
- •Введение
- •Contents
- •Introduction to legal english Before you start
- •Concept
- •Part 1.Terminology basics
- •Fundamentals
- •I. Origin of some basic words
- •1. Law and Legal
- •3. The word jury has a different origin
- •2. Impersonal sentences
- •3. Passive constructions
- •Development Exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Part 2.The concept of law and areas of law fundamentals
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Areas of law
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7 Business Law
- •Part 3. How to look up words in a dictionary
- •Unit II state structure: legislative branch of power Before you start
- •Part 1. Legislation process in the united kingdom fundamentals The uk Parliament
- •Exercise 1
- •Exercise 4
- •How laws are made in the uk Parliament
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Exercise 8
- •Video script
- •Uk Executive Branch of Power
- •How Bill Becomes Law in the usa
- •Exercise 10
- •Exercise 14
- •Internet Search. Visiting the site of the Congress.
- •The Executive Branch of Power in the usa
- •The russian federation chapter
- •Part 3. How to make presentations
- •Presentation
- •Introduction
- •Unit III state structure: judicial branch of power Before you start
- •Part 1. The uk justice system
- •Exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Development Exercise 8
- •Part 2. The us justice system
- •Fundamentals
- •Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Development State court system
- •Exercise 11
- •Exercise 12
- •Exercise 13
- •Internet research
- •Exercise 14
- •The russian federation chapter
- •Part 3. How to conduct discussions and hold meetings
- •1. Chairperson conducts a meeting or discussion
- •2. Audience’s interaction with the speaker
- •3. The speaker’s reaction to the questions and comments.
- •Sequencing and connecting ideas
- •Unit IV legal systems Before you start
- •Exercise 2
- •Henry II of England
- •The third criterion
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Exercise 8
- •Exercise 9
- •Sources of Civil Law Exercise 10
- •Part 2. Precedent
- •Fundamentals
- •Exercise 11
- •Development Exercise 12
- •Exercise 13
- •Exercise 14
- •Miranda V. Arizona (1966)
- •Gideon V Wainwright (1963)
- •Brown V. Board of Education, 347 u.S. 483 (1954)
- •The russian federation chapter
- •Information that law students search in Internet
- •Unit V. Wrongs and offences. Before you start
- •Part 1. Torts as civil wrongs fundamentals Exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Intentional torts
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 7
- •Exercise 8
- •Exercise 9
- •Internet research
- •Exercise 12
- •Exercise 13
- •Exercise 14
- •Exercise 15
- •Development Exercise 16
- •Exercise 17
- •4. Note hate crime – преступление на почве ненависти; преступление на почве этнической ненависти
- •Exercise 18
- •Internet research
- •The russian federation chapter
- •Part 3. How to provide arguments in a dispute
- •Unit VI legal education Before you start
- •Part 1. Becoming an attorney (us) fundamentals
- •How to become a lawyer in the usa
- •Interview with an American attorney
- •Exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Development Exercise 5
- •Internet Research
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7.
- •Part 2. Becoming a solicitor or barrister (uk) fundamentals
- •Exercise 8
- •Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Internet research.
- •Exercise 11
- •The russian federation chapter
- •Part 3. How law students keep up legal correspondence
- •Internship advertisement
- •Unit VII legal professionals Before you start
- •Concept
- •Part 1. Law and law-related professions
- •Exercise 1
- •Fundamentals
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Development Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Exercise 6
- •Exercise 7
- •Interview with a Finance Lawyer
- •Exercise 8
- •Part 2. Law firms and legal departments Exercise 9
- •Exercise 10
- •Exercise 11
- •Exercise 12
- •Exercise 13
- •Exercise 14
- •1. Providing legal advice and guidance
- •2. Prosecution of cases in courts and litigation management
- •3. Documentation preparation and drafting
- •The russian federation chapter
- •Part 3. How law professionals keep up legal correspondence
- •Correspondence phrase bank basics
- •The russian federation chapter
- •Bibliography
- •Заключение
Exercise 14
Famous precedent cases
Get to know how precedents work. Some precedents on the past were not only applied in lower courts to help judges in the decision making. The significant higher court decisions changed some procedural matters and even social order. Use a dictionary to find some words you don’t know.
Miranda V. Arizona (1966)
Miranda v. Arizona was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case which established the legal precedent that people who have been arrested by the police cannot confess, or incriminate themselves, under interrogation unless and until they have been informed of certain basic legal rights. This is now known as the Miranda warning, after the name of the defendant in the 1966 case, and currently requires police officers to inform suspects that (in the popularly known formulation) they have the right to remain silent, the right to a lawyer from the very start, and the right to legal aid if they cannot afford their own lawyer, as well as the caution that if they choose not to remain silent, the prosecutor has the right use their own words against them at trial.
Miranda, or Ernesto Miranda, was accused of having raped a girl, captured by police who using threats and beating made him write the confession against himself. After conviction his lawyer later managed to bring the case to the Supreme Court that issued the famous decision.
Gideon V Wainwright (1963)
Gideon was accused of breaking into a poolroom (billiards room) and committed a burglary. Gideon was too poor to pay for a lawyer and asked the court to appoint one for him. The court refused to grant his request stating that lawyers were only provided for those accused of committing capital crimes like murder, rape, etc. Gideon was tried and was forced to defend himself. While in prison Gideon wrote a plea to the Supreme Court and was granted a hearing. At this point he received representation from lawyers who were attracted to his case. Gideon argued that his right to a fair trial was violated.
Gideon's position was upheld. The Court ruled that all citizens must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one. This is regardless of the type of crime.
Brown V. Board of Education, 347 u.S. 483 (1954)
Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional. Under that precedential decision lower courts had to decide cases of racial discrimination in favour of the plaintiffs.
The russian federation chapter
Translate the chart into English. Speak about two systems comparing them.
Вопросы для сравнения |
Россия |
США |
Особенности правовой системы |
- принадлежность к романо-германской правовой семье - провозглашение привилегию международно-признанных прав человека - деление права на публичное и частное деление права на отрасли и подотрасли |
- принадлежность к общему праву - в отдельных штатах под влиянием французской и испанской правовой системы наличие принципов романо-германского права - наличие кодификации - наличие отраслей как областей права |
Источники права |
- конституция - законы - подзаконные акты - договор о разграничении полномочий между федеральными органами государственной власти РФ и органами государственной власти субъектов РФ - международные правовые акты - правовой обычай |
- конституция - законодательные акты конгресса - нормы общего права (прецедент) - законодательные акты штатов как субъектов федерации - нормативные документы муниципального значения |
Кодификация законодательства |
- собрание законодательства РФ - кодексы, регулирующие отрасли права |
- свод законодательства США - своды законодательства отдельных штатов |
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© «Учительская газета» №07 (10036) / 2005-02-22
Постоянный адрес статьи:http://www.ug.ru/?action=topic&toid=8418
(редакция автора – Илиади Ю.А.)
PART 3. HOW AND WHERE TO SERACH LEGAL INFORMATION
Core Vocabulary – look through to find out what you know how to translate:
bookmark; host; cache; cookie; hypertext; download; domain name; link; paste; browse, history
mouseover hover over the page
What is behind the following abbreviations?
PDF; URL; XML; html; RSS;
Use online dictionary to check - www.multitran.ru
Are you a competent Internet user?
Which English-language-based search engine do you use: GOOGLE.com or YAHOO.com?
What do you browse the Web for – information, reading matter, films, games (social networks not included here)?
How do you perform the search? Below are some words and phrases to help you:
click mouse point type a keyword links address bar navigate select file name
What user’s action is described here:
You navigate through the links to select the suitable one, then you use the mouse to hover over the page to find the necessary information which you highlight and save clicking “save” on the toolbar. Then you return to your document page and paste the text on to the page.
What do you use the tool “Bookmarks” or Favourites” for?
What does the Web page address consist of?
http www domain name top level domain name html
How to search the Internet
Find the best combination of key words to locate information you need;
Enter these in the search engine
Review the number of options returned.
If there are too many web sites, add more keywords.
If there are too few options, narrow/delete some keywords, or substitute other key words
Review the first pages returned:
If these are not helpful, review your key words for a better description
Task 1
Search for the word legislation in Internet and find the most suitable brief information.
Use Advanced Search options in search engines
Search options include
Key word combinations (all words or this exact word or any of these words)
Locations where key words are found For example: in the title, 1st paragraphs, coded metadata
Languages to search in
Region
Dates web sites were created or updated
Site or domain
File type (any, PDF, .xls)
Task 2
Using advanced search find out unfair dismissal precedent case in the option Region click United Kingdom.