Tenses in the active voice:

	Simple v/v+s/es (факты, повторяющиеся действия; постоянные действия; повторяющиеся привычные действия; всемирно известные истины; инструкции, команды; просьбы; истории/сказки/анегдоты/статьи и т.д.; расписание общественных мероприятий; рекомендации или советы.	Continuous To be +ving (действие/я происходит/ят в данный момент; находятся в расвитии;начались в прошлом, происходят в данный момент и продляться в будущем; происходят в ограниченный период времени (временные ситуации/текущие события); ситуации меняются и мы не можем повлиять на эти изменения; привычки, которые нас раздражают или нравяться нам; коментарии с места событий; планы/расписание ЛЮДЕЙ	Perfect Have/has +v3 (законченное действие, но есть связь с настоящим; опыт; выражает действие, которое началось в прошлом, длиться сейчас и продолжиться в будущем)	Perfect Continuous Have/has been doing (действие началось в прошлом, но не закончено к настоящему моменту; действие длилось какой-то период времени, оно закончено, но показатель периода присутствует и есть результат в настоящем)
Present	Always, usually, often, seldom, sometimes, as a rule, every day/week/month/year, from time to time, regularly	Now, at that time, at this moment, these days, on holidays, this week, etc.	Already, just, ever, never, yet, today, lately, this week/month /year, for, since.	For (two weeks/ for three house); since two o’clock; the whole day/week etc.
	I, you, we, they work He, she, it works	I am working He, she, it is working You, we, they are working	I, you, we, they have done He, she, it has done.	I, you, we, they have been doing. He, she, it has been doing.
	It often rains here. Does it often rain here? –Yes, it does/No, it doesn’t Do you know it? – Yes, I do/No, I don’t	It is raining now. Is it raining now? – Yes, it is/No, it isn’t	It has just rained here. Has it just rained here? – Yes, it has/No, it hasn’t. It has rained for two weeks.	It has been raining for two hours. I can’t go out. How long has it been raining? – Since morning.

Примечание: пять категорий глаголов которые обозначают: 1. Способность работы головного мозга; 2. Физическое состояние/возможность; 3. Чувства/Желания; 4. Обладание чем-либо/владение/принадлежность; 5. Постоянное состояние не употреблятся во времени Continuous, Perfect Continuous.

1. To think, to remember, to revise, to understand, to realize(= to understand) etc. But to think about/of: I am thinking about you.

2. To see, to smell, to hear, to taste:

1. I am seeing with my boss tomorrow.

2. I am smelling the flower.

3. Shhhh…. Are you hearing this noise?

4. I am tasting the soup.

3. To feel

He is ill, but he is feeling better. The girl is feeling the cat’s fur.

4. To weigh

The shop assistant is weighing the tomatoes.

5. To have breakfast/lunch/dinner; to have a talk/negotiations etc.

We are having dinner at the moment, I will call you later.

Remember about to be : My son is being naughty today.

Exercises:

1 Change the sentences from positive into negative and put different types of questions to the following sentences:

1. She works very hard.

2. It usually snows here in winter.

3. I like a big breakfast every morning.

4. The film starts very early.

5. He swims every morning.

6. They always open the windows at night.

7. We often see our neighbors in the garden.

8. Chris goes on holiday every year.

9. You drive very fast.

10. These young children learn very quickly.

11. This book belongs to me.

13. She says she wants to see Tom.

14. I know how old she is.

2 Make the sentences with the verbs in the present continuous:

1. John and I (stay) in a beautiful hotel.

2. Kevin (work) at home today.

3. Sue and Joe (make) a cake for tea.

4. I (wait) for a letter from my parents.

5. You (walk) too fast.

6. We (plan) our next holiday.

7. She (read) in her room at the moment.

8. I (try) to listen to the radio but it's very noisy in here.

9. The sun (shine) beautifully today.

10. Greg's in the kitchen now. She (cook) the dinner.

11. You (study) too hard for this exam.

12. Where's Ann? - She (have) a shower.

13. Where is Tom? - He (lie) under the car.

14. She (rest) now. She always rests after dinner.

15. I can't hear what you (say), the traffic (make) too much

3 Complete the sentences. Use the Simple Present or Present Continuous:

1. Alice (take, not) the bus to school every day. She usually (walk) instead. (Take, you) the bus to get to the University every day or (walk, you).

2. It (rain) right now. The sun (shine). (Rain, it) here a lot?

3. Right now I (look) at the blackboard. I (see) some words on it.

4. I (need) to call my parents today and tell them about my new apartment. They can’t call me because they (know, not) my telephone number.

5. Right now the children (be) at the beach. They (have) a good time. They (have) a beach ball and they (play) with it.

6. Sam is at the library. He (sit) at a table. He (write) a composition. He (use) a dictionary to look up the words spelling. The dictionary (belong) to his roommate. Sam (look) up words in the dictionary because he (want) to make sure that he doesn’t have any misspelled in his paper.

4 put the verbs in the brackets into the present perfect:

1. I (work) very hard for this report.

2. (Answerer) Jenny your letter?

3. She likes him, but she (love)never him.

4. Why are the police here? What (happen)?

5.Thank you for everything. You (help) me a lot.

6. Where you (be)? – I (be) to the dentist.

7. Would you like some coffee? – I just (make) some.

8. Mary never (fly) a plane.

9. The play just (begin). You are a little bit late.

10. I (lose) my gloves. You (see) them anywhere?

5 Choose the correct form:

1. We’ve been working/We have worked since 9 o’clock.

2. I’ve been cleaning/I’m cleaning my flat for the past two hours.

3. Look. Can you see Simon over there? He’s been sitting/He is sitting in the corner.

4. How long have you been /are you ill? –Since yesterday.

5. Have you known Sara/ Do you know Sara for very long?

6. I’ve been learning English/I am learning English since last year.

7. They’ve lived/They live in London now. They’ve been/They are there for the last six month.

6 Translate into English:

1. Тебе не надо идти в кассу. Я уже заказал билеты по телефону.

2. Где ваш брат? Я давно его не вижу.- Он сейчас живет во Франции.

3. Ты уже перевел текст? – Нет, в нем много незнакомых слов.

4. Как долго вы живете в Лондоне? – С 1995.

5. Целый вечер моя жена пишет письма. Она написала уже 5 писем.

6. Позвони ему сейчас. Я думаю он не спит.

7. Мой отец хорошо знает английский язык. Он читает английские книги без словаря.

8. Кому принадлежит этот дом?

9. Надчем вы смеетесь? – Том рассказывает смешные истории.

10. Мой поезд отправляется в 6.30.

	Simple V+ed/v2 Факты, повторяющиеся действия; постоянные действия; повторяющиеся привычные действия; истории/сказки/анегдоты/статьи и т.д.; расписание общественных мероприятий; рекомендации или советы, которые имели место в прошлом и никак не связаны с настоящим.	Continuous Was/were +ving Действие/я происходило/ли в определенный момент в прошлом; находлось/лись в расвитии; происходло/ли в ограниченный период времени в прошлом (временные ситуации/текущие события); ситуация/и менялась/лись и мы не могли повлиять на эти изменения; привычки, которые нас раздражали или нравились нам.	Perfect Had +v3 Действие закончилось к определенному моменту в прошлом; одно действие является предшествуюшим другому.	Perfect Continuous Had been doing Действие началось в прошлом, и закончено к моменту в прошлом; действие длилось какой-то период времени, оно закончено, но показатель периода присутствует.
Past	Yesterday, ago, last week/month/year, in 1987, last night, just now, When…? Then, etc.	At 5 o’clock yesterday, from 5 till 7 yesterday, at that time yesterday, the whole day yesterday, while, when he came in; etc.	By 5 o’clock yesterday, by that time yesterday, by the end of the last year, before, before he came, etc.	For (two hours before he came); since 9 o’clock; for two hours by the time he came, etc.
	I, you, we, they He, she, it worked/ went	I, he, she, it was working You, we, they were working	I, you, he, she, it we, they had done.	I, you, he, she, it we, they had been doing.
	It rained yesterday. Did it rain yesterday? –Yes, it did/No, it didn’t Did you know it? – Yes, I did/No, I didn’t	It was raining at 3 o’clock yesterday. Was it raining at 3 o’clock yesterday? – Yes, it was/No, it wasn’t	It had rained by 5 o’clock yesterday. Had it rained by 5 o’clock yesterday? – Yes, it had/No, it hadn’t. It had rained by the time he came.	It had been raining for two hours yesterday. I couldn’t go out. How long had it been raining by the time you came home?.

Exercises:

1 Put the verbs into Past Simple:

Where you (go) for your last summer holiday?

- We (go) to Egypt.

- Oh really? How interesting! You (enjoy) it?

- Oh yes, we (do). Paul (love) the river Nile and I (think) the

pyramids and all the historical sights (be) fascinating.

- How long you (stay)?

- For four weeks. We (be) there for the whole of October.

- How nice. So you (have) lots of time to travel round.

- Yes, we (do), well, quite a lot. But we only (see) a few places so I'd like to go again.

- You (learn) any Egyptian Arabic?

- I (do), but Paul (not/do). I (study) the language for a few weeks before we (go). I (find) a good Arabic language cassette in the local library and that (be) very helpful.

- You (talk) to the local people?

- Not really, but I (know) how to order food and drink in the cafes and restaurants.

- Well, that's good.

- Yes, it is, but I (want) to talk to people too so I'm still studying Arabic and I hope to go again next year.

2 Put the verbs in brackets into the past continuous tense:

1. The children were frightened because it (get) dark.

2. Who you (talk) to on the phone as I came in? -I (talk) to Mr. Pitt.

3. While he (learn) to drive he had twenty accidents.

4. This time yesterday I (not work); I (lie) on the beach.

5. Tom ate nothing for lunch because he (diet). He said he (try) to lose 10 kilos.

6. The house was in great disorder because he (redecorate) it.

7. She (stand) at the bus stop. I asked her what bus she (wait) for.

8. From the sounds it was clear that Mary (practice) the piano.

9. Tom (sit) in the corner with a book. I told him that he (read) in very bad light.

10. Just as I (wonder) what to do next, the phone rang.

11. I was alone in the house at that time because Mr. Jones (work) in the garage and Mrs. Jones (shop).

12. Where he (live) when you saw him last?

13. The traffic (make) so much noise that I couldn't hear what (say).

14. When I walked in they all (talk) about a new film.

15. I (look) for my purse in every corner of the room.

3 Supply suitable past tenses (simple or progressive).

1. He (sit) in a cafe when I (see) him.

2. When I (go) out the sun (shine).

3. The boy (fall down) while he (run).

4. The light (go out) while I (have) tea.

5. My friends (sing) when I (come) into the room.

6. While you (play) the piano, I (write) a letter.

7. He (eat) his dinner when I (go) to see him.

8. When grandma (go) for a walk she always (wear) the gloves.

9. When it (rain) she (carry) an umbrella.

10. When the phone (ring) I (have) a bath.

11. I (lay) the table for dinner while they (wash) their h

12. Large crowds (wait) at the station when the Minister (arrive).

13. He (lose) his watch while he (see) the sights of the

14. My sister (drop) two cups while she (wash up) last

15. He (eat) three sandwiches while you (talk) to him.

4. Complete the sentences using the correct tense forms:

1. Mr. and Mrs. Davis were in an airplane. They were very nervous as the plane took off because they (never, fly) before.

2. Why you (be) so angry when I (see) you yesterday? – oh, I (just have) a big argument with my parents.

3. I (try) contacting my pen pal when I (be) in the United States, but she (change) her address and no one (know) where she (move)to.

4. I (stand) there for nearly half an hour when I (realize) I (be) the wrong bus stop.

5. It (rain) hard but by the time the class (be) over, the rain (stop).

6. Oscar (train) for Olympics for the last three years and wanted to make the national team by the end of the year.

5 Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Вчера вечеро шел сильный дождь и мы не смогли пойти на стадион.

2. Кто видел вчера Елены?

3. Мы жили в Москве в течение 10 лет, а потом переехали в Минск.

4. Когда я пришел, мама все еще готовила обед.

5. Когда я вернулся домой, дети уже спали. Мама сказала, что они спят с 9 часов.

6. Мои родители заказали билеты заранее, и в начале иля мы отправились в Крым.

7. Она отдала мне письмо только после того, как я назвал свое имя.

8. Утро было солнечное, но с 10 часов погода изменилась и пошел дождь.

	Simple Will (shall) + v Факты или действия, которые будут повторяться регулярно или время от времени в будушем; когда предсказываем/предполагаем/надеемся/сомневаемся/уверены что какие-то события будут происходить, обещаем что-то.	Continuous Will (shall) be ving Действие будет происходить/длиться в определенный период времени в будущем.	Perfect Will have +v3 Действие завершится к определенному моменту в будущем.	Perfect Continuous Will have been doing Действие будет продолжаться какой-то период времени и еще не закончиться к определенному моменту в будущем.
Future	Tomorrow, next week/month/year; in a week; the day after tomorrow, in 2050 etc.	At 5 o’clock tomorrow; at this time tomorrow; the whole day tomorrow; from 5 till 7; when he comes; etc.	By 5 o’clock tomorrow; by this time tomorrow; by the end of the next week; before he comes, etc.	For two hours by that time; for a week by the time he comes; etc.
	I will (shall) help you. I will phone you, when I have free time.	I will be playing tennis at that time	I will have done my homework by the next lesson.	I will have been doing this test for two hours by 5 o’clock.
	Will you help me? – Yes, I will/No, I won’t.	Will you be playing tennis at that time tomorrow? - Yes, I will/No, I won’t.	Will you have done your home task by the next lesson? - Yes, I will/No, I won’t.	Will you have been doing this test for two hours by 5 o’clock? - Yes, I will/No, I won’t.

Примечание: В придаточных предложениях времени и условия, после союзов When, till/untill, before, after, as soon as, if, unless, in case, provided для описания будушего времени используются настоящие времена.

If he comes, I’ll be happy to see him. Or I’ll be happy to see him, if he comes.

Но:

1. если главное предложение в повелительном наклонении

2. если в главном предложении модальные глаголы

3. если в главном предложении говорится о всемирно известных истинах

4. если в главном предложении употреблено Present Continuous для выражения планов человека

5. если в главном предложении употреблено Present Simple для выражения общественных мероприятий

6. если в главном предложении употреблена конструкция to be going to do smth, которая выражает намерение что-то совершить

7. и после глагола to hope

ПОСЛЕ СОЮЗОВ УПОТРЕБЛЯЕТСЯ НАСТОЯШЕЕ ВРЕМЯ!

Exercises:

1. A salesman is trying to sell a computer. Complete what he tries with will /'ll,/won't.

This is an excellent machine which... give you many years of service. We ... install it for you. We ... even give you a special course to teach you how to use it. But you ... find it difficult to

learn. You ... soon see how easy it is to store information and to type letters with this computer. Now, about the payment. We ...ask you for immediate payment. We ... be OK if you make a small payment now, and you can pay the rest in three months: time. We... send you a letter to remind you.

What's more, we ... give you a 5 o,/o reduction on the market price. And, of course, the computer ... come to you with a two year guarantee.

But actually, you... need the guarantee, because there... be many problems with the machine. If there are, I... deal with them personally.

So you want to buy it? Good! I can tell you, sir, you ... be sorry! Actually, I ... give you this machine here in the showroom - It 's rather dusty. I... get you another one from the store

downstairs. Please wait a moment, sir.

I ... be back in a minute.

2. Put the verbs into the correct tense (present or future).

1. When he (return) I'11 give him the key.

2. I’ll stay in bed till the clock (strike) seven.

3. He (be) here before you go.

4. I (So) on doing it until he tells me to stop.

5. I don't know if I (be) there.

6. They haven't said when I (see) them again.

7. She’ll be delighted when she (hear) this.

8. When the Queen (arrive) the audience will stand up.

9. As soon as the holidays (begin) this beach will become very

crowded.

I0. Look before you (leap).

11. I don't know when I (find) a job.

12. Come back again soon if you (get) a chance.

13. Can you tell me when Mr. Ellis (be) here next?

14. When winter (start) the swallows will fly away to a warmer

15. All right I'll apologize if it (make) you feel better.

16. The lift (not/start) until you press that button.

17. He (ring) us up when he arrives in England?

18. I'll open the window when it (stop) raining.

19. If you (get) there first, keep a seat for me, please.

20. He’ll wash up before he (go) to bed.

3 The present continuous tense as a future form. Put the verbs in brackets into the present continuous tense.

1 They are going to drill for oil here. They (start) on Monday.

2 My uncle (make) a speech on Friday.

3 I (take) my sister to the ballet tomorrow.

4 She (call) for me at six.

5 He (play) at Wimbledon next summer.

6 I (meet) her at the station at ten.

7 The sales (not start) till Monday.

8 How you (get) to the party tomorrow? ~ I (go) by car. ~ Who (drive)?

9 The piano tuner (come) this afternoon.

10 You (give) him anything for his birthday? ~ Yes, I (give) him a dictionary.

11 The windows (be) cleaned today. Then we'll be able to see out.

12 She (come) out of hospital next week.

13 We (have) dinner early tonight as we (go) to the theatre.

14 Where you (go) for your holidays this year? ~ I (go) to Holland.

15 He (not give) a lecture tonight.

4. Put the verbs in brackets into the future continuous tense.

1 This time next month I (sit) on a beach.

2 When you arrive I probably (pick) fruit.

3 When we reach England it very likely (rain).

4 In a few days time we (fly) over the Pyrenees.

5 I'll call for her at eight. ~

No, don't; she still (have) breakfast then.

6 I (wait) for you when you come out.

7 When you next see me I (wear) my new dress.

8 My son will be in the sixth form next year. ~

That means that old Dr Adder (teach) him mathematics.

9 I'll give Jack your message. I can do it easily because I (see) him tomorrow. We go to

work on the same train.

10 You (do) geometry next term.

11 I'll look out for you at the parade. ~

Do, but I (wear) uniform so you may find it hard to recognize me.

12 We have to do night duty here. I (do) mine next week.

13 In a hundred years' time people (go) to Mars for their holidays.

14 He (use) the car this afternoon.

15 I (see) you again.

5.Put the verbs in brackets into the future perfect tense.

1 In a fortnight's time we (take) our exam.

2 I (finish) this book by tomorrow evening.

3 By this time tomorrow we (have) our injections.

4 By the end of next year I (be) here twenty-five years.

5 I'll still be here next summer but Tom (leave).

6 I (finish) this job in twenty minutes.

7 By next winter they (build) four houses in that field.

8 When we reach Valparaiso we (sail) all round the world.

9 At the rate he is going he (spend) all his money by the time he is twenty-one.

10 By this time next year I (save) Ј250.

11 By the time we get to the party everything (be) eaten.

12 The train (leave) before we reach the station.

13 If I continue with my diet I (lose) 10 kilos by the end of the month.

14 By the end of my university course I (attend) 1,200 lectures.

15 By the end of this week my illness (cost) me Ј100.

16 By the time that he leaves school his parents (spend) Ј25,000 on his education.

17 By the end of the term I (read) all twelve volumes.

18 When you come back I (finish) all the housework.

19 The police (hear) of the theft by this time.

20 We (drink) all that wine by the end of the year.

6. Translate from English into Russian:

1. Как только я приеду в Минск, я тебе напишу.

2. Если погода будет хорошая, мы пойдем в лес за грибами.

3. Пока я буду убирать квартиру, ты будешь готовить обед.

4. Я не знаю, придет ли Нина.

5. Что ты будешь делать, если никто не придет тебя встречать? – Я оставлю вещи в камере хранения и поеду на автобусе.

6. Давай завтра пойдем в кино.

7. Сколь времени вы уже женаты? – в будущем году исполниться 5 лет, как мы женаты.

8. В котором часу отправляется поезд? – В 7 часов вечера.

9. Куда ты едешь в отпуск? – Я еду в Крым. – Когда ты едешь? – я еду 5 августа.

10. Что ты делаешь завтра вечером? – Завтра вечером я буду играть в тенис.