7. Use the absolute Participial Construction in the subordinate clause.

Mo d e 1: As my mother was ill I couldn’t go to the concert.

My mother being ill, I couldn’t go to the concert.

1. When the work was over everybody went home.

2. As it was Sunday the shops were closed.

3. As it was very dark I could nothing there.

4. As the weather was fine they went for a walk.

5. When the experiment had been carried out they started new investigation.

UNIT 16

Grammar

ГЕРУНДИЙ

Герундий — это неличная форма глагола, соединяющая в себе свойства существительного и глагола. В этом отношении герундий сходен с инфинитивом, но отличается от него тем, что передает оттенок процесса действия.

В русском языке нет формы, соответствующей английскому герундию.

Формы герундия совпадают с формами причастия.

ФУНКЦИИ ГЕРУНДИЯ В ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИИ И СПОСОБЫ ЕГО ПЕРЕВОДА НА РУССКИЙ ЯЗЫК

Функции	Примеры	Перевод
Подлежащее	Swimming is my favourite sport.	Плавание — мой любимый вид спорта.
Часть составного сказуемого	Her aim is mastering English.	Ее цель — овладеть английским языком.
Дополнение	I don’t mind going there. She likes singing.	Я не возражаю (не против) пойти туда. Она любит петь.
Определение	There are different ways of solving this problem.	Существуют различные способы решения этой проблемы.
Обстоятельство	After returning home he resumed his work. Excuse me for not keeping my promise.	После возвращения домой (после того, как он вернулся домой, возвратившись домой) он возобновил работу. Извините, что я не сдержал обещания.

Exercises

1. Translate into Russian.

1. Swimming in cold water is unpleasant.

2. His having failed in the examination surprised everybody.

3. Don’t leave without telling us your new address.

4. On coming home I usually take a short rest.

5. They must be proud of having won the match.

6. I remember the document having been signed by both parties.

7. I insist on the decision being taken immediately.

2. Use gerund instead of subordinate clauses.

1. When you consider the question, don’t forget to use latest information on the subject. (In)

2. When the delegation completed its tour over the country, it left for home. (On)

3. Before you go to visit her, make sure she is at home.

4. A student can improve his pronunciation if he listens to the recorded texts. (By)

5. The students developed their speaking skills because they practiced their English every day. (Through)

3. Write a gerund in the required form, using the following verbs.

a) Perfect Active (to do — having done)

to fail, to make, to consider, to settle, to buy, to come, to discuss, to ask, to win, to tell, to pass.

b) Perfect Passive (to do — having been done)

to speak, to give, to discuss, to sign, to tell, to write, to open, to study, to show.