- •The verb - to be -
- •Exercises:
- •Complete the sentences with -am/am not-, -is/is not-, -are/are not-.
- •Write full sentences. Use am/is/are each time.
- •Write positive or negative sentences. Use am/am not, is/is not, are/are not.
- •Write short answer for these questions:
- •Now ask and answer the questions:
- •Ask the alternative questions and answer them:
- •Write questions with What/Who/How/Where/Why? Use am/is/are.
- •Complete the questions:
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Pronouns (Местоимения)
- •1. Personal Pronouns (Личные местоимения)
- •Finish the sentences with him/ her/ them.
- •Finish the sentences. Use me/ us/ him/ her/ it/ them.
- •Fill in the correct personal pronouns.
- •2. Possessive Pronouns (Притяжательные местоимения)
- •Complete the sentences with the possessive pronouns.
- •Put in the right (appropriate) possessive pronouns.
- •Put in my/our/your/his/her/their/its.
- •Choose the right word.
- •Fill in the blanks with appropriate possessive pronouns.
- •Revision
- •Fill in the correct personal or possessive pronouns.
- •Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
- •3. Reflexive Pronouns (Возвратные местоимения)
- •Finish the sentences with myself/himself/ ... Etc.
- •Complete each sentence using myself/yourself etc. With one of these verbs (in the correct form).
- •Complete the sentences. Use myself/yourself etc. Only where necessary. Use the verbs from the box.
- •Fill in each other or an appropriate reflexive pronoun.
- •Translate into English.
- •4. Demonstrative Pronouns
- •Make the following sentences plural (if possible).
- •Choose the right word.
- •Fill in this/that/these/those.
- •Translate into English.
- •Articles
- •Неопределённый артикль (The Indefinite Article)
- •Определённый артикль (The Definite Article)
- •Отсутствие артикля (Zero Article)
- •Exercises:
- •Put in a/an or the where necessary in these sentences.
- •Put in the where necessary. Write ‘okay’ if the sentence is correct.
- •Complete these sentences. Use the words in the list. Use the if necessary.
- •Look at the underlined words in these sentences. Which is right (the or the)?
- •Put in the where necessary. If the sentence is correct, write ‘okay’.
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Laboratory Work Countable and Uncountable Nouns
- •Exercises
- •In the dialogue, choose the correct option from the words in italics.
- •Cross out the incorrect alternative in the following sentences:
- •Match the words in box a with those in box b.
- •Use the expressions in Exercise V appropriately in the following sentences. (Translate the sentences.)
- •Complete the sentences using one of the following words. Sometimes the word needs to be plural (-s).
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Laboratory Work Nouns (Singular and Plural)
- •Give the plural of the following nouns.
- •Choose the correct plural of the nouns.
- •Make the sentences plural.
- •Make the following sentences singular (if possible).
- •Choose the correct form of the verb.
- •Translate the sentences:
- •The Possessive Case of Nouns (Притяжательный падеж существительных)
- •I. Look at the family tree and answer the questions:
- •II. Use the words in brackets in the possessive case. Translate the sentences.
- •III. Rewrite the following using the correct possessive form.
- •IV. Answer the questions. Use the ideas from the box.
- •V. Change the sentences. Use possessive case where possible.
- •VI. Add s/'s/' where necessary.
- •VII. Translate into English.
- •Laboratory Work There is/are
- •A) Complete the text with an appropriate forms of the verb to be (is, isn’t, are, aren’t).
- •A) Circle the best answer.
- •Describe your bedroom (room) using there is/are and words from the books.
- •Complete the sentences with there is/there are (not).
- •Choose the correct word for each sentence.
- •Put it or there in each space.
- •Underline the correct form of there is/there are. Make up 10 questions on the text. Describe your (or smb’s neighbourhood).
- •Translation into English.
Laboratory Work Nouns (Singular and Plural)
Множественное число существительных образуется путём добавления окончания -s, -es
Forms of Plural |
Patterns |
-es |
box – boxes, class – classes, dish – dishes; but: epoch – epochs, monarch – monarchs, stomach – stomachs |
-es -s |
family – families, factory – factories, city – cities; but: day – days, key – keys, play – plays, toy – toys; |
es -s -s or -es |
hero – heroes, negro – negroes, potato – potatoes; piano – pianos, radio – radios, photo – photos; cargo – cargos or cargoes volcano – volcanos or volcanoes |
-s |
knife – knives, life – lives, shelf – shelves; but: gulf – gulfs, belief – beliefs, chief – chiefs, roof – roofs, safe - safes |
Исключения составляют:
Forms of Plural |
Patterns |
change of the root vowel
no changes
-en |
man – men, goose – geese, foot – feet, woman – women, mouse – mice, tooth – teeth
deer – deer, fish – fish, sheep – sheep, series – series, swine – swine
child – children, ox – oxen, brother - brethren |
Сложные существительные образуют множественное число следующим образом:
Patterns |
onlooker - onlookers postman – postmen
hotel-manager – hotel-managers passer-by – passers-by milk-tooth – milk-teeth
woman-doctor – women-doctors |
Некоторые существительные из латинского и греческого языков сохраняют свои оригинальные формы множественного числа:
analysis - analyses phenomenon - phenomena
crisis - crises radius - radii
criterion - criteria stimulus - stimuli
datum - data medium - media, etc.
Ряд существительных имеют одну и ту же форму для единственного и множественного числа:
deer sheep
pike dozen
swine pair
trout score
salmon species
cod series
Ряд существительных употребляется только во множественном числе:
scissors, pliers, tongs, scales, clothes, tights, shorts, jeans, pants, trousers, spectacles, sunglasses
thanks, riches, wages, means, contents, premises, stairs, sights, resources, goods, supplies, outskirts, activities, feelings, headquarters, movements, terms, expenses
army, community, crew, family, gang, staff, audience, class, data, government, jury, press, team, committee, police
Неисчисляемые существительные в английском языке часто являются исчисляемыми в других языках. В английском языке они согласуются с глаголом в единственном числе и не имеют формы множественного числа.
- food: cheese, coffee, ham, meat, chocolate;
- evidence, information, news, nonsense, permission, progress
absence advice age
agriculture anger atmosphere
baggage beauty behaviour
bread childhood comfort
company concern confidence
countryside courage damage
death democracy depression
design duty earth
education electricity energy
environment equipment evil
evidence existence experience
failure faith fear
flesh food freedom
fun furniture ground
growth hair happiness
health help homework
ice industry information
intelligence justice knowledge
love luck luggage
machinery means money
music nature news
nonsense paper peace
permission poverty pride
progress reality research
rubbish seaside spaghetti
traffic training transport
travel weather work
