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GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE TAXIWAYS

There is a network of taxiways, also referred to as taxi strips, at the airfield. Taxiway (TW) is the special well-equipped part of the airfield used for taxiing only. Taxiways may be the main and connecting ones. Their purpose is to provide safe movement of aircraft about the airfield. Taxiways provide access from the runways to the terminal area and maintenance hangars, as well as from the terminal area to the take-off ends of the runways. Taxiways should be arranged so that aircraft, which landed, do not interfere with aircraft taxiing to take off.

At busy airports there is a main taxiway going parallel the runway connecting its ends. Connecting TW is intended to link the RW, main TW, apron and special purpose areas. Where taxiing traffic is simultaneously in both directions parallel one-way taxiways are provided. Routes are selected to provide the shortest practicable distances from the terminal area to the end of the runways used for take-off. Whenever possible, taxiways are routed so as to avoid crossing of active runways.

During peak traffic periods, when a continuous supply of aircraft is available, the capacity of a runway is dependent, to a large degree, on how quickly landing aircraft can be vacated from the runway. Therefore, taxiways should be located at various points along the runway, so that landing aircraft can leave the runway as quickly as possible to clear it for use by other aircraft.

The location of exit taxiways is also influenced by the location of the runways relative to the terminal area.

МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ

КІРОВОГРАДСЬКА ЛЬОТНА АКАДЕМІЯ

НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО АВІАЦІЙНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ

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FROM THE HISTORY OF HANGARS

The term “airship hangar” or “airship dock” is used to denote a building or other structure where aircraft are housed for construction, repair, storage or overhaul purposes. Hangars were used only for major repair and overhaul or for protection from severe weather conditions. The first hangars were probably the tents which were used to cover aircraft. Although they were later reinforced by wooden frames, the construction of such hangars proved to be quite impractical because they easily caught fire. Other early hangars were constructed like garages with large doors at one end. They were economical to build but also caught fire easily.

During the 20’s the improvements in the hangars design resulted in the construction of larger hangars made of metal, cinder blocks and poured concrete. Today most airports have large concrete or metal hangars for airliners and large transport aircraft.

One of the most important sides of the airport work is the actual provision of building and hangars to house the airplanes and necessary equipment. They have to be carefully and properly designed for this job. Steel and concrete are used for new flight hangars today. The layout and number of the hangar designs depend largely on the use, type and dimensions (length, width and thickness) of the machines. The character of the aircraft maintenance, overhaul and the geographical position of the airport influence the hangar design to some extent.

Any maintenance hangars should meet the following demands:

• convenience of aircraft maintenance and overhaul;

• aircraft manoeuverability;

• it should give possibility to carry out maintenance operations to a number of aircraft at a time.

МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ

КІРОВОГРАДСЬКА ЛЬОТНА АКАДЕМІЯ

НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО АВІАЦІЙНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ