III. Проанализируйте следующие названия научных докладов и выберите приемы перевода словосочетаний на английский язык с точки зрения научного стиля.
1.Некоторые итоги анализа информационной инфраструктуры России.
2.Состояние и развитие национальной системы научно-технической информации России.
3.Стратегии развития информационных, вычислительных и телекоммуникационных ресурсов фундаментальной науки.
4.Информационное обеспечение науки и образования.
5.Интеграция информационных ресурсов высшего образования.
6.Специфика создания тематических и фактографических баз данных, проблемно ориентированных на зрелищные искусства.
7.Возрождение искусства иконописи.
8.Опыт обслуживания бизнес-информацией.
9.Создание системы информационного мониторинга проблем экологии.
10.Возможности использования информационного сервиса Интернет.
11.Создание систематического каталога российских ресурсов Интернет.
12.Использование средств и методов "паблик релейшнз" в формировании паблисити и продолжительного имиджа вуза.
13.Вопросы государственного регулирования сферы формирования и использования информационных ресурсов.
14.Городской молодежно-информационный центр как новая информационно-досуговая структура помощи учреждениям образования для опережающего информирования с применением новых технологий.
15.Культура и экология информационной среды.
Практическое задание 9
I. А) Осуществите полный предпереводческий анализ приведенных ниже текстов;
В) Приведите прием транспозиции (перевод текста одного жанра или ФС в другой жанр или ФС) и превратите текст PAPER BRIDGE в сугубо научный текст (на русском языке), а текст FASTER THAN LIGHT сделайте научно-популярным.
PAPER BRIDGE
Have your ever heard of a paper bridge? Everyone connects paper with thin paper. In fact it is a very strong elastic material. To prove it paper makers built a paper bridge across a remote Nevada river and they drove a 12,000 lbs truck across.
The bridge covered a span of 32 feet and was made only of paper and glue. It weighed 9,000 lbs. Engineers calculated that the bridge could take six times the load of 12,000 lbs. The truck could safely drive two and half times further. The ten-foot-wide, four-foot-deep structure was light enough to be laid into place by a helicopter.
FASTER THAN LIGHT
The theoretical forecast made by the physicists on the transparency of particles and their capability to pass through each other has been confirmed on the accelerator of atomic particles in Serpukhov, a town near Moscow. The accelerator made it possible to study the nature of the interrelated nuclear forces between two protons. It appears that they cause the particles to repulse one another, i.e., to act like an electric field. The physicists consider that the Serpukhov accelerator will help them to solve many problems.
http: www.newyorker.com
II. Ознакомьтесь с двумя текстами-инструкциями. Осуществите их предпереводческий анализ.
Текст 1
POWER WINDOW CONTROL UNIT
AQR 200 USER MANUAL
APPLICATION
Controller AQR-200 is intended to control by two electrical motors in one direction.
Controller can operate in either controlled-duration or full travel type.
THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF A POWER WINDOW SWITCH
To activate the window motor it must have +12 V on one of it leads and "ground" on the other in order to operate.
The switch, while at rest, may connect both these wires: to ground, or to +12 V (ignition).
When activated, all type of switches will send +12 V on one wire and ground on the other.
Which wire receives +12 V and which wire receives ground depend on the direction the window will go.
A lot of vehicles reverse polarity of motors by pressing the control buttons without relays, but in some vehicles there is used relays. In this case the AQR-200 must be connected between the relays and motors.
To control the windows by switches and although by security system you need the controller.
CONTROLLER CONTROL
The control input (yellow wire) it needed to connect with car alarm system output, which grounded in arm mode. If the system disarmed, by pressing control buttons it is possible to establish glasses in any position, and when the system is arming the glasses automatically will completely rise.
Текст 2
COMPOUND TIANXIAN CAPSULE PILL
Approved to produce and export by the Ministry of Public
Health of China
(No. 88 — Z — 14)
Jilin Tongua Baishan Medicine Industry Co., Ltd.
Mr. Wang Zhenguo, an Outstanding Expert of China, Director of the Changbai shan Institute of Pharmacology attached to the Jilin Provincial Anti-Cancer Association, who, for his Tianxian Capsule Pill, won the Medal for Merit of Invention, the Medal of Knight and the Medal of General at the Brussels 38th Eureka World Invention Fair in December, 1989.
Property: Bitter brown powder capsulized.
Function: Clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing obstruction and relieving pain, invigorating qi and enriching the blood.
Treatment:
Chiefly for cancer of esophagus and stomach, intestinal cancer and pulmonary cancer, hepatic cancer, urinary cyst cancer, breast carcinoma, if combining with radiotherapy and chemiotherapy, it can raise treatment efficiency.
Dosage: 2—6 pills each time, 3 times daily. Each period of treatment is one month. It may be taken 3 or 7 days after a course of treatment.
Attention:
Specification:
Storage:
Validity:
Manufacturer:
Address:
Tel:
P.C.:
Pregnant women are contraindications. 0.25 g each capsule, and 60 capsules a bottle.
Tightly sealed.
Three years.
Jilin Tongua Baishan Medicine Industry Co., Ltd.
No. 38 Shengli Street Tonghua City, Jilin Province.
(0435) 3618382 3960029 (0435) 3621283 134000
Report for Typical Cases:
Ding, female, 70, was diagnosed as a case of esophagus cancer. Hospital check indicated a 1,2 cm swollen defect in-the upper part of her esophagus. After 20 days of treatment with the drug the tumor in her esophagus disappeared. And after treated for 46 days the focus no longer existed.
Li/male, 54, was diagnosed as a case of ulcer carcinoma of stomach. The focus was 2 by 3 cm in size. Two month after being treated with the drug the nidus was reduced to 1 by 1.5 cm.
Zhang, male, 64, was diagnosed as a case of rectal carcinoid with the focus as big as 2 by 3 cm in size. After 15 days of administration with the medicine, the pain in the abdominal eased up and the frequency of stool reduced
remarkably. Check after 3 months of treatment with the drug showed a half cut of the focus.
4. Zhu, female, 49, a case of small cell carcinoma of lung. The focus in her was 3 by 4 cm in size. Two months's treatment with the drug contracted the lump markedly which disappeared after taking the drug for a year.
Brief Introduction and Direction for Compound Tianxian Capsule Pill
The drug is prepared on the basis of comprehensive study of traditional Chinese literature. It is made with the traditional Chinese herbs produced in the Changbai Mountain in Northeast China's Jilin Province. Clinical studies in some 20 Chinese hospitals and institutes such as the Beijing Guang An Men Hospital under the Academy of the Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Tianjin Institute of medical Science and the U.S. National Cancer Institute proved that the drug is effective for treating cancers, especially cancers of the digestive system.
The studies indicate that 1.2% fully recovered with tumors disappearing completely, 2% have their tumors reduced in size, and 77% are kept from exacerbation and arrest tumor 57.8%.
Studies show that the drug improves immunologic function and protects haematopoietic system. And it has no effect on heart, liver and kidneys even after a long-term administration.
When used together with radio and chemical therapies, the drug reduces the toxic action and other side effects of such therapies and helps the treatment markedly.