- •Передмова
- •An accounting overview
- •II. Reading
- •III. Word study
- •IV. Comprehension check
- •1) Answer the following questions about accounting. Questions with asterisks (*) cannot be answered directly from the text.
- •2) Oral study.
- •V. Language study
- •1) Substitute appropriate terms for the italicized words or phrases in the sentences below.
- •2) Translate the sentences.
- •Unit 2 a balance sheet
- •II. Reading
- •III. Word study
- •IV. Comprehension check
- •1) Answer the following questions about accounting.
- •2) Oral study.
- •V. Language study
- •1) Look at the terms in the left-hand column and find the correct synonyms or definitions in the right-hand column. Copy the corresponding letters in the blanks.
- •2) Translate the sentences.
- •II. Reading
- •III. Word study
- •IV. Comprehension check
- •1) Answer the following questions about accounting.
- •2) Oral study.
- •V. Language study
- •1 )Look at the terms in the left-hand column and find the correct synonyms or definitions in the right-hand column. Copy the corresponding letters in the blanks.
- •2) Translate the sentences.
- •Unit 4 An annual report
- •II. Reading
- •III. Word study
- •IV. Comprehension check
- •1) Answer the following questions about accounting.
- •2) Oral activity.
- •V. Language study
- •1) Look at the terms in the left-hand column and find the correct synonyms or definitions in the right-hand column. Copy the corresponding letters in the blanks.
- •2) Translate the sentences.
- •Overheads and their recovery
- •II. Reading
- •III. Word study
- •IV. Comprehension check
- •1) Answer the following:
- •2) Oral activity.
- •V. Language activity
- •1) Look at the terms in the left-hand column and find the correct synonyms or definitions in the right-hand column. Copy the corresponding letters in the blanks.
- •2) Translate the sentences.
- •Unit 6 The auditing framework
- •II. Reading
- •III. Word study
- •IV. Comprehension check
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Say whether the following statements are true or false according to the text.
- •V. Language study
- •1) Look at the terms in the left-hand column and find the correct synonyms or definitions in the right-hand column. Copy the corresponding letters in the blanks.
- •2) Translate the sentences.
- •Unit7 Methods of depreciation
- •II. Reading
- •III. Word study
- •IV. Comprehension check
- •1) Answer the following:
- •Unit8 Funds: inflow and outflow
- •Reading
- •III. Word study
- •V. Language study
2) Translate the sentences.
1. Щоб отримати уяву про дану компанію, вони вивчили всю необхідну бухгалтерську документацію. 2. Для професійного росту він отримав сертифікат громадського бухгалтера і врахував всі вимоги керівництва. 3. Погіршення державної економічної ситуації впливає на фінансовий статус нашої компанії. 4. Ми зараз обговорюємо план проведення аудиту в корпорації, яку ми збираємося інвестувати наступного року. 5. Вона підготувала балансову відомість і може допомогти з написанням фінансового звіту. 6. Різноманітність бухгалтерського обслуговування забезпечується цим приватним агентством. 7. Даний метод є чітким підтвердженням успіху їхньої фінансової діяльності. 8. Ми оплачуємо послуги нашого бухгалтера на зарплатній основі. 9. Цей інспектор пред’являє нам вимоги стосовно страхування наших робітників. 10. Для розширення інформації про фінансовий стан нашого виробництва ми найняли ще двох помічників. 11. Як консультант вона має справу з наданням підтримки по організації прийняття рішень. 12. Платня за її послуги того коштує. 13. Як спеціаліст, вона також застосовує свої сили для підрахунку податкових виплат.
Unit 2 a balance sheet
1. Pre-reading activity
Discuss the following questions.
1. In order to work with a balance sheet, you need to understand two fundamental terms. Match these two terms with the correct definitions: assets and liabilities.
what a company owes = ____________________
what a company owns = ____________________
2. What are examples of company assets?
Model: equipment, accounts receivable,__________
3. What are examples of company liabilities?
Model: long-term notes, accounts payable_________
II. Reading
Read the text and answer the questions that follow it. Study new terms.
A balance sheet
Financial statements are the final product of the accounting process. They provide information of the financial condition of the company. The balance sheet, one type of financial statement, provides a summary of what a company owns and what owes on one particular day.
Assets represent everything of value that is owned by a business, such as property, equipment, and accounts receivable. On the other hand, liabilities are the debts that a company owes – for example, to suppliers and the banks. If liabilities are subtracted from assets (assets – liabilities), the amount remaining is the owners’ share of a business. This is known as owners’ or stockholders’ equity.
One key to understanding the accounting transactions of a business is to understand the relationship of its assets, liabilities, and owners equity. This is often represented by the fundamental accounting equation: assets equal liabilities plus owners’ equity.
ASSETS = LIABILITIES + OWNERS’ EQUITY
These three factors are expressed in monetary terms and therefore are limited to items that can be given a monetary value. The accounting equation always remains in balance; in other words, one side must equal the other.
The balance sheet expands the accounting equation by providing more information about the assets, liabilities, and owners’ equity of a company at a specific time (for example, on December 31, 1993). It is made up of two parts. The first part lists the company’s assets, and the second part details liabilities and owners’ equity. Assets are divided into current and fixed assets. Cash, accounts receivable, and inventories are all current assets. Property, buildings, and equipment make up the fixed assets of a company. The liabilities section of the balance sheet is often divided into current liabilities (such as accounts payable and income taxes payable) and long term liabilities (such as bonds and long term notes).
The balance sheet provides a financial picture of accompany on a particular date, and for this reason it is useful in two important areas. Internally, the balance sheet provides managers with financial information for company decision-making. Externally, it gives potential investors data for evaluation the company’s financial position.