Vocabulary

I. Learn the words and expressions.

	Reservoir	резервуар
	to turn over the starter	дать обороты
	the engine is running	двигатель работает
	to operate the ignition system	привести в действие, включить зажигание
	electrical accessories	электрические
	to put back	откладывать
	to store up	накоплять

to make up deficit восполнить дефицит

the engine is turned off двигатель включен

acid кислота

to immerse in solution погружать в раствор

sulfuric acid серная кислота

lead peroxide свинцовая перекись

sulfate сульфат

to split away отделяться

an output выработка, производительность

II. Read and translate the text. The Storage Battery

The storage battery is a reservoir of electrochemical energy. Electric current is drawn from the battery to turn over the starter and start the engine. When the engine is running at normal speed, the generator creates enough electricity to operate the ignition system, light, and electrical accessories, and also supplies come additional electrical energy which is put back into the battery and stored for future demands.

When the engine is running very slowly, the generator may not produce enough electricity to meet the demand and current must be drawn from the battery to make up the deficit. Any current used to operate lights or radio when the engine is turned off must be drawn entirely from the battery. A battery stores chemical energy which is converted into electrical energy. If two different metals are placed in an acid which can attack them, an electrical potential, or voltage, is created. If wires from the two metals are connected into a circuit, electrical current will flow through it.

A charged battery consists of two different metals immersed in a solution of sulfuric acid. One of the metals - the positive plate - is lead peroxide. The other metal - the negative plate - is plain load. The acid solution is called the electrolyte.

When the two plates are connected into a circuit, the sulfate splits away from the sulfuric acid and unites with the lead of both plates to form lead sulfate. The oxygen freed from the lead peroxide of the positive plate units with hydrogen which splits off from the sulfuric acid and forms water. This chemical reaction is what produces the electricity.

A battery's capacity is measured in ampere hours. This figure is obtained by multiplying a given amperage output by the number of hours the battery can supply that output.

III. Choose the necessary word

l. His work must be (achieved, completed) as soon as possible.

2. Our laboratory needs (expansion, knowledge).

3. The car (deeply, suddenly) stopped in the middle of the street.

4. A lot of different experiments are performed at the (library, theatre, laboratory).

5. The students believe that they will be given any opportunity (to go on, to stop).

6. The laboratory has modern (date, facilities and tasks).

7. The tunnel is (under, between, over) the ground.

8. The building of this new institute has been completed (tomorrow, recently, two months ago).