Òåìà: Grammar in the Systemic Conception of Language.

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The nature of grammar as a constituent part of language is better understood in the light of explicity investigating ### planes of language :

+ two

- three

- four

- various

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Modern linguistics lays a special stress on the### character of language:

- hierarchical

+ systemic

- nonsystemic

- global

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The linear relation between units in a segmental units are called:

- paradigmatic relations

+ syntagmatic relations

- dynamic relations

- systemic relations

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Paradigmatic relations ###directly observed in utterances

- can be

+ cannot be

- are

- are usually

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The morphological system of language reveals its properties through### structure of words

- phonemic

+ morphemic

- syntactic

- paradigmatic

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The paradigmatic correlations of grammatical forms in a category are exposed by so called

- “phonological oppositions”

+ “grammatical oppositions”

- “ morphological oppositions”

- “syntactic oppositions”

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The categorial meaning of substance (“thingness”) is the feature of

- the pronoun

- the adjective

+ the noun

- the adverb

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The categorial meaning of indication (deixis) is the feature of

- the adjective

+ the pronoun

- the verb

- the noun

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Are subcategorized into proper and common, countable and uncountable, animate and inanimate, concrete and abstract.

- the pronouns

- the adjectives

+ the nouns

Òåìà: Nouns

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Nouns are not used in the following positions:

- as subjects

- as complements

+ as objects

- as predicates

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When a noun is used as an adjective it takes### form

+ a singular

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A quantifier indicates an amount or a ###

+ quantity.

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When a collective noun indicates a period of time, a sum of money, or measurement it takes a ### verb

+ singular

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The expression “a number of” means ### or “many” and takes a plural verb

+ “several”

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The expression “the number of” refers to the group and takes a #### verb

+ singular

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“Many” and “few” are used with ### nouns

+ count

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“Much” and “little” are used with nouns

+ noncount

Òåìà: Verbs

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The general categorial meaning of the verb is:

+ process presented dynamically, developing in time

- property of an action

- thingness

- quality

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The verb has a lot of grammatical categories:

- two

- three

- five

+ six

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The verb has the grammatical categories of:

- gender

- case

- comparison

+ aspect

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The verb has many tense forms, namely:

- three

- ten

- sixteen

+ twenty six

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The grammatical category of tense shows:

- the speaker’s attitude to the action

+ the time of the action or process

- the quality of the object

- the quality of the objects

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Notional verbs include the bulk of the :

+ verbal lexicon

- semi-notional verbs

- auxiliary verbs

- modal verbs

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The following verbs may express obligation:

- may

- might

+ shall

- will

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Ability is expressed by:

- have to

- to be to

+ can

- may

Задание {{26}} ТЗ 26 Тема 3-0-0

Permission is expressed in the sentence:

+ Tom may stay for the teleview if he will.

- The storm may come any minute, you had better leave the deck.

- You may find any book in this library.

- He may come or may not come.

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In the sentence the modal verb is a probability predicator:

- You may come if you want.

+ The storm may come any minute, you had better stay home.

- Whenever you may call I shall come.

- Whenever you may go you will find friends.

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“Should” is a modal verb in the sentence:

- If the weather were fine we should go to the country.

- I promised that I should come in time.

- Why should I go there?

+ You should visit your sick friend.

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“Would” is the mood auxiliary in the sentence:

- He promised he would visit me next month.

+ If he were here he would help me.

- Every evening he would come and bring me flowers.

- The boy tried and tried but the door wouldn’t open.

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Ability is expressed by the verb:

- may

+ can

- will

- shall

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The verb “arrive” is:

+ limitive

- unlimitive

- neutral

- durative

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The syntactic valency of the verb may be:

+ obligatory

- complete

- distant

- transitive

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Transitive verbs are opposed to:

- passive verbs

+ intransitive verbs

- notional verbs

- modal verbs

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The verb “rain”, “snow”, “freeze” refer to:

- personal verbs

+ impersonal verbs

- objective verbs

- non-objective verbs

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The following units belong to non-finite forms of the verb:

- modal verbs

- notional verbs

+ infinitive forms

- personal verbs

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gerund refers to:

- finite forms of the verb

- modal verbs

+ non-finite forms

- transitive verbs

Задание {{37}} ТЗ 37 Тема 3-0-0

The term “verbids” for non-finite forms of the verb was introduced by:

- Koshevaya

- Ivanova

- Bloch

+ Jesperson

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The non-finite forms lack one of the following grammatical categories:

- tense

+ mood

- aspect

- voice

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The verbs “go”, “take”, “read”, “come” are:

+ simple

- derivative

- phrasal

- composite

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The verbs “feed”, “bleed” are:

- composite

- expanded

+ sound- replacive

- stress – replacive

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“See”, “hear”, “feel” are verbs of:

- physical perceptional activity

- mental activity

- mental perception

+ physical perception

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In the sentence “In those years trains seldom arrived in time” “arrived” is:

+ inlimitive

- limitive

- durative

- neutral

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The infinitive is the non-finite form of the verb which combines the properties of verb with those of:

- an adjective

- an adverb

+ a noun

- a pronoun

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The infinitive can’t be used in the syntactic function of:

- a subject

+ a predicate

- an object

- an attribute

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The gerund combines the properties of the verb and of:

- an adjective

- a pronoun

+ a noun

- an adverb

Задание {{46}} ТЗ 46 Тема 3-0-0

In the sentence “Luck is believing you are lucky” the gerund performs the function of:

- a noun

- a predicate

- an object

+ a predicative

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Gerund is used in the sentence:

- The girl dancing with your brother, is my cousin.

+ Let’s go to the dancing hall.

- Norman stood on the pavement watching his loved one go abroad on ocean liner.

- Nobody noticed the scouts approaching the enemy trench.

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The non-finite forms of the verb can express:

- present action

- past actions

- future actions

+ prior actions

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The participle combines the properties of a verb and:

+ of an adjective and adverb

- of a noun

- numerals

- a pronoun

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The semantic content of the first person is the indication of the person:

+ who is speaking

- who is spoken to

- who is viewed

- who is called

Задание {{51}} ТЗ 51 Тема 3-0-0