Self-training Exercises

Exercise 1. Answer the following questions.

1. When is the mail brought in your house? 2. When are examination-papers written? 3. What plays by Shakespeare are staged at this theatre? 4. When was the Belarussian State University founded? 5. Where were the last Olympic Games held? 6. When will your meeting be held? 7. Will the article be published before Friday? 8. Will all those who have failed be expelled from, the University? 9. Which article is being translated now? 10. What rule was being explained when you entered the classroom? 10. How many metro stations have been built in Minsk? 11. Are you sure that the new school will have been built by September?

Exercise 2. Transform the sentences from Active into Passive.

1. The speaker stressed the importance of the Congress. 2. This actor will play the part of Hamlet. 3. The students have learnt a lot of new English words. 4. The director himself answered the phone. 5. Somebody recommended me that doctor. 6. They had eaten all the dinner before they finished the conversation. 7. Somebody has locked the box and I cannot open it. 8. Our friends are making special preparations.

Exercise 3. Transform the sentences from Passive into Active.

1. The student was asked to tell the story once again. 2. Moscow is very much admired by the visitors. 3. «King Lear» can be successfully performed by a group of amateurs. 4. The meal is being prepared now. 5. Many valuable paintings were destroyed by the fire. 6. Light and heat is given to us by the sun. 7. The question hasn't been answered properly.

Exercise 4. Fill in each blank with the necessary form of the verb in the Passive Voice.

1. The papers ... just by the dean (to sign). 2. The newspapers ... already by me (to look through). 3. The proposal ... by that time (to discuss). 4. The invitation ... tomorrow (to send). 5. The communique ... by 6 o'clock (to publish). 6. The new plan of the reconstruction of the town ... still (to work out). 7. The treaty ... tomorrow (to sign). 8. I knew that he ... to go out as he was not well (not to allow). 9. He left the hall when the first item of the agenda ... still (to discuss). 10. He could not understand why he ... by nobody for such a long time, (to visit).

Exercise 5. Put questions to the words given in bold type.

1. English is spoken in many countries of the world. 2. The problem has been settled by the signing of the communique. 3. Only the best out of the best are admitted to the University. 4. A lecture will be delivered at 2 o'clock tomorrow. 5. A new rule is being explained now. 6. New underground lines are being built in Minsk. 7. The question of establishing a system of collective security has been raised. 8. Much had been learnt by the end of the term. 9. Many new books are being received by our library. 10. The telegram will have been delivered before they ring him up.

Exercise 6. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian

1. My letter was answered at once. 2. We were joined by a group of our students in the Crimea. 3. These events were followed by a wave of strikes. 4. The lecture was attended by many students. 5. The terms were agreed upon. 6. We hope that an agreement will be arrived at. 7. He was listened to attentively. 8. This problem was not spoken about. 9. The doctor will be sent for at once. 10. This book was often referred to.

Exercise 7. Translate into English,

1. Яке питання зараз обговорюється? — Обговорюється робота нашого наукового гуртка 2. Її можна побачити в бібліотеці кожного дня. 3. Коли буде відкрита нова школа? 4. Мені запропонували нову роботу. 5. За останній час в нашому місті збудовано мало красивих будівель. 6. В цій школі викладається англійська мова. 7. Які краєвиди міста будуть показані туристам? 8. Коли доставили цю телеграму? 9. Які події широко коментуються в пресі?

МОДАЛЬНІ ДІЄСЛОВА ТА ЇХ ЕКВІВАЛЕНТИ.

can			may			must
could (past)			might (past)			—
to be able to			to be allowed			to have to
[equivalent)			to be permitted (equivalent)			(equivalent)
'means
1. ability (уміння, здат-			1. possibility			1. obligation/necessity
ність).			e.g. You may go there by			(обов'язок, необхід-
e.g. I can swim. Я вмію			train. Ви можете діста-			ність)
плавати.			тися туди поїздом.			e.g. You must tell the truth. Ти повинен сказа­ти правду. e.g. It's cold. I must put on my sweater. Холодно. Я мушу одягнути светр.
2. permission (дозвіл)			2. permission (formal)
(informal)			e.g.. May Igo out?
e.g. Can I use your pen?			e.g. You may go out.
e.g. You can use my pen.
3. doubt (сумнів) only in			3. supposition (припу-			3. assumption (припу-
questions and negative			щення з відтінком сум-			щення, що межує з упе-
sentences.			ніву) only in affirmative			вненістю) only in af-
e.g. Can/Could he know			and negative sentences.			firmative sentences.
German? Невже він знає			e.g. He may be waiting			e.g. He must be waiting
німецьку мову?			for you. Можливо він			for you. Він, напевно,
e.g. He can't/couldn't live			чекає тебе.			чекає тебе.
there. He може бути,
що він живе там.
could — лише підсилює
сумнів.
4. request (прохання)			4. request (formal)
(informal)
could			might
1) ability in the past			1) asking permission
2) polite request 3) asking permission more politely				(more formal) 2) reproach (докір) e.g. You might write me a letter. Міг би написати мені листа.
to be to	need				should/ought to				dare
1. obligation	1. necessity				1. advice (saying				1. to have the
(resulting from a	e.g. Your hair				what the best thing				courage to do
previous agree-	needs cutting.				to do is)				something (in
ment, plan, time	Тобі потрібно				e.g. You should				questions and
table etc)	підстригтися.				stop smoking. Тобі				negative sen-
e.g. We are to					слід перестати				tences)
meet at 5 o'clock.					палити.				e.g. How dare you ask me such a question? Як смі­єш питати мене таке?
2. order or in-					2. obligation only
struction					ought to
e.g. The medicine is					e.g. We ought to
to be kept in a cool	—				respect elderly				—
place. Ліки слід					people. Нам слід
зберігати у прохо-					поважати стар-
лодному місці					ших людей.
shall		will						would
1. suggestions, offers		1. predictions, requests						1. polite or formal re-
(informal)		(familiar), offers, warnings.						quests
e.g. Shall I close the		e.g. You will get fat if you						Would you type this let-
window? Зачинити		eat so much. Ти поправиш-						ter, please?
вікно?		ся, якщо будеш так багато їсти.
2. asking for advice		2. shows that thing fails to						2. shows that thing fails
e.g. Shall I tell him the		perform its function (only						to perform its function
truth? Сказати йому		in negative sentences)						(only in negative sen-
правду?		e.g. The knife won't cut.						tences)
		Ніж не ріже.						e.g. The knife wouldn 't cut. Ніж не різав.

SELF TRAINING EXERCISES

1. Change the indirect questions into direct ones.

1.1 wonder if you will be able to help him on Tuesday. 2.1 wonder if they can speak good English. 3.1 wonder why she couldn't buy tickets. 4.1 won­der why we must air the room twice a day. 5.1 wonder where they can be. 6.1 wonder what time you must come to school. 7.1 wonder why she cannot sing now. 8.1 wonder where I must cross the street. 9.1 wonder if he will be able to play football tomorrow. 10.1 wonder who must sell the house.