If it hadn’t been for
Without his assistance, I would have lost my job. (If it…)
If it hadn’t been for his assistance, I would have lost my job.
In case of + n. / (V+ing)
If he arrives tomorrow, we’ll meet him.
In case of his arrival tomorrow, we’ll meet him.
In case of his arriving tomorrow, we’ll meet him.
Unless = If…not
This food tastes bad. There is too much salt in it.
If there wasn't / weren't too much salt in this food, it wouldn't taste bad.
Unless there was / were too much salt in this food, it wouldn't taste bad.
He was careful. He didn't have an accident.
= If he hadn't been careful, he would have had an accident.
= Unless he had been careful, he would have had an accident.
Choose the correct answer:
(Unless – If – Without – But for) I had gone to England, I would have met my pen friend.
(If – Unless – In case of – Without) we didn't get heat and light from the sun, there would be no life on Earth.
If you (take – took – had taken – takes) the temperature at the sun's centre, you'd find it was 15 million degrees.
If you look at the sun, you (would – will – would have – might have) damage your sight.
(Would it be – Could it be – Is it – Was it) OK if you look at the sun wearing sunglasses?
If he hadn't looked at the sun, he (won't have – will have – wouldn't have – would have) damaged his sight.
If it hadn't rained so heavily, we (would have – have – have had – wouldn't have had) floods.
I would go to the moon if I (am asked – were asked – have been asked – had been asked).
If it (is – were – had been – was) very hot tomorrow, we will not go to the beach.
People who live near volcanoes leave home if they (erupted – had erupted – would erupt – erupt).
If I were you, I (shall – would – can – may) listen to the weather forecast before deciding where to go tomorrow.
If the storm had reached the city, houses and shops (would have destroyed – would be destroyed – would have been destroyed – will be destroyed).
What (happens – would happen – would have happened – will happen) if a huge storm hit the coast of Egypt?
If there (had been – were – are – have been) clouds in the sky tonight, you will not be able to see the moon.
If it had been an eclipse, the sky (would have gone – will go – might go – should go) dark.
If I (had discovered – discovered – discover – have discovered) a planet, I would give it my aunt's name.
(Unless – Without – If – In case of) there was an eclipse of the sun in my country, I would definitely watch it.
(Were – If – In case of – Unless) you watch the sky on a clear night, you can see stars and planets.
If you wear a hat, your face (won't get – wouldn't get – wouldn't have got – should have got) burnt.
It is better for your eyes (without – in case of – were – if) you wear glasses.
(If – Unless – Should – Had) you hadn't spent so long in the sun, you wouldn't have got burnt.
If it's warm and sunny tomorrow, I (go – might go – would have gone – will go) swimming.
What (will happen – would happen – might have happened – happened) if the volcano erupted?
What would have happened if there (was – were – have been – had been) a flood here?
If the storm (reach – reached – had reached – reaches) our area, trees will be blown down and houses will be damaged.
Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
If the volcano erupted yesterday, most people would have left their homes.
In case of the flood had been here, houses would have been damaged.
If I haven't taken those photos, I wouldn't have remembered our holiday.
I'll call you if I needed any help.
If there hadn't been a doctor on the train yesterday, the man would die.
If his father hadn't help him, his business will fail.
Unless she had been absent from school last week, she will understand the lesson.
If she were honest, she will do her job well.
If he were a lawyer, he helps me.
Had he seen the signal, he wouldn't make that accident.
If you heat ice, it would turn to water.
If you didn't like this shirt, I'll bring you another.
Unless I had had a quiet room, I won't be able to do any work.
In case of I find your passport, I'll telephone you at once.
If I realize it was such a long way, I would have taken a taxi.
Language Functions:
Asking for an explanation |
Giving an explanation |
Can you explain why…? |
Let me explain. |
Do you know how…? |
I'll try and explain. |
I'd like to know how…? |
Here's what happens. |
How on earth…? |
What happens is that.. |
Could you tell me how/why…? |
I'll explain that to you. |
Study the following:
A: How on earth do floods occur so quickly?
B: Here's what happens. If a lot of rain falls in a short time, the soil can't absorb it all and the water
stays on the surface of the land.
A: Can you explain why cities sometimes flood?
B: I'll try and explain. It's usually when there's a river in or near the city. Water runs off the land
into the river and the river becomes too full. The water then runs into the city.
Test on Unit 9
A- Language Functions
1- Respond to the following situations:
Someone says that reading books is a waste of time. Disagree, giving a reason.
A friend asks you what you think about the last football World Cup matches.
Someone asks you where your friend Ali is. You are almost certain he is on holiday.
A friend suggests that you go on a picnic together. Suggest something else.
2- Mention the place , the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues: