4. Give English equivalents to the following words and word combinations from the text:

Роблячи покупки, першочерговість виробництва, різні товари, морськи держави, гірська держава, корисність, оцінювати, знижатися (3 варіанта), бути доступним, таким чином, цікавитися, корисний, плутати з ч-н, Швейцарія, у мирний час, централізована економіка.

5.Complete the following sentences with words or word combinations from the text:

1. Bananas may … one kind of want. Textbooks … an entirely different need.

2. A product’s … may be very high in a certain part of the world. In a different part of the world its … may be very low.

3. There is a special … between labour and capital.

4. The quality of your product is extremely important. This is what buyers will be more … in.

5. This month our production has … sharply whereas our competitors have … their sales by 10%.

6. Is it true that you are a …? – Yes, that’s true. I don’t eat meat.

7. The economists may study economics in different ….

6. Match a verb from column a with a noun from column b. Then make a sentence for each word partnership.

A B

to satisfy	time, people and nations
to follow	geography
to increase	a want
to rate	the consumer’s stock
to be related to	one’s willingness
to have little interest in	utility

7. Rearrange the words to make up sentences:

1. People / of / a / and / wants / complex / have / wide / range.

2. Different / satisfy / our / in / different / commodities / ways / wants.

3. Utility / the / commodity / determines / consumer / between / relationship / a / a / and.

4. The / of / is / commodity / related / quantity / utility / a / the / the / to / to / available / consumer.

5. The / want / you / you / the / buy / less / more.

6. As / stock / decreases / commodity / commodity / consumer’s / increases / the / a / that / of / of / utility.

8. Finish the following sentences from memory:

1. Commodities of different kinds…

2. ‘Utility’ is the …

3. Utility varies between …

4. Utility determines …

5. In wartime the utility of bombs is …

6. Utility is related to …

7. The utility of a commodity decreases as…

9. Combine these pairs of sentences using although.

EXAMPLE: His satisfaction decreases. The prices remain the same.

1. His satisfaction decreases, although the prices remain the same.

2. Although the prices remain the same, his satisfaction decreases.

1. The individual cannot change the current price. He may want to do so.

2. The utility of the cigarettes has changed. Their quality is the same.

3. He wants to buy that car now. He should wait until he has enough money for both the car and other necessary things.

4. They haven’t done the work yet. It was planned five years ago.

5. Our plant has already started a new scheme. The central authority hasn’t given a permission yet.