14. Answer the following questions.

1. What forced Nicholas II to agree to form a national Duma?

2. What happened at the beginning of the 20^th century in Russia?

3. What do you know about the Duma?

4. How did the Bolsheviks come to power?

5. How did the country develop after the October revolution?

6. Who marked the beginning of new changes in Soviet society?

7. Who was the first president of Russia?

8. What are the branches of the Russian Government?

9. What is the main role of political parties in Russia?

15. Complete the following sentences.

1. (Студенческие беспорядки и крестьянские волнения) forced Nicholas II to agree to form a national Duma.

2. Nicholas II promised that no (законопроект) could become (законом) without the Duma’s (одобрения).

3. Between 1906 and 1917 several Dumas (были избраны и распущены).

4. In 1917 Romanov dynasty (была свергнута) and a democratic (временное правительство) was established.

5. The USSR (превратился в мировую державу) and played a major role in the (поражении) of Germany in World War II.

6. M. Gorbache’s (приход к власти) in 1985 (положил начало) of new changes in our country.

7. B. Yelsin (был избран голосованием) in June 1991.

8. The government consists of 3 branches (исполнительной, законодательной и судебной).

16. Find in the text and read information about.

1. October Manifesto of the Emperor Nicholas II

2. The Dumas in Russia

3. The coming of the Bolsheviks to power

4. The development of the country after the revolution

5. The coming of M. Gorbachev and B. Yelsin to power

6. The branches of the Russian government.

17. Give the short summery of the text.

MOSCOW

1. Practice the pronunciation of the following words and word combination

To produce different goods	research institute
To exhibit	scientific centre
Great scientist	without doubt
Traffic system	the most convenient means of transport
Suburb	principality
Art treasures	In the reign of
Artist	To fell under the yoke
Amid woods and marshes	to admire

2. State a part of speech of following words.

Originally, fortress, prince, invaders, numerous, various, economy, educational, establishment, architectural, monument, suburb, contemporary.

3. Give 3 forms of the following verbs.

To grow, to build, to become, to see, to be, to fall.

4. Read and translate the text a.

MOSCOW

Moscow, with the population of nearly nine million, is spread over a vast area of a thousand square kilometers. Originally, however it was nothing but a small fortress lost amid woods and marshes. Founded in 1147 by Prince Yuri Dolgoruki, Moscow was named after the Moskva River on the bank of which it was built. In the course of time Moscow grew into a real city, which became the center of a principality. During the whole history of Russia Moscow occupied the leading place in the political and cultural life of the Russian people.

In the 13^th century ancient Russ fell under the yoke of the Tatar-Mongol invaders for two hundred years. Only in 1480, in the reign of Grand Duke Ivan III, the foreign yoke was thrown off. In the 15^th century, Moscow became the capital of the Russian state and the largest economic and cultural center of the country.

Nowadays, it is a political, administrative and educational centre of the country. Moscow’s numerous plants and factories produce different goods for the population and various machines for all branches of national economy. Moscow is also a large educational and scientific center. There are many educational establishments of various kinds and research institutes in Moscow. The oldest Russian educational establishment Moscow University is also here. It was founded by M. Lomonosov, a Great Russian scientist of the 18^th century.

Moscow is beautiful. We admire its fine buildings, palaces, architectural monuments, green parks and squares.

The traffic system was also greatly improved. The Moscow underground is without doubt the best in the world. It connects the center of the city with almost all districts and suburbs of Moscow. The underground is the quickest and most convenient means of transport.

Many important events in the history of Russia are connected with the name of Moscow. The Moscow Kremlin is one of the world’s largest collection of historic and art treasures.

The city is famous for its historical monuments, museums, and art galleries. A wonderful collection of world famous pictures by Repin, Levitan, Surikov and other Russian and contemporary artists is exhibited in the Tretjakov Gallery. In the world famous Bolshoi Theatre we can see the best ballet performances and listen to Russian and foreign operas.

5. Match English and Russian equivalents:

lost amid woods and marshes	татаро-монгольские захватчики
a large scientific center	многочисленные заводы Москвы
the best ballet performances	великий русский учёный
various machines	зелёные парки и скверы
many important events	древняя Русь
all districts	ведущее место
a great Russian scientist	связано с именем Москвы
to be named after	лучшее в мире
Moscow’s numerous plants	сбросить иго
Without doubt	быть названным в честь
The leading place	без сомнения
Ancient Rus	русские и современные художники
Green parks and squares	большой научный центр
The best in the world	различные машины
Are connected with the name of Moscow	много важных событий
Tatar-Mongol invaders	лучшие балетные спектакли
Russian and contemporary artists	потерянная среди лесов и болот
To throw off the yoke	все районы