III. Agree or disagree with the statements:

1. Tax is a compulsory charge imposed upon persons and businesses for public purposes.

2. Fee is a payment for import, export, manufacture or sale of goods, customs duties, for transfer of property or for legal recognition of documents.

3. Duty is known as a payment for the services of a professional man.

4. Payment is a paying for work, services or goods bought.

5. In general, there are two kinds of taxes, direct and indirect.

6. The property tax, income tax and inheritance tax are direct.

7. A direct tax is one that can be shifted from the person upon whom it is levied to somebody else.

8. An indirect tax is a charge on the price of goods sold.

9. The income tax is progressive in character, which means that the rate is higher on the higher incomes.

10. Value added tax is a tax on the annual income of individuals, which is at a progressive rate.

IV. Answer the questions:

1. What terms do you know obligatory payments to the state?

2. What percentage of people’s incomes is paid in direct or indirect taxes?

3. What is the difference between direct and indirect taxes?

4. What taxes form the group of indirect taxes?

5. How can you explain the notion “elastic tax”?

V. Match the first part of the sentence (1-5) with the second one (a-e).

1	An indirect tax is one	a	upon whom it is levied to somebody else.
2	A direct tax is one that cannot be shifted from the person	b	that may be shifted from the person upon whom it is levied.
3	In general, there are two kinds of taxes,	c	for obligatory payments to the state.
4	Many persons today pay from 25 to 50 percent of their incomes	d	direct and indirect.
5	There are different terms	e	in direct or indirect taxes.

VI. Make up a plan of the text. What are the similar attributes of taxes in ukrainian tax system?

I. Read and memorize the following words:

can be united - можуть бути об’єднані

similar attributes - подібні ознаки

profits of enterprises - прибуток підприємств

personal income tax - особистий прибутковий податок

owners of transport facilities - власники транспортних засобів

tenant – орендар

II. Read and translate the text.

In Ukraine, as well as in other countries, there are many different types of taxes. They have different names, but all of them can be united in some kinds by similar attributes. First of all, there is a number of taxes which amounts depend on the values of the received profits. For example, in Ukraine there is the tax on profits of enterprises. Each enterprise is established by the law to pay 30 % from the received profit (in this case 30 % is the tax rate, and the profit is the taxation object). It is planned to decrease the profit tax rate by 25 %. Citizens also pay the similar tax (but with other interest) depending on the amounts of profits. It is called personal income tax. It is kept also from the wages which are the profit of citizens. These taxes depend directly on the profit amount as they are established according to its percentage. Besides they are paid to the state by that citizen or the enterprise which receive profit. These taxes have the direct relation to a certain person. Taxes which are established directly for the certain persons and depend on the amounts of incomes or property of these persons are called direct taxes.

In Ukraine such taxes depend on the amounts of incomes: tax on profits of enterprises, personal income tax. The tax from owners of transport facilities (those citizens and enterprises who own, for example, automobiles pay it), payment for land (owners and tenants of the land areas pay it) depend on the possessed property in our country.