- •Практикум по грамматике английского языка для студентов первого курса
- •Часть 2 Lesson 1
- •I. Open the brackets:
- •II. Translate into English:
- •III. Insert articles:
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •V. Transform the following sentences into questions beginning with "How long":
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Translate the following sentences and say whether the Present Perfect Continuous Inclusive or Exclusive should be used:
- •VIII. Put the verbs in brackets into a suitable tense:
- •Lesson 2
- •I. Complete the following using the Present Perfect Continuous Exclusive:
- •II. Open the brackets. Use the Present Continuous, The Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous Tenses:
- •III. Translate into English:
- •IV. Ask and answer questions:
- •V. Ask and answer questions according to the model. Pay attention to the tense-forms. Use the following verbs: to read, to write, to discuss, to prepare, to look through.
- •VI. Insert the correct article if necessary in the blank spaces:
- •Lesson 3
- •I. Comment on the use of tenses in the following dialogue:
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Let's do oral translation. I'll read you a Russian sentence and you name the tense of the verb used n it. Then give the form of the verb.
- •IV. Conjugate the verbs in the bracket. Contrast the Present Perfect with the Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
- •V. Use the conjunction "since" to connect the following sentences:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences. Use the Present or Past Continuous, the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
- •VII. Insert the correct article in the blank spaces: a lion and Mouse.
- •Lesson 4
- •I. Conjugate the verbs in brackets. Contrast the Present Perfect with the Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
- •II. Translate into English:
- •III. Complete the following sentences using the Present Perfect Continuous:
- •IV. Make up your own sentences combining the word-phrases given below.
- •V. Make dialogues out of the following stories. Pay attention to the use of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense: a True Heart.
- •Bad Manners.
- •Lesson 5
- •I. State the type of the Past Perfect Tense:
- •II. Combine the following pairs of sentences so that one sentence is in the Past Perfect Tense. Add any words you need:
- •III. Complete the following sentences using the Past Perfect Tense:
- •IV. Practise the following according to the model:
- •V. Translate into English:
- •VI. Insert the articles:
- •Lesson 6
- •I. Make up dialogues on the following model, replacing the phrase underlined in the model by each of the phrases below:
- •II. Practise the Past Perfect Tense in Reported Speech:
- •III. Combine two simple sentences into one, using the Past Perfect Tense:
- •IV. Add explanations using the Past Perfect Tense:
- •V. Use the Past Perfect Tense where necessary:
- •VI. Construct sentences using the Past Perfect Tense:
- •VII. Translate into English using the Past Perfect Tense:
- •Lesson 7
- •I. Practise the following using The perfect Tense:
- •II. Construct sentences according to the model. Use the Past Perfect Tense:
- •III. Translate into Russian and then Back into English:
- •IV. Put down the following story. Use any tense that suits the situation:
- •V. Re tell the text using the Past Perfect forms where necessary. Discuss the text answering the questions:
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •VII. Translate into English, paying attention to the use of articles:
- •Lesson 8
- •I. Contrast the Past Indefinite with the Past Perfect Tense:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences into Russian and then back into English:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Translate into English:
- •Lesson 9
- •I. Practise the Past Perfect Continuous Tense according to the Model:
- •II. Complete the following sentences using the Past Perfect or the Past Perfect Continuous Tenses:
- •III. Make up situations with the following phrases, using the Past Perfect or the Past Perfect Continuous Tenses:
- •IV. Develop the givenclause into a complex of a compound sentence:
- •V. Translate into English:
- •VI. Translate into English (revision on tenses):
- •Lesson 10
- •I. Translate the following sentences using the Perfect Continuous Tense forms:
- •II. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the use of the past tenses in "when-clauses":
- •III. Open the brackets using one of the Past Tenses:
- •IV. Analyse the relations of actions:
- •V. Open the brackets. Show different relations between actions:
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •VII. Insert the articles, if necessary:
- •Lesson 11
- •I. Change the verb in the principle clause into the Past Tense. Make all the necessary changes in the subordinate clauses:
- •II. Change the following sentences into indirect speech:
- •III. Translate the part in the brackets into English:
- •V. Translate into English:
- •VI. Choose the most suitable of all the past tenses and give reasons for your choice:
- •VII. Insert articles if necessary: Paul Robeson
- •Lesson 12
- •I. Replace the infinitives in brackets with the most suitable tenses:
- •II. Change the following sentences (statements, general and special questions, requests and commands) into indirect speech:
- •III. Translate into English:
- •IV. Make up a compound or a complex sentence using the given clause. Use the Past Tenses:
- •V. Insert articles where necessary: How we kept Mother's birthday.
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •Lesson 13
- •I. Use the verbs in brackets in the required tense observing the rules of Sequence of Tenses:
- •II. Translate into English:
- •IV. Choose the suitable of all the past tenses:
- •V. Use the following sentences in situations:
- •VI. Insert the correct article in the blank spaces:
- •VII. Translate into England:
- •Lesson 14
- •I. Put the verbs in brackets into the Future Continuous or the Future Perfect:
- •II. Complete the following sentences using Future Continuous of Future Perfect:
- •III. Translate the following sentences:
- •IV. Change the words in brackets: Present of Mind.
- •True to Himself.
- •V. Finish the following stories using Past Tenses:
- •VI. Translate into English. Pay attention to the use of articles before the nouns school, town, table, bed, hospital etc.:
- •Lesson 15
- •Lesson 16
- •I. Ask question indicated in the brackets:
- •II. Answer the following question according to the model:
- •III. Open the brackets using the correct form of the Passive Voice:
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •Lesson 17
- •I. Put question to the underlined words:
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Change the following sentences into Passive wherever possible:
- •IV. Retell the following paragraph, after the second sentence, in indirect speech:
- •V. Translate into English:
- •Lesson 18
- •I. Use the Passive Voice in the following sentences. Remember that only one Passive Construction is possible with these verbs.
- •II. Translate into English:
- •III. Translate the underlined verbs. Retell the story:
- •IV. Insert the required articles:
- •Lesson 19
- •I. Translate into English:
- •II. Develope the given clause into a complex of a compound sentence:
- •III. Complete the following sentences so as to build up a situation. Use the Passive Voice:
- •IV. Compose the situation using the following sentences:
- •V. Translate into English (revision on tenses);
- •Lesson 20
- •I. Paraphrase the following sentences, using Complex Object according to the model:
- •II. Use either the infinitive or Participle I of the verb in brackets as the second element of the Complex Object:
- •III. Translate the following sentences using Complex Object:
- •Lesson 21
- •I. Paraphrase the following sentences, using a complex object either with Participle I or Infinitive according to the sense:
- •II. Answer the following questions, using Complex object. Make use of suggestion.
- •III. Complete the following sentences (based on the book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by m.Twain). Retell the episode using some of the sentences.
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •V. Speak on the following situations. Use the Passive Voice.
- •VI. Translate into English.
- •Lesson 22
- •I. Translate into English.
- •II. Translate the following sentences using a complex object or a subordinate clause according to the sense of the verb.
- •III. Retell the episodes using the following sentences:
- •Robinson and Friday
- •2. Gulliver and the Enemy Ships.
- •IV. Translate into English (Passive Voice):
- •Lesson 23
- •I. Remove the brackets. Use a complex object construction or an object clause:
- •II. Retell in English, use Complex Object wherever possible:
- •III. Use each of the following sentences in a short dialogue:
- •IV. Translate the sentences:
- •V. Insert the article where necessary:
- •Lesson 24
- •I. Translate into English the following short dialogues:
- •II. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets:
- •In the Dining-Car
- •III. Retell in indirect speech: Blackmail
- •The Sympathetic Landlord
- •What else Could He Do?
- •IV. Translate into English. Pay attention to the use of articles:
- •Lesson 25
- •I. Make up dialogues around the following sentences:
- •II. Translate into English:
- •III. Open the brackets, using the required tense:
- •III. Insert articles where necessary:
- •Lesson 26
- •I. Make up dialogues around the following sentences:
- •II. Use required tense:
- •III. Translate into English:
- •IV. Insert articles where necessary:
- •Lesson 27
- •I. Use the required tense form:
- •II. Translate into English:
- •III. Insert articles where necessary:
- •Lesson 28
- •I. Use the correct tense form of the verbs:
- •II. Translate into English:
- •III. Insert the required articles:
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •Lesson 29
- •I. Answer the following questions using the Oblique Moods:
- •II. Translate into English:
- •III. Translate into English:
- •IV. Insert the required article. A Laconic Answer
- •Lesson 30
- •I. Put the verbs in brackets into the required tense:
- •II. Translate into English:
- •III. Use the required mood.
IV. Ask and answer questions:
1. Давно Вы встречаетесь друг с другом? 2. С какого дня Вы больны? 3. Сколько времени Вы делаете эту работу? 4. Давно они гостят у Вас? 5. Как давно Вы не получаете от него известий? 6. Давно Вы не видели его? 7. Давно Вы живете в Москве? 8. Давно Вы изучаете английский? 9. Сколько времени Вы учитесь в этом институте? 10. Сколько времени вы изучаете the Present Perfect Continuous T.? 11. Вы давно здесь сидите? 12. Ты давно читаешь эту книгу?
V. Ask and answer questions according to the model. Pay attention to the tense-forms. Use the following verbs: to read, to write, to discuss, to prepare, to look through.
Model: - What are you doing now?
I am translating an article.
When did you begin translating it?
How long have you been translating it?
How much have you translating?
VI. Insert the correct article if necessary in the blank spaces:
1. He was … brave boy and was not afraid to go into … darkness. 2. I'd like to have … of tea with … lemon. 3. There were about twenty people in … classroom, sitting on … benches and standing in … middle of … room. 4. He came to one of … men and asked him … question. 5. Don't be late for … dinner. 6. … cigarette is made of … tobacco and … paper. 7. … grass always grows in … field. 8. … cat has … tail. 9. … Coffee is … drink. 10. We eat … soup with … spoon.
Lesson 3
The Use of Tenses.
I. Comment on the use of tenses in the following dialogue:
A.: Have you heard that Mr. Pitt has been trying to train his dog to obey him. He has been at it all day and is very tired.
B.: Is the dog tired too?
A.: No, he thoroughly enjoyed it.
B.: I've always known that dogs are often disobedient.
A.: I think that Mr. Pitt, who has been sweating all day, has just discovered that for himself.
II. Answer the following questions:
1. When did you come to the Institute? 2. Have you been here since 8? 3. How long have you been here? 4. Have you been here for an hour? 5. How long have you been sitting here? 6. How long have you been living in Moscow? 7. How long have you been taking lessons from me? 8. Have you been studying English since September? 9. How long have you been listening to me? 10. How long have you been studying at this Institute?
III. Let's do oral translation. I'll read you a Russian sentence and you name the tense of the verb used n it. Then give the form of the verb.
1. Какую статью вы сейчас переводите? – Я перевожу статью об английском климате. 2. Я не перевела ни строчки, с тех пор как Вы пришли. 3. Сколько статей вы перевели в этом году? 4. Что вы здесь делали в мое отсутствие? – Я переводила статью. Вот мой перевод. 5. "Бог ведает", - отвечала смотрительница, - "какой-то француз вот уже пять часов дожидается Вас, да свищет". 6. "Я был уведомлен о твоем приезде. Жду тебя со вчерашнего дня", - сказал он. 7. "Что я тебе сделал?" – спросил он, в недоумении моргая глазами. – " Я сегодня у тебя в кабинете не был и ничего не трогал". 8. "Сейчас Наталья Семеновна жаловалась мне, что ты куришь … Это правда? Ты куришь?"
IV. Conjugate the verbs in the bracket. Contrast the Present Perfect with the Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
1. Now that I (to finish) "Oliver Twist", I'll read "A Tale of Two Cities". 2. We (to be) students of this Institute for the last two years. 3. He (to talk) for hours and soon he will have to stop. 4. The workmen (to build) our classroom since last Nay. 5. My brother recently (to enter) the Institute. 6. My teacher (to correct) notebooks for 3 hours and not (to finish) yet. 7. I (to understand) everything you (to say) for the last twenty minutes. 8. His father (to smoke) cigarettes for 20 years and now (be advised) by his doctor to stop. 9. He not (visit) us since 1973. 10. I (wait) for him since half past eight and I'll wait only another 5 minutes. 11. We (walk) ten miles. 12. We (talk) for three hours. 13. You (walk) too fast. That's why you are tired. 14. I (darn) socks all the morning. 15. How many pairs you (darn)? 16. He (eat) since he arrived. 17. The boy (eat) seven ice-creams. 18. I (sleep) on every bed in this house. 19. He (sleep) since 8 o'clock. It's time for him to get up. 20. What a lovely smell. Mary (make) jam. 21. I (look) for mushrooms but I (not to find) any. 22. He (teach) at school for 5 years. 23. He (cough) a lot lately. He must give up smoking. 24. I (know) about it for ages. 25. It (rain) for 2 hours. Is it ever going to stop?