Explanatory notes

1. deciduous [dɪ'sɪdjuəs ] – лиственный (о деревьях)

2. renowned [rɪ'naund] – знаменитый, известный

3. per capita [pə'kæpɪtə] – на человека, на душу населения

4. endowment – наделенность (количество ресурсов, которыми изначально обладает страна)

5. diversity [daɪ'vɜ:sɪtɪ] – разнообразие; многообразие

6. glacial ['gleɪsɪəl] – ледниковый

7. boreal ['bɔ:rɪəl] – нордовый, северный, арктический

8. welfare ['welfɛə] – благосостояние; социальное обеспечение

9. evenue ['rev(ə)nju:] – доход; выручка

10. to initiate policy – положить начало политике

11. vigorous ['vɪg(ə)rəs] – сильный, энергичный; решительный

12. legislature ['leʤɪsləʧə ] – законодательная власть; законодательные учреждения

13. governor-general – генерал-губернатор

14. Iroquoian – ирокезские (языки)

15. nationhood ['neɪʃ(ə)nhud] – статус нации, государственность

16. descent [dɪ'sent] – происхождение

17. census ['sensəs] – перепись; сбор сведений

18. reserve [rɪ'zɜ:v] – резервация

19. accord [ə'kɔ:d] – соглашение; договор

20. by a slim/narrow margin – с небольшим преимуществом

21. massacre ['mæsəkə] – резня; бойня

22. rebound [rɪ'baund] – оправиться (после какого-л. потрясения)

Give detailed answers to the following questions.

1. Where is Canada situated? Why is the population density not high in Canada? Where do most Canadians live?

2. Where is the Canadian Shield situated? What is this region characterized by?

3. How many lakes are there in the country? Where are the supplies of fresh water concentrated? Is Canada geologically active?

4. What are average winter and summer temperatures across Canada?

5. What is the administrative division of Canada?

6. What mineral resources is Canada rich in? What is the leading manufacturing industry in Canada? What are other significant manufacturing sectors in Canada? In what occupations do most Canadians work?

7. How is Canada governed? What does Canadian constitution guarantee?

8. What programs do the federal and provincial governments cooperate in?

9. What does the name Canada come from? Who originally populated the country? What European groups are considered the two founding nations?

10. What can be said about Canadian demographic trends? Why is emigration important to Canada?

11. When was Canada formed and when did it achieve full independence?

12. What languages are spoken in Canada? What languages are official?

13. What does the selection of Ottawa as the national capital signify?

14. What can be said about Canadian way of life?

15. When did the history of the white man begin in Canada? Who was the first to settle in Canada? How far did the French explorers penetrate?

16. What initiated the conflict between the French and the English? What did the conflict end in?

17. When was the dominion of Canada formed? Which colonies confederate? What territory was bought from the Hudson’s Bay Company?

18. What did the Stature of Westminster declare?

19. What are Quebec separatist sentiments based on?

20. What crises shook Canadian society in the late 1980s and early 1990s?

21. Has Canada always supported the USA in its military missions?