
- •Времена глагола (Действительный залог)
- •Времена глагола (Страдательный залог)
- •Способы перевода Passive Voice
- •I was asked a question. - Мне задали вопрос.
- •Времена глагола Значение действия
- •Употребление глаголов во временах Simple/Continuous в зависимости от лексического значения
- •Не употребляются в Continuous:
- •Tenses in complex sentences Времена в союзных предложениях
Употребление глаголов во временах Simple/Continuous в зависимости от лексического значения
Simple |
Verb |
Continuous |
принадлежать, владеть I have a cat. |
have |
проходить, иметь место have breakfast, supper, dinner, lunch, lea, have classes, have a rest, have a nice time, fun We are having fun at the seaside. |
быть, являться She is a kind person. |
be |
по-особому относиться к человеку She is being so unusually kind to me. |
видеть, понимать I see that she is right. |
see |
встречаться I am seeing my grandmother on Monday. Are you seeing a lot of her? |
чувствовать себя I feel well. понимать, считать I feel that he won’t come in time
|
feel |
трогать She is feeling the cloth. чувствовать себя / am feeling well. |
считать, понимать / think he knows it. |
think
|
думать, мечтать / am thinking about the sea. планировать We are thinking of buying a new car. |
выглядеть She looks great. |
look |
смотреть на She is looking sadly at me чувствовать себя She is looking unwell now.
|
иметь вкус The soup tastes nice. |
taste |
Пробовать The cook is tasting the soup. |
пахнуть The rose smells nice. |
smell |
нюхать She is smelling the flowers in the garden. |
Не употребляются в Continuous:
Hear, notice, observe, believe, understand, suppose, know, matter, depend, cost, own, posses, wish, refuse, etc.
Tenses in complex sentences Времена в союзных предложениях
Время повествования |
Союз
|
Придаточное предложение |
Главное предложение
|
Пример
|
будущее |
1) if unless in case providing(ed) 2) once when before after as soon as till until while whenever |
времени, реального условия V1 (-s) |
shall/will+V1 |
If he comes, he will help us. |
дополнительное *shall / will + V1 |
shall/will+V1 |
I shall ask him if (when) he will come. |
||
настоящее, будущее |
нереального условия V2+(-ed) |
should/would+V1 |
If he came today (tomorrow) he would help us. |
|
прошедшее
|
нереального условия had+V3(-ed) |
should/would +have+V3(ed)
|
If he had come yesterday, he would have helped us. |
|
настоящее
|
since |
V2(-ed)
*have/has+V3(ed) незаконченное действие |
1) have/has+V3(-ed)
2) have/has+been+Ving
3) It is… |
1) We have been friends since he came. 2) We have been living here since we came in 1980. 3) It is 2days since we came. |
прошедшее |
V2(-ed)
*had+V3(-ed) незаконченное действие |
1) had+V3(-ed)
2) had+been+Ving
3) It was… |
1)We had been friends since he came. 2) We had been living there since we came 2 years before. 3) It was 2 years since we came. |
|
прошедшее
|
when while |
1) V2 (-ed) одномоментное действие 2) was/were+Ving действие в процессе |
was/were+Ving |
1) When mother came we were watching TV. 2) While Ann was cooking, Alice was cleaning the room. |
будущее |
1) V1(-s) одномоментное действие 2) am /is/ are+Ving действие в процессе |
shall/will+be+Ving |
1) When Victor returns we shall be watching TV. 2) While she is playing the piano we shall be singing. |
|
прошедшее
|
after as as soon as |
had+V3(-ed) |
V2(-ed) |
After Mike had written the letter he posted it. |
when before by the time |
V2(-ed) |
1) had+V3(-ed)
2) had+been+Ving |
1) Before mother came Helen had gone to school. 2) Before mother came Helen had been reading for 2 hours. |
|
1) hardly scarcely 2) no sooner |
had+подлеж. +V3(-ed) |
1) when… V2(-ed)
2) than… V2(-ed) |
1) Hardly had he entered the room when he saw his brother. 2) No sooner had he entered the room than he noticed his brother. |
|
будущее |
after as as soon as |
V1(-s) *have/has+V3(ed) |
shall/will+V1 |
As soon as he comes (has come), he will visit us. |
when before by the time |
V1(-s) |
1) shall/will have +V3(ed)
2) shall/will have been +Ving |
1) Before she comes we shall have done the work. 2)Before she comes we shall have been doing the work for 2 hours |