2. Write the annotation to the text.

3. Prove that ventilation is necessary during rescue operations.

4. Describe how proper ventilation should be done.

Exercise 14. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the word “but”.

1. He is but a child. 2. For some minutes we could see nothing but black smoke rising from the ground. 3. The situation looked desperate, but they didn’t give up hope. 4. They are poor but proud. 5. There’s no one here but me. 6. We can but try. 7. I would like to go, but I’m too busy. 8. This car has been nothing but trouble. 9. Who else but John would have played a trick like this? 10. His house is the last but one in this street. 11. What can we do but sit and wait? 12. These changes will cost quite a lot, but they will save us money in the long run.

Exercise 15. Put the verb in brackets in all tense and voice forms.

1. Ventilation (to simplify) the rescue of victims. 2. Firefighters (to perform) the extinguishment. 3. The overheated area (to change) into the inferno. 4. Confinement (to create) a back draft. 5. Firefighters (to prevent) the critical situation.

Exercise 16. Insert much, many, (a) little, (a) few.

1. Can you stay … days longer? 2. There was … smoke in the building. 3. She has … friends. 4. The … different sizes of fire hoses are designed for a specific purpose. 5. We couldn’t buy new fire hoses because we had … money. 6. Here are … more fire engines for your department. 7. She can drive … . 8. Don’t hurry, you’ve got … time. 9. There are … reasons against it. 10. … can be done at fire to protect the hose from injury. 11. Can you lend me … money? 12. So … people came that we had to cancel the meeting.

Exercise 17. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to conjunctions.

1. Chemistry is as difficult as physics. 2. I study English not so long as my friend does. 3. This device is as old as that one. 4. The bigger the cities are, the greater the pollution is. 5. The more automobiles appear, the dirtier the air is. 6. The devices differ both in construction and operation. 7. He will deliver his report either at this meeting or at the next one. 8. He was neither in the Crimea nor in the Caucasus. 9. I know neither him nor her. 10. He is either 18 or 19 years old.

Exercise 18. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the rules of sequence of tenses.

1. He said that he liked his job. 2. They said that they had made a report the previous week. 3. She said that she had been there before. 4. He said that he would be late. 5. He said that A. Einstein was born in 1779, but he was born in 1879. 6. He asked her who the owner of the car was. 7. Father ordered children not to play with matches. 8. He asked me what I was reading that time. 9. David asked mother when they would have dinner. 10. He asked me if I had got my salary.

Exercise 19. Change direct speech into indirect.

1. He asked, “Does Civil Protection Service provide rescue and humanitarian assistance abroad?” 2. The officer said, “There are three higher educational establishments in the Ministry of Emergencies”. 3. The woman asked, “What are the main tasks of Scientific and Research Institute of Fire Safety?” 4. The boy said, “I will enter Kharkiv University of Civil Protection next year”. 5. He says, “I am cleaning the ladder.” 6. He said, “The history of our Academy began in 1973”. 7. The journalist asked, “What does the effective prevention of fires depend on?” 8. The teacher says, “Professional training to a great extent is based on practical exercises”. 9. My friend said, “Last year I applied to become a firefighter.” 10. They said, “We have already extinguished the fire”.

Exercise 20. Ask your friend a question and say what he has answered.

Model: Ask your friend if he speaks English. – Do you speak English? – Yes, I do. I speak English. – He said that he spoke English.

1. if he studies at the Academy of Fire Safety; 2. if he has been to London; 3. if he went to Kyiv; 4. when he finished school; 5. where he will work; 6. what his favourite subject is; 7. where his mother works; 8. if his father is a colonel; 9. if he can help you; 10. what he is doing now.

Exercise 21. Change indirect speech into direct.

1. The man told us to have our passports ready. 2. He asked me to hurry up as there was little time left before the beginning of the meeting. 3. He asked her if anyone else knew about his arrival. 4. I asked him when he would take his last examination. 5. She asked her friend if the firefighters had extinguished the fire. 6. He answered that the house was still burning. 7. He asked me if I had taken part in the football match. 8. Kate asked her friend what she liked to do on her days off. 9. My neighbour said that she had left the key at my sister’s. 10. He said he could not understand the rule.

Exercise 22. Write the dialogue in the indirect speech.

APPLICANT: Good morning, officer.

OFFICER: Good morning. Can I help you?

A.: I’m a teacher of physical training. I’d like to work here. Do you have any vacancies?

O.: Yes, we have a vacancy. Where did you work before?

A.: I worked at the national University. I was working there for 5 years.

O.: Ok. Fill in this application form and bring your resume. We’ll call you and inform about the time and date of the interview.

A.: Thank you, officer. Good-bye.

Exercise 23. Translate the sentences.

1. Він сказав, що буде поступати до Академії пожежної безпеки. 2. Вона сказала, що працює у Науково-дослідному інституті пожежної безпеки y Києві. 3. Він сказав, що працівники служби цивільного захисту повинні бути кваліфікованими у всіх аспектах своєї професії. 4. Автор статті повідомив, що служба цивільного захисту активно співпрацює з різними міжнародними організаціями. 5. Він сказав, що інститут був створений у 1997 році. 6. Вона сказала, що закінчила Львівський університет безпеки життєдіяльності. 7. Він спитав, скільки пожежних частин є у Лондоні. 8. Вона спитала, чи є у Лондоні річкова пожежна частина. 9. Його попросили не робити цього. 10. Їм наказали виїхати на пожежу негайно.

Exercise 24. Correct the mistakes.

1. Proper ventilation did expedited the rescue of victims. 2. He said that there are 5 people trapped in the lift. 3. What steps firefighters take to control the fire? 4. The temperature of combustible materials rises to their ignition points, don’t it? 5. The materials will not ignite unless sufficient oxygen will be available. 6. Firefighters must to proceed cautiously is areas where excessive amounts of heat have accumulated. 7. The officer-in-charge said that intense buildup of heated gases in an atmosphere being depleted of oxygen will create a back draft. 8. The firefighters extinguished the fire already. 9. The fire spreading rapidly. 10. Smoke and gas are endanger trapped or unconscious occupants.