- •1. Theory:
- •The conditional mood Forms:
- •The use of the Conditional Mood:
- •Subjunctive II Forms:
- •The use of Subjunctive II:
- •The suppositional mood Forms:
- •The use of the Suppositional Mood:
- •Subjunctive I Forms
- •The use of Subjunctive I:
- •2. Practice:
- •1. Define the form of Subjunctive mood and type of sentence (simple or complex):
- •2. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form of the Subjunctive Mood:
- •3. Paraphrase the following sentences using the Subjunctive Mood:
- •4. Define whether it is the Second or Third Conditional? Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •5. Make sentences of unreal condition out of the following sentences:
- •6. Translate into English using the Subjunctive Mood:
- •3. Homework:
- •Insert the correct form of the verbs on brackets:
1. Theory:
MOOD expresses the character of connections between the action denoted by the verb and actual reality – it shows if the action real or unreal.
The Indicative mood expresses facts ( the speaker represents the action as a real fact). Verbs in the Indicative mood have tense, aspect, voice.
He phoned an hour ago that he was starting at once.
The Imperative mood expresses the will of the speaker in the form of commands and requests.
The Conditional mood expresses the unreal action the unreality of which is because of the absence of the necessary conditions.
If I were free I would go for a walk.
Subjunctive II represents the action as contrary to reality.
Oh, I wish I had never seen him.
The Suppositional mood represents the action as problematic but not contradicting to reality (as desirable, suggested, supposed).
It was better that she should go to Madam Donovan.
Subjunctive I is close to the suppositional mood in its meaning but is mostly used in the language of official documents and the American variant of English.
God save the Queen.
NOTE: If it's necessary to use a modal verb, we use it instead of the auxiliary verb.
The conditional mood Forms:
I. would + the simple inf. - the non-perfect form - refers the action to the present or the future, i.e. expresses simultaneousness.
II. would + the perfect inf. - the perfect form - refers the action to the past, i.e. expresses priority.
The use of the Conditional Mood:
|
The usage |
The example |
1. |
In the principal part of sentences with adverbial clauses of unreal condition and concession introduced by if, even if (conditional sentences of the 2nd (for present and future), 3rd (for past) types ).
|
If I were you I would go there at once. Even if you had gone to the park, you wouldn’t have seen the singer. |
2. |
In simple sentences when the condition may be implied by the context.
|
I’d like you to make friends with Nick. It would be nice for you. |
3. |
In simple sentences after the combination but for (если бы не)
|
But for the rain they would have tidied up the garden. |
4. |
In sentences and clauses after the conjunctive adverb otherwise. |
We were lucky to have fine weather otherwise we would have stayed at home. |
Subjunctive II Forms:
I. Past Simple (were, went) - the non - perfect form - refers the action to the present or the future, i.e. expresses simultaneousness.
II. Past Perfect (had been/gone) - the perfect form - refers the action to the past (when the action is not fulfilled), i.e. expresses priority.
The use of Subjunctive II:
|
The usage |
The example |
1. |
In adverbial clauses of unreal condition and concession after the conjunctions if, on condition, in case, and of concession after even if, even though. |
I'd do it at once if I were you. Even though he were free, he wouldn't go with us. |
2. |
In object clauses after the verb to wish to express an unreal desired action or pity. |
I wish I could skate (present and future) I wish you had come to the party. (past) I wish you would stop listening to that terrible music. (expressing annoyance or future) |
3. |
In exclamatory sentences to express a wish which cannot be fulfilled after if only, oh, if. |
If only I did it! If only he had given me a chance! Oh, if I were you! |
4. |
In adverbial clauses of comparison after the conjunctions as if, as though |
He smiled as if he were amused by my joke. |
5. |
In the predicative clauses after link verbs – be, seem, look, become, grow, look, feel, sound, etc. |
It seemed as though the silence of the night were getting on her nerves (present) You look as if you had not slept (past)
|
6. |
After the expressions it’s time, it’s high time. |
It’s time he were here. It’s time he arrived (present and future). Isn't it time the children switched off TV and went to bed? |
7. |
In simple sentences to express a) advice had better (not) b) preference would rather (sooner), would be better |
a) It's getting dark. You had better switch on the light. b) I would rather (sooner) stay at home (present and future) c) I would rather (sooner) have stayed at home (past) d) I would rather she weren't late (present and future) e) I would rather she hadn't been late (past)
|