Appendix 1

Greetings	Introduction (Preparing the audience)	Main Part (Delivering the message)	Conclusion (Winding-up)
Good morning / afternoon ladies and gentlemen!	First, let me introduce myself; I'm... from...	Let us clear first of all over... (e.g. the organisation structure/the general aims/ etc. ...)	In conclusion...
Ladies and gentlemen!	I'll begin by then go onto and I'll end with...	The first point to make is that....	Looking back,...
Good morning / afternoon!	I stick to the opinion that no speech can be entirely bad if it is short enough. So I intend to be brief	The next point is that...	That's all I have to say for the moment
Greetings	Introduction (Preparing the audience)	Main Part (Delivering the message)	Conclusion (Winding-up)
Good morning / afternoon, colleagues!	It's tempting to talk in terms of... (one or others views prevailing...)	However, one or two comments have some validity	Before closing I'd like to summarize the main points again
	The core of my presentation will be contained in...	Initially,...	Thank you for your attention
	Feel free to interrupt if you have any questions	All this suggests that,...
	My presentation will take not more than 7 minutes as I intend to be concise	... not to mention ...(... не говоря уже о...)

Appendix 2

- The timing

The presentation was a bit out of schedule/had an appropriate timing

to follow the timeline

- The lay-out of the presentation

to have a well-balanced lay-out (structure)

to be plainly arranged into foreword, the body, conclusion

- The manner of the presentation

to show the ability to describe and comment on something (to explain, summarize and develop the idea)...

to speak (exceedingly) fluently / to be inarticulate (incoherent)

to speak in an appropriately formal tone/in a tone sometimes inappropriate

to follow the response of the target listeners

- General language ability

the wide range of the active does the speaker credit / the limited range of the active is not to the speaker's credit

the mistakes were quite occasional/unfortunately rough

the speaker shows / can boast of a good (poor, adequate, relevant) command of the language

to use helpful phrases (active vocabulary) in a full range

the speaker uses effective strategies for delivering the message across

- The contents of the presentation

to give an insight into something

to be integrated throughout the professional component

to give relevant information (judgment / detailed description / recommendations) in various subject-matter areas

to be discussed with a special bias towards analyzing and evaluating the relevance of something

- The use of visuals and slide structure

the chosen Power Point techniques (fonts, background, colours, animation, graphs and charts) make the statements more convincing

to do something with flick-of-the-eye rapidity

At a first glance,....

Appendix 3

Choose a topic, research on it and present your findings to the class in the Power Point format. Make use of the helpful hints from Appendix 1.

Topics for Power Point presentations:

Unit 3

1. The general idea of human rights.

2. History of human rights.

3. Civil and political rights.

4. Economic, social and cultural rights.

5. International human rights law and organizations.

6. Principal human rights conventions.

7. Nongovernmental human rights organizations.

8. Human rights violations.

9. Human rights defenders.

10. Human rights and the environment.

Unit 4

1. Types of social control.

2. Types of deviant behavior in sociology.

3. Antisocial types of deviant behavior.

4. Socially desirable rules of behavior vs. compulsory rules of conduct.

5. Deviance and crime.

6. Attitudes towards deviance across different cultures.

7. Diversity in both law and public perception concerning deviance.

8. Social theories to explain deviance.

   1. Symbolic Interactionism Theory;

   2. Conflict Theory;

   3. Cultural Transmission Theory;

   4. Control Theory;

8.5 Labeling Theory;

6. Structural Strain Theory;

8.7 Medicalization of Deviance Theory.

8. Strengths and weaknesses of social theories.

9. Criminal law as an anchor to a changing public opinion on deviance.

10. Links between both temperament and parenting and adolescences’ behavior.

11. Suicide as one of the 20 top leading causes of death worldwide.

Appendix 4

Argumentative essays are used to address controversial issues. In an argumentative essay it is necessary to use arguments “for” and “against”. You should show that you can make conclusions not only according to your personal assumptions, but according to definite facts as well.

1. Introduction

Introduce the reader to the analyzed phenomenon and make a general remark about it without giving your opinion.

• The problem/ phenomenon of . . . is/has always been/seems to be,

• People have always said/believed/thought/agreed,

• It is a burning/topical/controversial question,

2. Body

Give your arguments “for” and “against” in separate paragraphs, supporting your arguments with justification/ examples.

Useful expressions and linking words/ phrases:

• To list and add points: In the first place, To start/ begin with, Secondly, Thirdly, Finally, In addition, Furthermore, Moreover, Besides, etc.

• To introduce or list advantages: The main/ first/ most important advantage of . . ., One point of view in favour of . . ., It is often suggested/ believed/ argued that . . ., Some/ Many people are in favour of/ convinced that . . ., etc.

• To introduce or list disadvantages: The main/ most important disadvantage/ drawback of . . ., One/ Another/ An additional disadvantage of . . ., One point/ argument against . . ., Some/ many people are against . . ., etc.

• To introduce examples/ reasons/ results: for example/ instance, such as, like, in particular, therefore, for this reason, because, as, since, as a result, etc.

• To show contrast: On the other hand, However, Still, Nevertheless, Although, Even though, Despite/ In spite of (in fact that), etc. One major advantage /disadvantage is . . .

3. Conclusion

Write a statement which shows that the problem is controversial but there is a possibility of finding a compromise. Express your opinion or a balanced summary of the topic.

• To sum up . . ., To conclude . . ., In conclusion . . ., In summary . . ., In general . . ., Finally . . ., Lastly . . ., Taking everything into account/ consideration . . .

• It seems important to point out/add/remind that . . .,

• The problem/issue/debate is far from solving yet, but . . .,

• In my opinion/view . . ., I believe/think . . ., etc.

You mustn’t include opinion words in the introduction or the main body. Opinion words can only be used in the final paragraph, where you may state your opinion on the topic.