Министерство образования РФ

Белгородский Государственный Университет

УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЕ ПОСОБИЕ

ПО АСПЕКТУ «ГАЗЕТА» для студентов 5 курса

Составитель:

ст. преп. англ. яз.

Пушкарева О.В.

РГФ

Белгород, 2003

Введение

Предлагаемое учебно-методическое пособие содержит 6 уроков, каждый из которых состоит из аутентичного текста, предтекстовых и послетекстовых упражнений.

Главная цель пособия – обучение работе с газетными текстами и пополнение вокабуляра по наиболее актуальным современным темам.

В пособие включены темы и задания:

I часть:

1. Вооруженные конфликты

2. Терроризм

3. Взятие заложников, похищение людей

4. Природные катаклизмы, происшествия

5. Защита окружающей среды

6. Выборы

II часть:

1. Исследование и использование космического пространства

2. Глобализация экономики и торговли

3. Изменение климата

4. Расизм

5. Расширение Евросоюза и НАТО

6. Социальная политика государств

Задания:

1. Обсуждение проблемы, затронутой в статье

2. Ознакомительное чтение текста и проверка его понимания

3. Ответы на вопросы по содержанию статьи

4. Объяснение значения новых слов

5. Подстановка новых слов в предложения

6. Передача содержания статьи по плану

7. Перевод с русского на английский с учетом грамматических явлений, встретившихся в статье

8. Ролевая игра, интервью по теме

Список источников:

1. The Times, 2001

2. Reuters, 2001

3. The Moscow Times, 2001

4. Longman Active Study Dictionary of English, UK, 1998

5. Economist, 2001

6. Moscow News, 2000

PART I

UNIT I ARMED CONFLICTS

I. Pre-reading tasks

a) Before reading the article study the meanings of the following words and phrases on the topic.

1. territorial disputes

2. border conflicts

3. to beef up (tighten, step up) border security

4. to set up a buffer (security, sanitary) zone

5. to wage war against a country

6. to launch a counter-terrorist operation

7. an incursion into

8. escalation of hostilities ; an upsurge of fighting, (violence)

9. a stand-off

10. pockets of resistance

11. to deploy troops

12. to withdraw (pull out) troops

13. disproportionate use of force

14. to introduce martial law

15. to declare a state of emergency

16. to impose (to lift) curfew

17. warlords , war-time leaders

18. to conclude (to declare ) a cease-fire; to be on cease-fire

19. to continue attacks beyond the cease-fire deadline

20. fighters, gunmen, rebels , guerrillas

21. to amass large numbers of troops on both sides of the border

22. to shell each other's positions with mortar fire

23. to use state-of-the-art weapons

24. to take (suffer, sustain) heavy casualties ; to inflict casualties

25. to call for national reconciliation

26. to hand in (over) weapons ; to surrender weapons

b) Discuss the following points. Make use of the vocabulary listed above:

1. What is the nature of conflicts in present day world?

(economic, political, territorial, religious, ethnic, criminal)

2. What hot spots on the map of the world these days can you point out? Do they pose a lot of danger to the rest of the world? Do they cause a lot of concern among the members of the world community?

3. How prominent is the role of international organizations, political and military unions in resolving local conflicts?

4. Do you think the number of conflicts will lessen or increase in the 21-st century? What can one do on a personal level to decrease their number?

II. Reading

1. Read the article through quickly. Try not to use a dictionary.

The Times 05. 03. 2001

Frontier Killings Take Macedonia Closer to War.

From Richard Beeston in Belgrade

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia was put on a war footing last night after three soldiers were killed by Albanian separatists and the army responded by shelling suspected guerrilla positions and sealing off the border with Kosovo.

In the worst single day of violence since a border village was seized by gunmen two weeks ago, two soldiers serving in Macedonia's tiny army were killed when their car drove over a landmine and another was shot dead by an Albanian sniper operating along the mountainous frontier region.

"The situation is extremely serious," a senior NATO officer in Skopje said yesterday, as President Trajkovski held emergency meetings with military advisers and ambassadors from NATO countries.

"The army has already responded by firing mortar rounds at the gunmen and is considering issuing an ultimatum for the rebels to leave or face being driven out."

The flashpoint is the village of Tanusevci, which sits on the Macedonia-Kosovo border and whose Albanian population has traditionally had closer links with Kosovo than Macedonia. The village was seized by members of a new rebel group calling itself the Albanian National Liberation Army, which seeks to unite the large Albanian minority in Macedonia with their brethren in Kosovo.

About 30 per cent of Macedonia is ethnic Albanian. The population is centered largely on the western half of the country near the Kosovo border. Most Albanian Macedonians have close cultural and family ties with Kosovo.

However the majorities of Macedonians are much more closely linked by language and shared Orthodox religion to the Serbs, the Albanians' traditional enemies.

The country is vulnerable to outside interference of the kind being undertaken by Albanians operating from Kosovo, who are able to draw on the disbanded Kosovo Liberation Army for funds, weapons and recruits.

The Macedonian Army is only 12,000-strong, with about 2,000 professional troops, who could, if ordered, retake Tanusevci and drive the rebels out of the border area, an option that was being considered last night. However, most of the country's combat troops are Macedonians and if they are seen to kill Albanians and force refugees to flee into Kosovo, it would surely provoke a violent backlash from among the 500,000-strong Albanian population in Macedonia and from Albanians on the Kosovo side of the border.

Yesterday Hamdi Hasani, Mayor of the Albanian Kosovo border village of Debele, directly opposite Tanusevci, described the fighting as "a real war" and said that unless NATO forces intervened "villagers would have to defend themselves."

2. General comprehension.

What is the article about? More than one of these statements can be suitable:

1. ethnic clashes between Macedonians and Albanians within Macedonia;

2. responsibility of the NATO countries for the conflict;

3. Attacks of Albanian separatists on a border village;

4. decision of the Macedonian Army to drive the rebels out;

5. ethnic composition of Macedonia.

3. Detailed comprehension.

Read the article thoroughly a second time for details and answer the questions:

1. What event put Macedonia on a war footing?

2. How did the Macedonian Army respond to the challenge?

3. Were there any casualties reported on either side?

4. What was the reaction of the NATO-member countries to an outbreak of violence in Macedonia?

5. What makes Macedonia so vulnerable to outside interference?

6. Why does the Macedonian Army have to be very careful with its response?