2. Дайте відповідь на запитання:

1. Who proposed a new generating method for cutting gear teeth?

2. What material became the most popular for machine gears until about 1890?

3. When did steel castings come into general use?

4. What gave an impetus to the further development of mechanics?

3. Визначте вірне речення чи невірне згідно змісту тексту.

1. Many machine parts could be made now with an accuracy never reached before.

2. Cast irons became the most popular material for machine gears until about 1790.

3. Eminent engineers continued in their efforts to find the best shape for gear teeth

4. In1952 a new generating method for cutting gear teeth was proposed by two English engineers Robert Willis and Edward Sang.

5. More precise woodwork and metalwork was made possible through the improvements of the lathe.

4. Перекладіть наступні речення з англійської мови на українську, звертаючи увагу на вживання інфінітиву.

1. They are supposed to begin their research in a few days.

2. We know the project of the channel Tunnel to be worked out by researchers of Great Britain,

3. The train is announced to be late an hour and a half.

4. Oil is known to be lighter than water.

5. We heard the channel Tunnel be nearly 52 km long.

5. Перекладіть наступні речення з української мови на англійську, звертаючи увагу на зворот there + be.

1. Чи є поштове відділення на цій вулиці? - Ні.

2. У вашому диктанті немає помилок.

3. Пароплав не вийшов учора з порту, оскільки була буря.

4. Коли буде потяг на Київ?

5. Чи є іноземні книги в цій бібліотеці? - Так.

6. Оберіть вірний варіант.

1. Pete … to the office every day.

a) don’t go b) go not

c) doesn’t go d) not go

2. She …,”It’s late”.

a) say b) saying

c) sais d) says

3. They …for the trolley-bus.

a) was waiting b) were waited

c) was waited d) were waiting

4. Mrs Smith… once a week.

a) shopped b) was going shopping

c) went shopping d) gone shopping

5. The porter said he …take the luggage upstairs.

a) want b) wanted

c) won’t d) had wanted

7. Утворіть форми Participle I та Participle II від наступних дієслів.

To forget

To get

To give

To like

To call

ВАРІАНТ 9

1. Прочитайте та перекладіть українською мовою, перепишіть та письмово перекладіть весь текст.

The history of engineering is closely connected to that of various field in which it is practiced. Although there are about 50 at least clearly defined specialities in engineering today and their number continues to grow, most of them are derived from the few so- called classical branches: civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical, or chemical engineering.

Thus engineering may be classified as a highly specialized business involved in almost every sphere of production and research and requiring a clear understanding of many different branches of knowledge.

Engineering is a profession in which knowledge of mathematics and natural sciences and natural sciences gained by study, experience and practice is applied to find ways to utilize economically the materials and forces of nature for social needs.

Engineering is sometimes called as applied science. Both deal with the things as they are, and not with theories and underlying principles. But without great advances of science during the last two centuries modern engineering would have been impossible.

The demand for engineered goods and services has made engineering one of the most important of all professions. Engineering is responsible for almost all the material benefits available to man. Through machine and technology it has improved his living and working conditions. It has given him more leisure. It has also greatly improved the quality and the usefulness of the things he is surrounded by: automobiles, refrigerators, washing machines, computers and the like.

Engineering is practiced in almost every field of man`s activity, the job opportunities, therefore, are diverse and wide- ranging: mining, metallurgy, transport, communication, medicine, agriculture, education, power generation, construction, etc.

Engineering did not begin with any people or any definite period, it is as old as civilization and may be traced to the early times when the word engineer was applied to persons who built irrigation canals, bridges, dams, palaces and other works of public utility. In later times engineers became active in military operations where they were responsible for building fortifications, roads or war machines. The advances in science, the emergence of new materials and technologies enabled engineers to become sophisticated and the profession grew in importance.