Краткий словарь фразовых глаголов

Фразовые глаголы — это такие глаголы, которые меняют свое значение при прибавлении к ним того или иного предлога. Как показывает практика, они трудны для запоминания, однако требуют регулярного заучивания, так как являются неотъемлемой частью английского языка. Далее приведен список наиболее распространенных фразовых глаголов.

be about — 1) собираться что-либо сделать — Не is about to go;

2) делать, заниматься чем-либо — What are you about? I'm about my business;

3) быть поблизости — There's nobody about, you'd better come back later.

be after — искать. «What are you after?» — «Что вы ищете?/Что вам надо?»

be away — уехать, быть в отъезде. She's away on leave at the moment.

be back — возвращаться. «When will he be back?»

be down with — заболеть чем-либо. Our boss is down with flu.

be in — быть в помещении. «Can I speak to Mr. Johnson?» «Sorry, he is not in.»

be into — увлекаться. She's really into stamp collecting.

be like — быть похожим. Не is very much like his father.

be off — быть выключенным. The radio is off.

be off — уходить. «Well, I'm off now. See you tomorrow». I'd better be off before my mother sends out a search party.

be on — быть включенным. The TV is on.

be on — демонстрироваться на экране. «What's on?» «Depeche Mode's concert».

be out (of) — заканчиваться, исчерпывать запасы. «We are out of bread. You have to buy some».

be over — завершаться. The traffic was so bad that by the time we got to the theatre, the concert was almost over.

be through — закончить. «Haven't you finished reading yet?» «Don't worry, I'm nearly through».

be up — подниматься, расти. Profits are up by 90%.

be up to — 1) замышлять что-либо, собираться что-либо сделать — «What are up to?» I'd better go into the children's room and see what they're up to;

2) зависеть от кого-либо. — It's up to you to keep the boy out of trouble.

blow up — взорвать. The terrorists tried to blow up the railroad station.

break down — сломаться. My car broke down so I took it to the garage.

break into — вломиться. Burglars broke into my house last night and stole all my jewellery.

break out — вспыхнуть, разразиться (о войне, пожарах). World War II broke out in 1939.

break up — распускать, расходиться, прервать работу. School is going to break up for Christmas on the 22^nd of December.

call on — посещать кого-либо официально. The salesman calls on the firm twice a month.

catch on — становиться модным. Popular songs seem to catch on in California first and then spread eastward.

come across — случайно встретить кого-либо. I came across an old school friend while I was doing my shopping today.

come along — идти, спешить. I want you to come along (with us), or you'll miss the bus.

come back — возвращаться. My sister came back home from university last week.

come in — входить. They tried to come in through the back door, but it was locked.

come into — получать в наследство. Robert came into a lot of money when her aunt died.

come off — удаляться, отвалиться, падать с чего-либо, сходить (о пятне). The button has come off my coat.

come on — «Продолжайте!», спешить, расти, появляться, налететь. Come on or will be late.

come over — исправляться, изменяться. The children promised to come over, but they never do.

come round — навестить. You should come round for dinner one evening.

come to — прийти в себя, очнуться. Не was hit on the head very hard, but after several minutes, he started to come to again.

cut down (on the money) — урезать (расходы). We tried to cut down on the money we were spending on entertainment.

do without — обходиться. I can't do without my watch.

drop out of — вылететь (из учебного заведения). «My brother dropped out of school before he could graduate».

eat out — питаться в ресторане, кафе. When we visited Paris, we loved eating out in the sidewalk cafes.

fill in — заполнять, расширять. Fill in this application form and mail it in.

fill up — наполнять, набивать. She filled up the grocery cart with free food.

find fault (with sb) — критиковать. She's unpleasant. She always finds fault with people.

find out — узнать, обнаружить. My sister found out that her husband had been planning a surprise party for her.

You can't trust him until you find everything out.

get along — ладить, уходить, стареть. They get along (well) together. Grandfather is getting along and doesn't see too well any more. I think I'll be getting along now, I want to be home quite early.

get by — сводить концы с концами, устраиваться. Uncle Jack didn't have much money, but he always seemed to get by without borrowing money from relatives.

get off — слезать, сойти (о поезде, автобусе и т. п.). I am getting off at the next station (stop).

get on — преуспевать, жить, идти (о делах). How is he getting on? — Как у него дела?

get over — оправиться, перейти, пережить что-либо. It was too hard for her to get over that illness.

get rid of — избавиться, отделаться. The citizens tried to get rid of their corrupt mayor in the recent election.

get through with — закончить (работу), справиться с чем-либо, выдержать. When will you ever get through with that program?

get together — собираться, встречаться. Let's get together.

get up — вставать, подниматься. Grandmother tried to get up, but she failed to make it on her own. give away — упускать, выдавать, тратить. The filling station was giving away free gas.

give back — возвращать, отдавать. My brother borrowed my car. I have a feeling he is not going to give it back.

give in — уступать, сдаваться. The two boys fought until one gave in.

give out — издавать, распределять, выпускать. Give out the textbooks.

give up — оставить, отказаться, бросить. You should give up smoking.

go back — возвращаться. It's hard to imagine that we will ever go back to Africa.

go off — 1) выключиться. The light went off and the film began; 2) зазвонить (о будильнике). The alarm-clock went off;

3. взорваться. The bomb went off.

go on — 1) продолжать что-либо. We would finish one Dickens novel and then just go on to the next;

2) происходить. The cops heard all the noise and stopped to see what was going on.

go over — повторять, переходить, изучать в деталях. The students went over the material before the exam.

go without — обходиться без чего-либо. I can easily go without it for a month.

grow up — расти, становиться взрослым. Charles grew up to be a lot like his father.

hand in — вручать, подавать, сдавать. The students handed in their papers and left the room.

hold up — поддерживать, останавливать, задерживать. I hate to hold up the meeting, but I have to go to the bathroom.

keep away — избегать, держаться подальше. The judge warned the suspect to keep away from his victim's home.

keep on (doing sth) — продолжать делать что-либо. He tried to keep on singing long after his voice was ruined.

left out — пропустить. You left out the part about the police.

look after — заботиться. Mary looks after our children while we're at work.

look at — смотреть, рассматривать. Look at this picture, please.

look down — смотреть свысока, презирать. Nobody likes her. She looks down on people.

look for — искать. Lily is looking for a new house.

look forward to — ждать с нетерпением. Molly is looking forward to her sister's wedding.

look in — 1) заглянуть к кому-либо. We were going to look in on my brother; 2) смотреть (в глаза). Look in my eyes!

look into — заглядывать, исследовать. The police will look into the possibilities of embezzlement.

look out — 1) «Берегись!»; 2) выглядывать откуда-либо. He is looking out (of the window).

look out for — подыскивать, присматривать. Mary is looking out for a new husband.

look over — просматривать. The lawyers looked over the papers carefully.

look up — отыскивать (в книге, в справочнике). I don't remember her phone number — let me look it up.

make out — разобрать, различить, понять. We really couldn't make out what he was saying.

make up — сочинить, придумать. She made up a story about going to the movies with her friends.

pick up — поднимать. The crane picked up the entire house.

point out — указывать на что-либо. As we drove through Paris, Francoise pointed out the major historical sites.

put aside — откладывать в сторону. Close the books and put them aside.

put away — убирать, прятать, избавляться. I'll just put the car away.

put down — записывать. Put down all the words that are on the board.

put off — откладывать. Jane put off the meeting until the following week.

put on — надевать. She put her hat and coat on.

put out — погасить, потушить. Don't forget to put out the candles before you go to bed.

put up with — примириться с чем-либо. She couldn't put up with his behaviour.

run across — подвезти кого-либо, случайно встретить кого-либо. I ran across my old friend at the college.

run after — 1) преследовать, бежать за кем-либо. Run after your father, he's forgotten his hat;

2) бегать, ухаживать за кем-либо. All the girls are running after the attractive new student.

run into sb — случайно встретить кого-либо. Guess what! I ran into Dave yesterday.

run out of — закончиться, исчерпать запасы. While we were driving to New York, the car ran out of petrol.

run over — переехать, задавить кого-либо. А car almost ran over my dog.

show off — рисоваться, похваляться, хвастаться. Whenever he sat down at the piano, we knew he was going to show off. show up — прийти, появиться. Day after day, Efrain showed up for class twenty minutes late.

take after — быть похожим. Kate really takes after her sister.

take away — брать с собой, покупать (еду). «I'd like to take my pizza away».

take back — брать назад (слова). «I've changed my mind. I take it back».

take care of — заботиться. My oldest sister took care of us after Mom died.

take down — записывать. These are your instructions. Take them down before you forget.

take for — принимать за кого-либо. «What do you take me for?» — За кого ты меня принимаешь?

take in — сдавать (комнаты жильцам). She makes a lot of money by taking in lodgers in summer.

take off — подняться в воздух. The plane will be taking off in ten minutes.

take over — взять на себя ответственность за что-либо. When his father retired Tony took over the business from him.

take to — полюбить кого-либо. Those two young people took to each other at first sight.

take up — заняться чем-нибудь новым. Ann took up jogging in her spare time.

talk back — возражать. The star player talked back to the coach.

talk over — обсуждать. We have serious problems here. Let's talk them over like adults.

think back — помнить, вспоминать. I often think back on my childhood with great pleasure.

throw away — выбрасывать. That's a lot of money! Don't just throw it away.

to do over — переделывать. You have to do this paint job over.

try on — примерять. She tried on fifteen dresses before she found the one she liked.

turn down — отказать, отклонить. She turned down the invitation.

turn into — превратить, превращаться. The magician made the horse turn into an elephant.

turn off — выключать. I turned off the light. turn on — включать. Peter, could you turn on the light.

turn up — прибывать, приходить, появиться. We waited for hours, but she never turned up.

wake up — проснуться. I woke up when the rooster crowed.