Present Simple: Active and Passive

 يستخدم للتعبير عن حدث متكرر أو عادة :

Scientists do experiments in laboratories. Insects harm crops.

يستخدم للتعبير عن حقيقة :

Water freezes to ice at a temperature of 0°C. The sun rises in the east.

 يستخدم المضارع البسيط في حالة طلب أو إعطاء التعليمات و الاتجاهات :

How do I get to the station? You go straight on, then you turn left.

 عادة يضاف s/es للفعل مع he / she / it :

visit visits watch watches

تستخدم الظروف الدالة علي التكرار (adverbs of frequency) قبل كل الأفعال و بعد To Be . و الظروف الدالة علي التكرار هي:

never / rarely = seldom / not often / sometimes = occasionally / often= frequently /usually / always

I always brush my teeth before I go to bed. She often plays the piano.

الظروف الدالة علي الزمنadverbs of time تأتي إما في بداية الجملة أو نهايتها

We play tennis every Friday. Every Friday we play tennis.

 لاحظ استخدام فعل do كفعل أساسي :

 He does his homework once a week. How often does he do his homework?

 تستخدم don't / doesn't في حالة نفي المضارع :

 He studies hard. He doesn't study hard.

 و يمكن أن يستخدم المضارع البسيط مع الظروف الدالة علي الزمن و الكلمات الآتية :

ever / generally / nowadays / on Mondays, on Tuesdays / twice a year / every week , day, year, summer…..

Do you ever go to school on Friday? She frequently visits the Pyramids.

 تستخدم do / does في حالة السؤال عن المضارع البسيط ويكون الفعل في المصدر :

Do you speak English? Does she play tennis?

am / is / are + PP. المضارع البسيط في صيغة المبنى للمجهول

Somebody cleans this room every day. This room is cleaned every day.

الأفعال التي لا يأتي معها مفعول لا تُستخدم في المبني للمجهول مثل:

Camp, roar, appear, arrive, begin, break, come, cough, decrease, die, disappear, drown, fall, go, happen, increase, laugh, lie, matter, rain, rise, sneeze, snow, stop, swim, wait, work."

Heat and light come from the sun. A strange thing happened yesterday.

۩ لاحظ صياغة الأسئلة التالية في المضارع البسيط:

۩ Where do you come from? = Which country do you come from? للسؤال عن الجنسية

I come from England/ Italy…

۩ What's your nationality? جنسية I'm English/ Italian.

۩ What do you do? = What's your job? = What do you do for a living?

I'm a teacher.

۩ Where do you live? = What's your address?

15 Lincoln Street, New York.

 يستخدم المضارع البسط (أو المضارع التام) بعد الروابط الآتية والفعل الثاني يكون مستقبل أو أمر :

After / Before / When / As soon as / the moment /till / until + مضارع بسيط أو مضارع تام

 After I write the letter, I’ll go out.

 Before he goes to bed, he will have dinner.

 As soon as she has received the fax, she will travel to Rangoon.

We’ll leave the moment we get the car fixed.

 She won’t go to the bank until she gets the cheque..

 First she will take some exercise. Then she will use the computer. (After/Before/until)

After she finishes the book, she will lend it to me.

Before she uses the computer, she will take some exercise.

She won’t use the computer until she takes some exercise.

 لاحظ أنه يمكن استخدام فعل أمر بدلا من المستقبل البسيط :

 After you finish your work, call me.  Before you go to bed, turn off the lights.