9. Упростите следующие формулы, используя законы склеивания:
а) 
б) 
1) b*c
2) a
10. Упростите следующие формулы, используя законы поглощения:
а) 
б) 
1) a
2) a*b
11. Постройте таблицы истинности для логических формул и упростите формулы, используя законы алгебры логики:
а) 
Переменные |
Промежуточные логические формулы |
Формула |
|||||||||||
a |
b |
c |
|
|
a· |
b· |
a˅ |
a· ˅c |
(a˅ )·c |
a· ˅c·(b˅ ) |
a· ˅c·(b˅ )˅(a˅ )·c |
||
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
||
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
||
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||
б) 
Переменные |
Промежуточные логические формулы |
Формула |
|||||||
a |
b |
c |
|
|
b˅ |
·b |
a·(b˅ ) |
|
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
в) 
Переменные |
Промежуточные логические формулы |
Формула |
||||||||||||
a |
b |
c |
|
|
|
˅c |
˅ |
b˅ |
|
˅c · ˅ |
b˅ · ˅ |
|
||
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
||
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
||
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
||
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
||
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
˅
г)
Переменные |
Промежуточные логические формулы |
Формула |
|||||||||||
a |
b |
c |
d |
|
|
a·b |
a· |
·d |
a·b·c |
a· ·c |
a·b· ·d |
|
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
д) 
Переменные |
Промежуточные логические формулы |
Формула |
|||||||||||||
a |
b |
c |
d |
|
|
|
·c |
·c·d |
· |
· |
· ·d |
a˅b |
|
||
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
||
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
е) 
Переменные |
Промежуточные логические формулы |
Формула |
|||||||||||||
a |
b |
c |
d |
|
|
|
· |
· ·c |
· · |
·b |
·b·c |
a˅d |
|
||
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
||
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
ж) 
Перемен. |
Промежуточные логические формулы |
Формула |
|||||||||||||
a |
b |
c |
d |
|
|
|
· |
· · |
· |
·b· |
a· |
a· · |
·b· |
|
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
з) 
Перем. |
Промежуточные логические формулы |
Формула |
||||||||||||||||
a |
b |
c |
d |
|
|
|
a·b |
c·d |
a·b·c |
a·b· |
a· |
a· ·c·d |
c· |
a·b·c· |
a·b·c·d |
|
||
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
||
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
||
и) 
Перем. |
Промежуточные логические формулы |
Формула |
||||||||||||
a |
b |
c |
d |
|
|
a·d |
·d |
a· |
·b |
a·d· |
a·b· ·d |
·b· |
|
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
а) a v c;
б) 
;
в) 
; г) a
v c;
д) a•(c v b•d);
е) 
;
ж) 
;
з) 
;
и) a•(b v c•d);
к)
12. При составлении расписания на пятницу были высказаны пожелания, чтобы информатика была первым или вторым уроком, физика — первым или третьим, история — вторым или третьим. Можно ли удовлетворить одновременно все высказанные пожелания?
2 варианта: а) первый урок – информатика, второй – история, третий – физика; б) первый урок – физика, второй – информатика, третий – история.
13. Виновник ночного дорожно-транспортного происшествия скрылся с места аварии. Первый из опрошенных свидетелей сказал работникам ГИБДД, что это были “Toyota”, первая цифра номера машины — единица. Второй свидетель сказал, что машина была марки “KIA”, а номер начинался с семёрки. Третий свидетель заявил, что машина была российская, номер начинался не с единицы. При дальнейшем расследовании выяснилось, что каждый из свидетелей правильно указал либо только марку машины, либо только первую цифру номера. Какой марки была машина и с какой цифры начинался номер?
“Toyota” номер начинается с 7