Контрольна робота №1 Для спеціальності «Практична психологія», 1 курс, заочна форма навчання

Варіант 1.

Вправа 1. Перепишіть наступні речення, підкресліть дієслово-присудок та визначте його часову форму й стан. Перекладіть на українську мову.

Наприклад: Hearing depends on vibrations of the air.

Depends on – Present Simple Active від дієслова to depend.

1. Psychologists refer to all cognitive and mental activities as information processing.

2. The information is transferred to long-term memory.

3. You will focus on the selected information.

4. Gestalt Psychology was founded by Max Wertheimer, a professor from Berlin (1880-1943).

5. The brain receives information from senses.

Вправа 2. Перепишіть речення. Підкресліть Participle I & II та визначте функцію кожного з них, тобто вкажіть, чи є воно означенням, обставиною або частиною дієслова-присудка. Перекладіть речення на українську мову.

1. The information can be retrieved from memory.

2. This process involves characteristics of incoming information.

3. Stored information may be useless.

Вправа 3. Знайдіть у тексті 5 слів, утворених по конверсії та перекладіть їх у значенні іменника й дієслова.

Наприклад: Work – робота , to work – робити

Вправа 4. Утворіть прислівники та іменники за допомогою суфіксів та перекладіть їх

A -ly: usual, rapid, slow, wide, high

B -tion: to inform, to produce, to extract, to connect, to locate

Вправа 5. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть текст

Cognitive processes

Psychologists refer to all cognitive and mental activities as information processing. This involves three steps: input, central processing, and output. Input is the information people receive from their senses. Central processing is the storing (in memory) and sorting (by thought) of this information in the brain. Output refers to the ideas and actions that result from processing.

The brain receives information, analyses, identifies, and simplifies it so that it can be stored and handled for a longer time. This is central processing in which memory and thinking are involved, the two cognitive processes.

The ability to choose among the various available inputs is called selective attention. It is only the first step in narrowing down input. The second step is to decide which aspects of the selected information you will focus on. This process, called feature extraction, involves locating the outstanding characteristics of incoming information.

In order to be used, the inputs that reach the brain must be registered, perhaps “filed” for future reference. We call the storage of inputs memory. Memory is the way in which we record the past, the act of remembering.

The things you have in your conscious mind at any moment are being held in short-term memory. If the information is worth holding into, it must be transferred to long-term memory.

Stored information is useless unless it can be retrieved from memory. By means of storage and retrieval we can handle information. We can only create new information with thinking. By thinking, humans are able to put together any combination of previous experience from memory and create something new.

Вправа 6. Поставте запитання до виділених слів