- •Unit I Petroleum Industry
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •2. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •3. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •6. Answer the following questions using the information from the exercise 5:
- •7. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the appropriate word or word-combination:
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. Speak about the petroleum industry according to the following plan:
- •Unite II. Petroleum Origin
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •Quantity – количество
- •Mixture – смесь
- •2. Read and translate the following words and word-combinations. Practice your pronunciation.
- •3. Read and translate the words of the same root:
- •4. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •5. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •8. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions: between, on, in, to, of, for, by, with, over, from.
- •9. Translate into English.
- •9. Read the text, arrange the paragraphs logically and give a heading to the text.
- •11. Speak about the petroleum origin according to the following plan:
- •Unit III Light and Heavy Crude Oil
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •2. Read and translate the words of the same root:
- •3. Read and translate the following words. Pay attention to the pronunciation.
- •4. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •4. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •6. React to the statements (true or false).
- •7. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •8. Fill in the gaps in this paragraph about light crude oil.
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. Speak about crude oil according to the following plan:
- •Unit IV The Search for Oil and Gas
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •2. Read and translate the words of the same root:
- •3. Read and translate the following words. Pay attention to the pronunciation.
- •4. Read the text and translate it into Russian. The Search for Oil
- •5. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Match the words and word-combinations from the first column with the words and word-combinations that have the same meaning from the second column.
- •8. React to the statements (true or false).
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. Speak about the oil exploration according to the following plan:
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •2. Read and translate the words and word-combinations of the same root.
- •3. Read the following words and word-combinations and give their Russian equivalents.
- •4. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •5. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Match the words and word-combinations from the first column with the words and word-combinations that have the same meaning from the second column.
- •8. Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •9. Fill in the blanks choosing the proper English word from those given above the text.
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. Speak about the petroleum geology according to the following plan:
- •A Petroleum Geologist
- •1. Read and learn the following words.
- •2. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •3. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word-combinations.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •6. Translate the text in writing. Use the dictionary.
- •7. Speak about the work of a petroleum geologist.
- •Английский язык
- •Библиотечно-издательский комплекс
- •625000, Тюмень, ул. Володарского, 38. Типография библиотечно-издательского комплекса.
- •625039, Тюмень, ул. Киевская, 52.
1. Read and learn the following words.
to pinpoint – точно определять
to conduct research – проводить исследование
seabed – грунт морского дна
sample – образец, проба
device – прибор, устройство
drill site – буровая площадка
disturbance – здесь: повреждение
bachelor's degree – степень бакалавра
master's degree – степень магистра
to improve – улучшать, повышать
credential – диплом профессионального учебного заведения; документ, подтверждающий профессиональную квалификацию
demand – спрос
knowledgeable – компетентный, знающий
2. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
A Petroleum Geologist
A petroleum geologist uses his expert knowledge of geological principles to determine the location and size of crude oil deposits. He might work for an oil or gas company, a governmental agency, or as an independent contractor, exploring different locations and pinpointing oil reserves. A petroleum geologist might use advanced computer technology to survey a region so that he can inform other experts how and where to drill.
Scientists usually spend a great amount of time conducting field research. A petroleum geologist may work alone or with a team of other professionals, exploring land and ocean seabeds for oil deposits. He will look for signs that oil may be present in a certain location by taking samples of surface rocks and drilling a small sample well to collect subsurface sediments. Rock samples are evaluated using microscopes, geochemical analysis kits, and other laboratory equipment, to determine the presence of hydrocarbons and other minerals consistent with oil-rich areas.
Modern petroleum geologists frequently employ global positioning systems (GPS) and geographic information systems (GIS) to help them identify and record the locations of new reserves. Using information gathered by GIS and GPS devices, three-dimensional graphing software, and physical samples, a petroleum geologist can determine the exact location of a crude oil deposit, the likely yield, and the depth to which companies should drill. Geologists usually consider the environment and ecosystems surrounding a potential drill site, and promote careful drilling practices to minimize pollution and disturbances to the earth.
To become a petroleum geologist, a person must typically receive at least a bachelor's degree from an accredited university. Some employers, especially government agencies, require new geologists to hold master's or doctoral degrees. In addition, a beginning petroleum geologist may choose to take a certification exam in order to improve his credentials and increase the chances of finding employment. In the United States, the American Association of Professional Geologists (AAPG) offers certification. Many other countries have similar nationally recognized boards which grant certification to petroleum geologists.
The demand for knowledgeable petroleum geologists is generally strong. The dwindling oil supply worldwide is creating new jobs for scientists to find new reserves and maximize the output of known wells. Experts are contracted to conduct new expeditions in unexplored areas, such as Antarctica and deep ocean beds. Geologists are needed to better explore Canadian territories and Alaskan regions, where glaciers and expanses of tundra likely entrap significant petroleum reserves.