4.4.4 Scan the text and find the information to complete the following lists.

1. The society makes use of the following forms of social control:

a………………………………………………………………………………………

b………………………………………………………………………………………

c………………………………………………………………………………………

d……………………………………………………………………………………….

e……………………………………………………………………………………….

f…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Later agents of internal social control include:

a………………………………………………………………………………………...

b………………………………………………………………………………………...

c………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. The following agents of social control ensure conformity to the law:

a………………………………………………………………………………………

b………………………………………………………………………………………

c………………………………………………………………………………………

4.4.5 Scan the text again and find the English equivalents for the following.

1. попытки обеспечить соответствие

2. реагировать на поведение

3. признавать ч.-л. Обоснованным

4. первостепенная задача

5. признавать законность

6. нарушать правила

7. привести в соответствие

8. система поощрений и наказаний

9. принудительный и репрессивный

10. неофициальная возможность

11. искать одобрения

12. не обращать внимание на осуждение

13. оскорбительное поведение

14. иметь законную власть

15. занимать особое общественное положение

16. применять санкции к правонарушителям

17. управляться правительством

18. на основании полномочий

19. вызывающий беспокойство

20. школьный надзиратель

21. должностное лицо

22. сотрудник соцобеспечения

23. заключение под стражу

24. иметь отношение к

4.5 Practice

LANGUAGE FOCUS

Word Building

4.5.1 Consult a dictionary: practice the pronunciation, define parts of speech and translate the following words and word combinations.

• to coerce – coercion – coercive;

• conscious – consciously – consciousness – consciousness-raising;

• conspiracy – conspirator – conspiratorial – to conspire;

• courage – courageous – to encourage;

• deviance – deviancy - deviant – to deviate – deviation;

• to evolve – evolution – evolutionary;

• to exhibit – exhibition – exhibitionist – exhibitor;

• to force – force – the Forces - forced – forceful – to enforce – enforcement;

• initial – to initialize – initially – to initiate – initiation – initiative – uninitiated;

• to institute – institution – institutional - institutionalize – institutionalized;

• to legislate – legislation – legislative – legislator – legitimacy – legitimate;

• to motivate – motivated – motivation – motive - motiveless;

• system – systematic – to systemize – systemic

SKILLS FOCUS

4.5.2 Read the extract and fill in the prepositions wherever necessary. Discuss the text. Provide the extract with an appropriate title.

________________________________

Our society is influenced and held together … a variety of forces. The uninitiated may be skeptical … the idea that certain forces—classes, organizations, interests—consciously seek to control society by controlling its citizens. Control can be simply built-in and institutional … a given system as well as specifically conspiratorial and conscious.

Social control can range … covert policies of influence or manipulation to overt use of force—policing, incarceration, etc. Agencies … the government, politicians, think tanks, lobbyists, corporations, individuals, etc.—nearly everyone seeks to control their world … a certain degree. But some are more systematic, sophisticated and influential … their efforts. Intelligence agencies such as the NSA and CIA have a mandate to exert influence … order to protect “national security.”

The essence of social control can be traced to influences … what people care about; what their values are, and what’s important … them. The messages of what to care about are very clear from birth: yourself, your status, your beauty, your wealth, your people, your country. While the focus is the individual, the values are all dictated … outside. This phenomenon is called “depersonalized narcissism”—the individual thinks and cares almost exclusively about “himself” but only … the externally, societally proscribed ways.

… reality, the supposed “self-interest” that motivates the individual in society is nothing of the sort. Instead, it is the programmed interest … those who have the power to impose their will … the masses. This is true … the extent that millions of people continue to participate … an essentially “suicidal” system which is destroying our home planet and the ecosystems which sustain …our species as well as all others.

Systems … social control have developed as a combination of evolutionary human traits, institutional structures, and outright conspiratorial machinations. Truth movers are dedicated … deconstructing social control, striving for true personal freedom, and encouraging others to do the same.