(Сослагательное наклонение)

Subjunctive II

Conditional Mood
(unreal condition)	(consequences of the condition)
I. If _______ _Present Simple_ , ______ _Future Simple_ .
(real condition for the present and the future)
E. g. If the weather is fine, I will go for a walk. Если будет хорошая погода, я пойду погуляю.
II. If _______ _Past Simple_ , _____ _would + Simple Infinitive_ .
(unreal condition for the present and the future)
E. g. Ann, what will you do tomorrow? – If it were fine, I would go swimming. But the weather forecast says it’ll be stormy. I’d rather stay at home. Если б была ясная погода, я бы завтра пошла поплавать.
III. If _______ _Past Perfect_ , ____ _would + Perfect Infinitive_ .
(unreal condition for the past)
E. g. If I had learnt the material, I would have passed the exams yesterday. But I failed. Если бы я выучил материал, я бы сдал экзамен ещё вчера.

Modal Verbs for logical assumptions

(Модальные глаголы для логических умозаключений)

1) disbelief

She cannot have changed so much! It can’t be true! (не может быть)

2) astonishment, surprise

Can he have gone? (неужели)

She couldn’t have changed so much. (неужели)

Can she have failed to phone me? (неужели не)

3) doubt

Could she have changed so much? (разве)

1) probability

He ought to have drunk the poison. (судя по всему, вероятнее всего)

You must have heard this story. It’s common knowledge. (должно быть)

He should have gone to London. (лично я полагаю)

2) uncertainty

Well, I’m not sure but you may have seen his friend. (возможно, может быть)

3) great uncertainty

The nurse might have brought that bottle but I’m not sure at all. (может быть и…)

I am unlike to have heard this story before - I’m not interested in the UFO. (вряд ли)

1) unrealized necessity

He ought to have informed us immediately. (обязан был)

He should have phoned me. (следовало бы, но…., напрасно не…)

2) unrealized possibility

You might have called in when you were in town. (мог бы и)

3) unrealized absence of necessity

You needn’t have come so early. We’ll open our meeting only in half an hour. (зря, незачем было)

Cf. realized absence of necessity

I didn’t have to come to the office on Sunday - so I slept till 11 a.m..

(не нужно было)

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