Косвенные вопросы

NB! При переводе любого вопроса в косвенную речь порядок слов становится прямым (подлежащее + сказуемое).

Общий вопрос	Специальный вопрос
“Do you go to school?” She asked me if I went to school.	“Where do you live?” I asked him where he lived.

REPORTED COMMANDS AND REQUESTS

Косвенные приказания и просьбы

Без отрицания:	С отрицанием:
“Open the door,” he said. He told me to open the door.	“Don’t open the door,” he said. He told me not to open the door.

REPORTING VERBS

Глаголы, используемые для передачи косвенной речи

Say (said) используется либо без дополнения, либо с предлогом to и дополнением (обычно только при введении прямой речи): He said we must come in the morning; ‘Don’t cry,’ he said to her.

После tell (told) всегда используется прямое дополнение (без предлога): He told us we must come in the morning.

Помимо этих двух глаголов, существуют много других, которые помогают более четко выразить смысл высказывания.

reporting verb	translation	direct speech	reported speech
1. V + inf
agree	соглашаться	‘OK, I’ll do it.’	He agreed to do it.
claim	заявлять	‘I know him.’	She claimed to know him.
demand	требовать	‘Let me go.’	He demanded to let him go.
offer	предлагать	‘I’ll give you a lift.’	She offered to give me a lift.
promise	обещать	‘I’ll pay you back.’	He promised to pay me back.
refuse	отказываться	‘No, we won’t do it.’	We refused to do it.
threaten	угрожать	‘I’ll tell mom.’	She threatened to tell mom.
2. V + smb + inf
advise	советовать	‘You should sleep more.’	She advised me to sleep more.
allow	позволять	‘You can go now.’	She allowed me to go.
beg	умолять	‘Please, help me.’	I begged to help me.
command	приказывать	‘Stand up!’	He commanded to stand up.
forbid	запрещать	‘Don’t go there.’	He forbade us to go…
invite	приглашать	‘Will you come to the party?’	She invited me to the party.
order	приказывать	‘Go to your room.’	He ordered me to go…
remind	напоминать	‘Don’t forget to call me.’	He reminded me to call him.
warn	предупреждать	‘Don’t touch it.’	I warned her not to touch…
3. V + ing
accuse (of)	обвинять	‘You killed him!’	She accused me of killing him.
admit	признавать(ся)	‘I’ve told her.’	He admitted telling her.
apologize (for)	извиняться	‘I’m sorry I’m late.’	He apologized for being late.
boast (about / of)	хвастать	‘I’m the smartest!’	He boasted of being the smartest.
complain (of)	жаловаться	‘I’m having a headache.’	She complained of having…
confess (to)	признаваться	‘I took the money.’	He confessed to taking…
deny	отрицать	‘I don’t know her!’	He denied knowing her.
forbid (from)	запрещать	‘Don’t come in.’	He forbade me from coming in.
insist on	настаивать	‘I will pay.’	He insisted on his paying.
suggest	предлагать	‘Let’s go out.’	They suggested going out.

THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD