
- •Contents
- •Передмова
- •Unit 1.
- •Chemical reaction of combustion
- •2) Translate the following words, having the same root.
- •2) Fill in the gaps with one of the synonyms: soluble, instant, diluted, dissolved.
- •3) Group antonyms in pairs.
- •2. Give definitions of such terms: fire, class a, b, c, d fires, fire gases, flame, heat, smoke, smothering.
- •3. Write the annotation to the text.
- •4. Compare the classifications of fires in Ukraine and the usa.
- •2) Paraphrase the following word combinations using possessive case. Make up sentences using them.
- •Listening comprehension exercises
- •Additional exercises
- •Engagement and marriage
- •2) Match the following adjectives with their antonyms.
- •Unit 2.
- •Fire service ladders
- •2) Translate the following words having the same root.
- •2) Fill in the gaps with one of the synonyms: moist, wet, damp, humid.
- •3) Group antonyms in pairs.
- •2. Give definitions of such terms: straight ladder, aerial ladder, roof ladder, extension ladder.
- •3. Write the annotation to the text.
- •4. Compare the types of ladders used in Ukraine and the usa.
- •2) Fill in the gaps with reflexive pronouns.
- •2) Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the word in brackets.
- •3) Translate the sentences.
- •Listening comprehension exercises
- •Additional exercises
- •Oxbridge
- •2) Recommend some ways for improving your English outside classes.
- •Unit 3.
- •Fire hoses
- •2) Translate the following words, having the same root.
- •2) Fill in the gaps with one of the synonyms: lasting, durable, permanent.
- •3) Group antonyms in pairs.
- •2. Give definitions of such terms: hose, mechanical injury.
- •3. Write the annotation to the text.
- •4. Describe the main characteristics of fire hoses.
- •Listening comprehension exercises
- •Additional exercises
- •At the interview
- •2) Read the list of lobs and professions and sort them out in two columns: the jobs I’d like to do and the jobs I wouldn’t like to do. Give reasons why.
- •Unit 4.
- •Personal protection of firefighters
- •2) Translate the following words having the same root.
- •2) Fill in the gaps with one of the synonyms: empty, vacant, blank.
- •3) Group antonyms in pairs.
- •Write the annotation to the text.
- •Describe how firefighters protect themselves during rescue operations.
- •Describe what influence heated air, hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide have on human body.
- •Listening comprehension exercises
- •Additional exercises
- •Dieting
- •2) Match the two parts of the sentences.
- •Unit 5.
- •Ventilation
- •2) Translate the following words having the same root.
- •2) Fill in the gaps with one of the synonyms: to escape, to avoid, to elude, to evade.
- •3) Group antonyms in pairs.
- •2. Write the annotation to the text.
- •3. Prove that ventilation is necessary during rescue operations.
- •4. Describe how proper ventilation should be done.
- •Listening comprehension exercises
- •Additional excercises
- •Risk sports
- •Unit 6.
- •Vehicle extrication
- •2) Translate the following words having the same root.
- •2) Fill in the gaps with one of the synonyms: to carry, to bring, to fetch.
- •3) Group antonyms in pairs.
- •2. Write the annotation to the text.
- •3. Describe how life-threatening conditions are stabilized by firefighters.
- •4. Describe how firefighters perform vehicle extrication.
- •Listening comprehension exercises
- •Additional exercises
- •Sources of power
- •Past indefinite tense
- •Неправильні дієслова: таблиця, іі колонка yesterday, the day before yesterday, last, ago
- •The Future Indefinite Tense
- •Tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next, in
- •Continuous tenses
- •Дія як процес
- •Present continuous tense
- •Дія, що відбувається (триває) в момент мовлення або в теперішній період часу, запланована майбутня дія
- •Past continuous tense дія, яка тривала в якийсь момент чи період часу в минулому
- •Future continuous tense дія, яка триватиме в певний момент чи період часу в майбутньому
- •The past perfect tense дія, яка відбулася раніше іншої минулої дії
- •Неправильні дієслова: таблиця, ііi колонка)
- •The future perfect tense дія, яка закінчиться до певного моменту або до початку іншої дії
- •Неправильні дієслова: таблиця, ііi колонка)
- •Passive voice
- •Sequence of tences
- •I. Statements
- •Іі. Questions а) general
- •B) special
- •Direct and indirect speech
- •Infinitive
- •Modal verbs
- •Equivalents of modal verbs
- •Words having several functions
- •That (those)
- •To have
- •Annotation
- •Texts for listening heat transfer
- •Turntable ladders
- •Fire hose couplings
- •The rescue of occupants
- •Visible smoke conditions.
- •Engine and ladder companies
- •Synonyms
- •Business correspondence resume
- •Job application cover letter
- •45 Charlotte Street
- •16 June 2006
- •Information inquiry
- •Reply to information inquiry
- •Request for an appointment
- •Letter of apology
- •Invitation
- •Word-building suffixes nouns
- •Adjectives
- •Adverbs
- •Prefixes
- •Conversational formulas
- •Irregular verbs
- •References
Conversational formulas
to my mind / in my opinion на мою думку
on the one hand / on the other hand з одного боку / з іншого боку
I think / consider / suppose Я думаю, вважаю
to my way of thinking на мій погляд, як я гадаю
I mean Я маю на увазі …
to tell the truth правду кажучи
I would like to say a few words Я хотів би сказати декілька слів
as a matter of fact насправді
I agree / I disagree Я погоджуюсь / не погоджуюсь
I have another point of view У мене інша точка зору.
I think otherwise Я думаю інакше
in other words іншими словами
to put it in another way інакше кажучи
otherwise інакше
in consideration of зважаючи на
as a rule як правило
as for me щодо мене
as far as I know наскільки мені відомо
on the whole в цілому
initially / firstly спочатку
to begin / to start with спочатку
first of all / at first / first перш за все / спочатку
above all things насамперед
secondly / afterwards по-друге
as I have said як я вже казав
with respect to щодо чогось
with reference to стосовно чогось
concerning / regarding стосуючись …
with the aim of з метою
to sum up підбити підсумки
in summary підводячи підсумки
finally на закінчення, зрештою, остаточно
in the end в кінці
at last нарешті
last but not least останній, але не менш важливий
in conclusion на закінчення
after all зрештою
besides / in addition крім того
moreover до того ж, крім того
on the contrary навпаки
instead of замість
at the same time в той же час
in the same way / similarly так само / подібно, таким же чином
in particular / particularly / especially особливо, зокрема
for example / for instance наприклад
therefore тому, отже
as a result в результаті, мати результатом
consequently отже, тому, в результаті
owing to / due to завдяки
however однак
but але
although хоча
in order to для того, щоб
in order not to для того, щоб не …
in case of у випадку
not only … but also не тільки, … але й також
what is more більш того
even though /even if навіть, якщо
because of через …
It goes without saying Це твердження не потребує доказів
among the other things між іншим
by the way між іншим
and things тощо
thus / thereby таким чином
thereafter після цього
according to / in accordance with згідно з
mentioned above згаданий раніше
to mention as an instance згадати як приклад
nevertheless все-таки, проте
in spite of всупереч того
apart from крім того, що, не кажучи про
except for за винятком
despite the fact всупереч того
then тоді, потім
regardless of незважаючи на, не беручи до уваги
whereas тоді як, у той час як
whenever коли б не …
wherever де б не …
to put it briefly / briefly / in short коротше кажучи / коротко
alternatively по черзі, чергуючись
Irregular verbs
to be was / were been бути
to become became become ставати
to begin began begun починати
to blow blew blown дути
to break broke broken ламати
to bring brought brought приносити
to build built built будувати
to burn burnt (burned) burnt (burned) горіти
to buy bought bought купувати
to catch caught caught ловити
to choose chose chosen вибирати
to come came come приходити
to сost cost cost коштувати
to cut cut cut різати
to deal dealt dealt мати справу
to dig dug dug копати
to do did done робити
to draw drew drawn малювати, вести
to drink drank drunk пити
to drive drove driven керувати
to eat ate eaten їсти
to fall fell fallen падати
to feel felt felt відчувати
to fight fought fought боротися
to find found found знаходити
to forbid forbade forbidden забороняти
to forget forgot forgotten забувати
to forgive forgave forgiven вибачати
to freeze froze frozen замерзати
to get got got отримувати
to give gave given давати
to go went gone іти
to grow grew grown рости
to hang hung hung висіти
to have had had мати
to hear heard heard слухати
to hide hid hidden (hid) ховатися
to hold held held тримати
to hurt hurt hurt шкодити, боліти
to keep kept kept зберігати
to know knew known знати
to lead led led вести
to learn learnt learnt вивчати
to leave left left залишати
to let let let дозволяти
to light lit (lighted) lit (lighted) запалювати
to lose lost lost губити
to make made made робити
to mean meant meant означати
to meet met met зустрічати
to pay paid paid платити
to put put put класти
to read read read читати
to ring rang rung дзвонити
to rise rose risen підніматися
to run ran run бігти
to say said said казати
to see saw seen бачити
to sell sold sold продавати
to send sent sent посилати
to set set set встановлювати
to shake shook shaken трясти
to shine shone shone сяяти
to shoot shot shot стріляти
to show showed shown показувати
to sing sang sung співати
to sit sat sat сидіти
to sleep slept slept спати
to smell smelt smelt мати запах
to speak spoke spoken говорити
to spend spent spent проводити
to spread spread spread поширюватися
to stand stood stood стояти
to steal stole stolen красти
to strike struck struck бити, ударити
to swear swore sworn клястися
to sweep swept swept підмітати
to swim swam swum плавати
to take took taken брати
to teach taught taught навчати
to tell told told розповідати
to think thought thought думати
to throw threw thrown кидати
to understand understood understood розуміти
to wake woke woken прокидатися
to wear wore worn носити
to win won won перемагати
to write wrote written писати