
- •Unit I Petroleum Industry
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •2. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •3. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •6. Answer the following questions using the information from the exercise 5:
- •7. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the appropriate word or word-combination:
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. Speak about the petroleum industry according to the following plan:
- •Unite II. Petroleum Origin
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •Quantity – количество
- •Mixture – смесь
- •2. Read and translate the following words and word-combinations. Practice your pronunciation.
- •3. Read and translate the words of the same root:
- •4. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •5. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •8. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions: between, on, in, to, of, for, by, with, over, from.
- •9. Translate into English.
- •9. Read the text, arrange the paragraphs logically and give a heading to the text.
- •11. Speak about the petroleum origin according to the following plan:
- •Unit III Light and Heavy Crude Oil
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •2. Read and translate the words of the same root:
- •3. Read and translate the following words. Pay attention to the pronunciation.
- •4. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •4. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •6. React to the statements (true or false).
- •7. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •8. Fill in the gaps in this paragraph about light crude oil.
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. Speak about crude oil according to the following plan:
- •Unit IV The Search for Oil and Gas
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •2. Read and translate the words of the same root:
- •3. Read and translate the following words. Pay attention to the pronunciation.
- •4. Read the text and translate it into Russian. The Search for Oil
- •5. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Match the words and word-combinations from the first column with the words and word-combinations that have the same meaning from the second column.
- •8. React to the statements (true or false).
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. Speak about the oil exploration according to the following plan:
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •2. Read and translate the words and word-combinations of the same root.
- •3. Read the following words and word-combinations and give their Russian equivalents.
- •4. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •5. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Match the words and word-combinations from the first column with the words and word-combinations that have the same meaning from the second column.
- •8. Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •9. Fill in the blanks choosing the proper English word from those given above the text.
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. Speak about the petroleum geology according to the following plan:
- •A Petroleum Geologist
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •2. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •3. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •6. Translate the text in writing. Use the dictionary.
- •7. Speak about the work of a petroleum geologist.
- •Английский язык
- •Библиотечно-издательский комплекс
- •625000, Тюмень, ул. Володарского, 38. Типография библиотечно-издательского комплекса.
- •625039, Тюмень, ул. Киевская, 52.
9. Translate into English.
Большинство геологов считают, что нефть имеет органическое происхождение.
Она образовалась из останков морских растений и животных.
Эти организмы погибали, оседали на дно океана, где их покрывал ил.
Под воздействием времени и температуры органические вещества медленно превращались в нефть.
Нефть – это темная вязкая жидкость, состоящая в основном из углеводородов.
Под воздействием перепадов температуры и давления нефть перемещалась из материнской породы и накапливалась в подходящих геологических пластах.
Породы, способные аккумулировать значительное количество нефти и газа, получили название природных резервуаров или коллекторов.
Нефтяная залежь – это пористая порода, насыщенная нефтью и покрытая слоем непроницаемых горных пород.
9. Read the text, arrange the paragraphs logically and give a heading to the text.
1. Subsequent deposition caused the earlier sediments to become buried and to start to compact into sedimentary formations. Increasing depth of burial with resultant pressure and temperature changes created the conditions for the formation of oil and gas. The hydrocarbons thus formed migrated upward and sideward into other sedimentary basin rocks, such as sandstones and fractural limestones, which provide the necessary reservoirs.
2. The word “petroleum” is derived from two Latin words: “petra” meaning rock, and “oleum” meaning oil. Petroleum is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, but in addition to hydrocarbons small amounts of oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur are also present.
3. The organic theory of the origin of petroleum is now generally accepted by most scientists but there remain many problems which are yet unsolved.
4. It is generally believed that the greater part of the world’s hydrocarbons originated in the deposition of dead organisms on the sea floor millions of years ago. These organisms which include plankton, bacteria, and simple plants accumulated with large quantities of inorganic particles deposited by rivers or through chemical precipitation.
11. Speak about the petroleum origin according to the following plan:
theories on petroleum origin;
composition of petroleum;
formation of hydrocarbons;
migration of petroleum.
Unit III Light and Heavy Crude Oil
Start-up
What is the difference between physical – chemical properties of light and heavy crude oil? Which type of oil is more valuable?
1. Read and learn the following words.
liquid – жидкость
solid – твердый
viscous – вязкий
to float – плавать, держаться на поверхности воды
density – плотность
to flow – течь
to pump – качать насосом
to receive – получать
commodity market – товарная биржа, рынок сырья
to sink – оседать на дно, тонуть
property – свойство
to differ – отличать(ся)
exploration – исследование, разведка
wax content – содержание парафина
oil production – добыча нефти
oil refining – переработка нефти, очистка нефти
oil refinery – нефтеперерабатывающий завод
environmental impact – воздействие на окружающую среду (часто негативное)
depth – глубина
oil field – нефтяное месторождение, нефтепромысел
to reduce – уменьшать(ся), снижать(ся)
production costs – себестоимость добычи