Дополнительная литература

Соколова, М.А. Практическая фонетика английского языка: Учеб. для студентов высш. учеб. заведений /М. А. Соколова, К.П. Гинтовт, Л.А. Кантер и др. – М.: Гуманитарный издательский центр ВЛАДОС, 2003. – С. 228-237.

A. Think about the following questions for class discussion.

• Can you give any examples of the meanings of prosody which are of a general character?

• Do the meanings of prosody correlate which the meanings of words and grammatical structures?

• What basic functions does the prosody of the utterance perform?

• Which of the functions of prosody is significant for differentiating phonetic styles?

• Define (name) the phonostylistic parameters relevant to singling out phonostyles. What prosodic features (markers) are they represented by?

• What term is used to denote the style-forming intonation patterns (phonostylistic characteristics) common to all the registers (varieties) of a particular style?

• What is the choice of a phonetic style in the process of communication determined by?

• Why is the informational style viewed as formal or neutral?

• What spheres of discourse is the informational style manifested in? What speech typology is involved in this case? What about the degree of speech preparedness, the character of participants’ relationship and their number?

• Compare the invariant of phonostylistic characteristics of the reading of informational educational descriptive texts with the invariant of phonostylistic features common to the reading of news programmes (bulletins).

• In what way can this phonetic style be used in class?

B. Select examples from tape-recordings to illustrate

a) the communicative function of intonation (prosody);

b) the modal (attitudinal) function of prosody;

c) the accentual function of prosodic patterns;

d) the stylistic function of intonation;

e) the role of prosody in modifying the basic meanings of the words in an utterance.

B. Single out and compare the phonostylistic features characteristic of the following varieties (registers) of the informational style:

a) a broadcast talk

His work as a caricaturist is that in witch he most delighted – it was never a matter of formal training or set purpose with him. It began with marginal sketches in his school and college notebooks.

b) the reading of a number of news items on the radio.

1. Britain’s trade balance was in the red by a hundred and ninety three million pounds last month.

2. The forecasters say that much of England and Wales will be cloudy and wet.

3. Autumn seems to be arriving a little early this year and so the season of fogs will soon be with us.

4. The building employers and the Unions are still meeting.

5. Shares have been falling on the London stock market.

6. The Bank of England is accused of dictating terms to the Government.

(Brown, G. Listening to Spoken

English, 1984, p. 86)

Семинар 6.

Phonostylistic Characteristics of the Academic Style

Informal Conversational English

1. The spheres of communication in which the academic style is realized.

2. The prosodic features of the academic style.

3. Informal conversational English as opposed to written English read aloud.

4. Segmental and prosodic features as markers of informality in conversational style.