or ....

8. There are two main types of Bills - ... Bills and ... Bills.

9. Once both Houses of Parliament have passed a Bill, then it bz to go to the Queen for the .......

10. Once a Bill has received the Royal Assent it becomes an ....

2. Find words and expressions in the text which mean:

1. the approval by the British Sovereign of a Bill which has passed by both Houses of Parliament;

2. a proposed law - the preliminary version of an Act of Parliament;

3. changes in a rale, document, law, etc.;

4. law or custom which guides or controls behaviour or action.

3. Answer the questions:

1. What is the difference between a Bill and an Act of Parliament?

2. What two types of Bills do you know?

3. What stages should a Bill complete to become an Act?

4. What is the function of the House of Lords in making a law?

5. Which of the two Houses of Parliament has more power?

6. When does a Bill become an Act of Parliament?

4. Complete the following text with the words and expressions from the box. Debates in parliament

Speaker	Defeated	Second Reading
Laws	Agreed	Opinions
National	the House of Commons	Vote
Debates	International	The House of Lords
law-maling	Lord-Chancellor	Woolsack

Both Houses of Parliament share opinions and reach their decisions by means of.... Many hours are spent debating proposed .... These debates can involve matters of... and ... importance. Each year ... alone spends over 1,500 hours debating. Debates in the House of Commons are chaired by the .... All speeches are addressed to the Chairman, the Speaker. When a Member finishes speaking the Speaker decides who should speak next. Only one Member is allowed to stand and speak at any one tune. Members normally speak only once during a debate. There is a time limit on most debates - many debates have to end at 10.00 p.m. At the end of a debate, the House of Commons decides if the motion should be ... or.... If the debate were on the ... of a Bill the Speaker would say «The Question is that the Bill be now read a second time». He or she then invites the two sides to express their... by saying «Aye» or «No». The Speaker listens while the two sides shout out «Aye» and «No». He or she will decide which side sounded more numerous and then say «I think the Ayes (or the Noes) have it». If the other side protests, then there has to be a proper ..M called a Division.

Debates in... are, in many ways, similar to those in the Commons. Many debates in the Lords, like those in the Commons, are concerned with the various stages of.... In the first place there is the position of the .... He is the Speaker of the House of Lords. From his special seat, known as the ..., he presides over debates.