Конструкция there is / there are

Оборот there + be употребляется в тех случаях, когда говорящий хочет подчеркнуть факт наличия (отсутствия) какого-либо предмета или явления, а не место, в котором последний находится.

Оборот переводится словами "есть, имеется, существует":

There are several classifications of these phenomena. –

Существует несколько классификаций этих явлений.

Если предложение, содержащее рассматриваемый оборот, заканчивается обстоятельством места или времени, то перевод следует начинать с них:

There are many students in room 205. –

В аудитории 205 много студентов.

Глагол be в этом сочетании может функционировать в различных видовременных формах:

There is / are There has been / have been

There was / were Indefinite There had been Perfect

There will be There will have been

Число глагола be определяется по числу первого существительного, стоящего после этого оборота:

There is a table and В комнате стол и

two chairs in the room. два стула.

There are two chairs and В комнате два стула

a table in the room. и стол.

В вопросительных предложениях there ставится после соответствующей формы глагола to be:

Are there many students in room 205?

How many chairs are there in the room?

Отрицательная форма оборота there + be образуется путём добавления частицы no после соответствующей формы глагола be:

There are no clouds in the sky. На небе нет облаков.

Exercise 1. Заполните пропуски, используя глагол to be в правильной форме.

1. There … a round table in the centre of the room.

2. How many rooms … there in your flat?

3. There … much snow outside.

4. How many students … there in your group?

5. In our academy there … two departments in 1930.

6. What … there in your kitchen? – There … a fridge, a freezer, a dishwasher and other equipment.

7. There … much work last week.

8. There … 7 days in a week.

9. There … many places of interest in London.

10. There … a conference next week.

Exercise 2. Составьте предложения с оборотом there be.

Example: There is a new chair in the corner of the room.

There are flowers in the vase.

A new car, two students, an old house, much milk, a scientific library, a lot of institutions, six faculties, general educational and specialized subjects.

Exercise 3. Переведите на английский язык, используя конструкцию there is/are/will be или there was/were.

1. На моем столе лежит книга.

2. В группе 12 студентов.

3. В прошлом году было дождливое лето.

4. В этой аудитории много света.

5. На кухне нет холодильника.

6. В вашем доме есть камин?

7. Завтра в театре будет новая пьеса.

8. В моей сумке нет тетрадей.

9. Есть в твоем доме лифт?

10. В начале учебного года в нашей группе было 25 студентов.

Exercise 4. Опровергните высказывания.

Example: There is a table near the wall. – There is no table near the wall.

1. There is a bus in the street.

2. There is a doctor in the hospital.

3. There will be many new houses in our street soon.

4. There are many workers in the shop.

5. There are some trees here.

6. There was somebody in the room when I came.

7. There are magazines on the shelf.

8. There is a small lake in the country.

9. There are institutes, academies and universities in Omsk.

10. Some years ago there were many old houses in our street.

Exercise 5. Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.

1. There were many people at the tram stop in the morning.

2. There are theatres in our city.

3. There will be a lot of students at our academy next year.

4. There was a lecture on maths at the academy on Monday.

5. There will be a new plant not far from my house.

6. There is a telephone in your flat.

Exercise 6. Найдите ошибки и исправьте их.

1. There is many people in the office.

2. Are there any cheese in the fridge?

3. There are a lot of trees in the park.

4. There isn’t some pens on the desk.

5. Is there a concert tomorrow?

6. There are paper and other things in the case.

7. There isn’t many traffic in the countryside.

8. There will be lots of people in the cinema last time.

Exercise 7. Составьте предложения, используя there be.

Example: on my desk / a book – There is a book on my desk.

1. a map / on the wall;

2. three windows / in this room;

3. a postgraduate department / at the SibADI;

4. a lot of books / on the bookshelf;

5. many students / in the hall;

6. a nice picture / in the book;

7. five members / in my family;

8. a great deal of theatres / in our city;

9. over 9000 students / at our academy;

10. modern multi-storey buildings and small old houses / in Omsk.

Exercise 8. Дайте краткие ответы на вопросы.

1. Are there many pieces of furniture in your flat?

2. Was there a lecture on physics at the academy yesterday?

3. Is there a book on the teacher’s desk?

4. Will there be a competition at your university tomorrow?

5. Is there a phone in your flat?

6. Were there many students at the first lecture on history?

7. Will there be a discussion after this lecture?

8. Are there five lifts in their ten-storey house?

9. Is there little light here?

10. Will there be many buses in the street next week?

Exercise 9. Ответьте на вопросы и составьте предложения, используя слова в скобках (работа в парах).

Example: Are there any books on the shelves? (magazines / near that box).

• No, there aren’t any books. There are some magazines.

• Where are they?

• They’re near that box.

1. Are there any computers in this lecture hall? (a TV-set, tape-recorder / in the classroom).

2. Are there any specialized subjects in the first course? (general-

educational subjects / in the third and fourth courses).

3. Are there 50 states in Russia? (83 Regions / in the USA).

4. Is there a president in the UK? (a queen / in Russia).

5. Is there a chancellor in the USA? (a president / in Germany).

Exercise 10. Перестройте следующие предложения в прошедшее и будущее время.

1. There are some difficult exercises in this text-book.

2. There is a shop in our house.

3. There are many easy texts in the book.

4. There are many new machines in our shop (цех).

5. There is much air in the room.

6. There is no noise in our street.

7. There are some people near the tractor.

8. There is a bus near the post office.

9. There are many people on the pavement.

10. There is a lorry in the street.

UNIT 3