Неличные формы глагола

FORMS OF THE INFINITIVE

Формы инфинитива

	Active	Passive
Indefinite	to go to take	to be taken
Continuous	to be going to be taking
Perfect	to have gone to have taken	t o have been taken
Perfect Cont.	to have been going to have been taking

FORMS OF THE GERUND

Формы герундия

	Active	Passive
Indefinite	writing	being written
Perfect	having written	having been written

FORMS OF THE PARTICIPLE I

Формы причастия

	Active	Passive
Indefinite	writing	being written
Perfect	having written	having been written

THE USE OF THE BARE INFINITIVE

Использование инфинитива без to

Words / phrases followed by a bare infinitive	Examples
Auxiliaries: do, will, would	I don’t like rock music. I will call you tomorrow. When a child I would go to the park with my mum.
Modals: can, may, must, need, should, would, will, shall	I can go there right now. You should be careful. Would you like a cup of coffee?
Modal expressions: had better, would rather, would sooner	She would sooner die than come back. You’d better leave me alone! I’d rather go to bed.
Complex object: after see, watch, observe, notice, hear, feel	I felt somebody touch me. He heard the door open. I saw him come into the room.
Verbs of inducement: let, make, have (*only in the active)	Let me tell you something. Don’t make me cry. I’ll have Hudson show you into your room.
But-phrases: cannot but, do anything but, do nothing but, couldn’t but	Did you do anything but ask questions? They did nothing but listen to him.
Comparative formulas	I think he does little more than come at work, give instructions and go home.
Why-sentences	Why wait until then? Why not begin at once?
All + be + bare inf. What + be + bare inf.	All he did was open the door. What we need is buy a new flat.
Subjunctive mood	I suggested that she give up driving. I demand that all the birds be loosed. The rules require that you come to work at 8. He’s proposed that I become his partner. I recommend that you buy a more powerful computer.

VERBS FOLLOWED BY THE GERUND OR THE INFINITIVE WITH CHANGE IN THEIR MEANING

ГЛАГОЛЫ, УПОТРЕБЛЯЮЩИЕСЯ С ГЕРУНДИЕМ ИЛИ ИНФИНИТИВОМ С ИЗМЕНЕНИЕМ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ

Verbs	+ Gerund	+ Infinitive
begin, start	процесс: It started drizzling.	a) inf – гл. умств. деят. и чувств: I began to feel cold. b) подлеж. – неодуш. сущ.: The barometer began to fall. c) после времен Continuous: It’s starting to snow.
go on	продолжение той же деятельности: They went on laughing.	смена деятельность в ходе процесса: After discussing the exams they went on to talk about the party.
stop	завершение процесса: She stopped crying and smiled.	с инфинитивом цели («чтобы»): He stopped to smoke.
like	«нравиться» (о привычке): I like cooking.	a) «считать полезным / нужным»: I like to get up early. b) о чем-то конкретном: I like to swim in this lake.
loathe (не выносить)	в общем: I loathe travelling by air.	в частности: I loathe to have to do this dirty work.
hate	«ненавидеть»: I hate going by public transport.	«сожалеть» (в извинениях): I hate to trouble you, but I have to tell you something unpleasant.
remember	«вспоминать» о прошлом: I remember seeing you somewhere.	«вспоминать» = «не забыть»: He remembered to post the letter.
forget	«забыть» = «не помнить»: He forgot calling me but I reminded him.	«забыть» = «не сделать»: Don’t forget to call me tomorrow.
regret	«сожалеть» о прошлых действиях: I regret saying that you were mistaken.	«к сожалению» (в извинениях): I regret to tell you that your wife died.
try	«пробовать»: Try jogging in the morning, it might help.	«пытаться» (прилагать усилия): Try to get here by noon.
prefer	в общем (привычка): I prefer walking to cycling.	частный случай: I prefer to wait here.
mean	«значить»: Being a parent means feeling responsible.	«намереваться», «хотеть»: She means to buy a new car soon.
be afraid of	«бояться», т. к. может случиться что-то плохое: I don’t like dogs. I’m afraid of being bitten.	не хотеть что-то делать, т. к. это опасно или неприятно: He was afraid to go to the police as he knew they would hold him.
consider	«размышлять»: I consider going to Greece.	«считать»: I consider him to be clever.
remind	+of: напоминать о чем-то прошлом: She reminded me of missing the date.	напомнить ч.-л. сделать: She reminded me to feed the dog.
want	«надо ч.-т. сделать»: The windows want cleaning.	«хотеть»: I want to sleep.
recommend	без объекта: I recommend drinking it.	с объектом: I recommend her to drink it.

COMPLEX SUBJECT