Vocabulary

(2) to give a reason for something

account for to give a satisfactory explanation of something
clarify to make something clearer and easier to understand
elucidate (formal) to explain something that is difficult to understand very clearly by providing more information
spell out to explain something clearly and in detail
clear up (1) to find the whole explanation for something that is strange and hard to understand, such as a crime

(2) to make sure that everyone involved in something understands all the facts and agrees, so that there will be no problems

interpret | construe (formal) to understand or explain the meaning of something in a particular way
attribute to | ascribe to (formal) | put/set down to to explain the reason for something, especially when you are only guessing

Invitation

	= Mr Jones: Would you like to go to the theatre?
	Ms Smith: I’d like to very much.
	= Mr Jones invited Ms Smith to the theatre and she readily accepted the invitation.
	Mr Jones asked Ms Smith out to the theatre and she said (that) she would go most willingly.
	= John: Would you like to come and have dinner with us?
	Rose: If you’d like me to.
	= John invited Rose to have dinner with them. Rose accepted the invitation but was not enthusiastic about it.
	John invited Rose to have dinner with them. Rose was not willing to go but accepted the invitation.
	= John: Do you feel like going for a picnic?
	Kate: I wish I could, but I have a splitting headache.
	= John invited Kate to go on a picnic but she pleaded a splitting headache.
	John invited Kate to go on a picnic but she declined the invitation.

Patterns

Invitations are reported as follows.

John invited/asked Mary (out) to dinner/the theatre.
John invited/asked Mary out.
John invited/asked Mary over/round (to his place) (for coffee).
John invited Mary to have dinner with him.
John received/got an invitation	to the party. to attend the reception.
John sent/extended an invitation to the Mayor.

Invitations are either accepted or refused. Acceptance is reported in the following way.

Mary (readily) accepted his invitation.
Mary accepted his invitation most willingly.
Mary said (that)	she would like to come very much. she would come most willingly. she would be happy to come.
Mary caught / clutched / grabbed / jumped / snapped / snatched at his invitation.
Mary was not willing to go but accepted the invitation.
After some hesitation Mary accepted the invitation.
Mary accepted the invitation but was not enthusiastic about it.

Refusal is reported in the way illustrated below.

Mary refused/declined/spurned his invitation.
Mary refused absolutely / categorically / completely / outright / point-blank to go to the theatre.
Mary absolutely / emphatically / flatly / positively refused the invitation.
Mary gave an emphatic / flat / outright / point-blank / positive refusal.
Mary declined his invitation pleading a splitting headache/ urgent work.
Mary pleaded a splitting headache/urgent work.

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