- •3D year
- •3.1 Lead-in
- •3.2 Language input
- •3.2.1 Consult a dictionary and practice the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, quote the sentences in which they are used in the text or submit the examples of your own.
- •3.3 Background information Human Rights
- •3.4 Comprehension
- •3.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers:
- •3.4.3 Develop the following ideas. Make use of the active vocabulary and helpful phrases given in brackets:
- •3.4.4 Match the sentences in the left-hand column with proper ending from the right-hand column. Use background information from ex.3.3.
- •3.4.5 Scan the text again and find the English equivalents for the following:
- •3.5 Practice
- •3.5.1 Read the extract and fill in prepositions or conjunctions wherever necessary. Translate the text. Give the text the appropriate heading.
- •3.5.2 A) Read the text and fill in the gaps with the suitable items (a-g) given below.
- •Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as Human Rights
- •3.7 Case study & role play
- •3.8 Grammar back up
- •If he has bought 250 shares in the company, he will postpone the possibility of a takeover.
- •I’ll come back later if you’re working at budgetary control now.
- •I won’t attend the Board meeting unless you go to.
- •If I knew the head office address, I would contact them.
- •If I had the full name of the bank, I would execute payment.
- •If I earned a lot of money, I’d started my own business.
- •If I were at the Board of Directors, I would support you.
- •I’d investigate the matter without any delay, if I weren’t so busy.
- •If I were you, I’d buy extra shares.
- •If I earned a lot of money, I might start my own business.
- •I could lend money to you, if you needed it.
- •4.1 Lead-in
- •4.2 Language input
- •Inherently selfless behavior –
- •4.2.1 Consult a dictionary and practice the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, quote the sentences in which they are used in the text or submit the examples of your own.
- •4.2.2 Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column:
- •4.3 Background information Social Control
- •4.4 Comprehension
- •4.4.1 Give extensive answers to the questions. Use the following expressions to present your answers:
- •4.4.2 Scan the text to determine whether these statements are true of false. If they are false, explain why.
- •4.4.3 Develop the following ideas. Make use of the active vocabulary given in the brackets.
- •4.4.4 Scan the text and find the information to complete the following lists.
- •4.4.5 Scan the text again and find the English equivalents for the following.
- •4.5 Practice
- •4.5.1 Consult a dictionary: practice the pronunciation, define parts of speech and translate the following words and word combinations.
- •4.5.2 Read the extract and fill in the prepositions wherever necessary. Discuss the text. Provide the extract with an appropriate title.
- •4.5.3 Complete the text by using the following word combinations from the box and fill in the grid. Discuss the text.
- •4.5.4 Read the text ignoring the missing parts.
- •4.5.5 Look at the missing parts and fill them in the gaps. There is one extra you do not need.
- •4.5.6 Writing argumentative essays
- •4.6 Dialogue
- •Sociological Theories to Explain Deviance
- •4.7 Reading for cross-cultural associations
- •4.7.1 Read the text below.
- •4.8 Case-study & role-play
- •4.8.1 Develop the following ideas. Make use of the expressions in brackets.
- •4.8.2 Critical Thinking Tasks.
- •4.9 Grammar back up The Infinitive, Past Participle and the “-ing” form (Revision)
- •Review of Conditionals
- •Appendix 1
- •Appendix 2
4.5.3 Complete the text by using the following word combinations from the box and fill in the grid. Discuss the text.
a) to be out of the ordinary |
d) type of criminal behavior |
g) necessarily illegal |
b) range from simply being |
e)the opposite of conforming |
h) severe rebellion |
c) violating the laws |
f) outlandish or inappropriate |
i) vary depending on |
Types of Deviant Behavior in Sociology
Deviance is any behavior that is considered by society…(1)… . Deviance is … (2)…and it has been studied by sociologists for years. Deviance can …(3)… the location, time period and culture. Deviant behavior can …(4)…outlandish or bizarre to illegal.
Odd behavior is any behavior that is considered different,… (5)… . It can be the expression of a belief that goes against the social norms. It can be a strange style of dress or other eccentric type of behavior. Some odd behaviors include playing with fire, nudity, alcoholism, cross-dressing and political extremist behavior. These behaviors are considered out of the ordinary and may be considered wrong by some, but they are not …(6)… .
Bad behavior differs from odd behavior in that it usually means …(7)… of the society. This type of behavior has been defined by society as not just being strange or eccentric, but also being bad enough that it should result in some type of punishment. Bad behavior includes any…(8)… , from theft to murder. Terrorists and gang members exhibit forms of bad socially deviant behavior. Bad behavior often involves violence and …(9)…against society in general.
Deviant behavior can also be good behavior. An example of a good behavior that is deviant is heroism. Saving another person's life while risking your own can be a type of deviance because the behavior is inherently selfless and would not be the "normal" immediate reaction to a dangerous situation. Another example of this is altruistic suicide, or when a person commits suicide because he believes that the basis for his existence lies beyond the physical world.
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4.5.4 Read the text ignoring the missing parts.
Deviance and crime
You need to distinguish between deviant behaviour and criminal behaviour.
Criminal behaviour |
Deviant behaviour |
Crime consists of …(1)… (e.g. murder, theft) |
Deviancy consists of …(2)… from the norms and values of wider society |
Those who exhibit …(3)… and dress in a way that differs to the norms and values of wider society. One example of a deviant group is Goths. Most cases …(4)… are legal, but in some cases their …(5)… in criminal activity. A group of people who exhibit deviant behaviour share their own norms and values that form a distinct subculture.
Deviant groups are often labelled by the media in a negative manner. Tabloid newspapers tend to take a more overtly biased approach towards labelling deviant groups, although labelling is not simply confined to the ‘red-top’ press. TV also plays a role in labelling certain groups.
Deviancy amplification occurs when the media focuses upon the negative aspects …(6)… groups. One example would be the recent focus upon young people who wear hoods, who are often associated with causing trouble and engaging in criminal activity. The media’s portrayal of certain groups can even create a moral panic within society, which can result in those groups becoming modern-day ‘folk devils’ – groups that become a scapegoat for problems within society (e.g. asylum seekers).
When groups are labelled, society will expect certain …(7)… a particular group, such as people from an ethnic minority. These labels are often based upon stereotypes, and can be either positive or (in most cases) negative. For example negative labels of certain ethnic groups can be based upon racism. You also need to be aware of the potential impact of labels, such as a self-fulfilling prophecy.
The …(8)… conforms to the norms and values of society. Our behaviour is heavily influenced by agents of social control; which can be classified as either formal or informal.
Agents of formal control |
Agents of informal control |
Agents that enforce the rules of society, such as the police and the judiciary.
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Includes most agents of secondary socialisation, such as peer groups and religious institutions. Parents are also a significant agent of informal control.
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