ancestor – предок

descendant – нащадок

family bonds – сімейні зв’язки/узи

relative – родич/родичка close relative – близький родич distant relative – далекий родич to be related to – бути родичами з kin – родичі, рідня, походження (form) lineage – родовід/походження/рід sibling – рідний брат/сестра (form) pedigree – родовід, походження

nuclear family – сім’я, яка складається з обох батьків та дітей one-parent family – неповна сім’я, в якій є лише один з батьків extended family – сім’я, що складається з багатьох родичів to marry/get married – одружуватися to be married (to) – бути одруженим

marriage – шлюб civil marriage – цивільний шлюб engagement – заручини religious marriage – вінчання bride – наречена

wedding – весілля marriage certificate – свідоцтво про шлюб fiancé – наречений fiancée – наречена bridegroom – наречений/жених

marriage of convenience – шлюб по розрахунку sham marriage – фіктивний шлюб widow – вдовиця widower – вдівець heritage – спадщина spouse – чоловік/дружина spouses / (married) couple – подружжя orphan – сирота adopted child – всиновлена дитина illegitimate – незаконнонароджений stepfather – вітчим stepmother – мачуха stepson – пасинок stepdaughter – падчерка stepbrother – зведений брат stepsister – зведена сестра godson – хрещеник goddaughter – хрещениця grandson – онук grandmother – бабуся great-grandfather – прадід grandparents – дідусь і бабуся grandchildren – онуки

divorce – розлучення to be divorced – бути розлученим divorcee – розлучений чоловік/жінка single – неодружений/неодружена bachelor – холостяк husband & wife – чоловік та дружина brother-in-law – зять (чоловік сестри); шурин (брат жінки); свояк (чоловік своячки); дівер (брат чоловіка) sister-in-law – невістка (дружина брата); зовиця (сестра чоловіка); своячка (сестра жінки) father-in-law – свекор (батько чоловіка); тесть (батько жінки) mother-in-law – теща (мати жінки); свекруха (мати чоловіка) twin – близнюк godfather – хрещений батько godmother – хрещена мати uncle - дядько aunt – тітка nephew – племінник/небіж niece – племінниця/небога cousin – двоюрідний брат/сестра

In British English you

can use family with a singular

or plural verb: The family now

lives/live in London.

In American English always use

a singular verb: The family

lives in California.

Dad, daddy, pop are names you can call your father:

Pop & I went for a

walk along the

beach.

Mummy (Br) / Mommy (Am) is a name for your mother used especially by young children or when you are talking to young children:

Ben, is your mommy coming to the Christmas concert?

Slang & Idiomatic Expressions:

How's the/your family? – Як ви поживаєте? / Як твоя сім’я? it runs in the/one’s family – це є спадковим/традицією в нашій сім’ї

in the family

(in the) family circle – у сімейному колі (all) in the family – (тримати/залишати щось) у сім‘ї; лише у сімейному колі

family that prays together stays together (literary) – сім’я, що молиться разом, залишається кріпкою They are courting (form) / They’re dating / They’re an item / They’re going out (inf) – вони зустрічаються like one of the family – як член нашої сім’ї (говорячи не про родича) He’s like one of our family

my better half / my darling spouse (form) – моя дружина/половина the other half / the missus (inf) – моя дружина “He’s / She’s / They’re family” (inf) – Він/вона/вони – родина/”свої люди” (для підкреслення тісного зв’язку) to be the head of the family – бути головою сім’ї Chinese head of the family

to be in a/the family way (inf + old-fashioned) – бути вагітною I received a ‘Dear John’ letter (form) / We broke up (inf) – Ми розійшлися, припинили стосунки She wears trousers in the relationship / He’s under the thumb (inf) / He’s under the heel of hers (literary) – він в сім’ї у неї “під каблуком”

black sheep of the family – “паршива” вівця у сім’ї He has a mistress / He is seeing another woman (form) – У нього є коханка He’s having an affair / He’s got a bit on the side (inf) – У нього є хтось на стороні / коханка She dumped me (inf) – Вона мене покинула/ Кинула Like father, like son – який батько, такий і син

****************************************************************************

It’s quite natural to wonder where you came from and to question who your ancestors might have been. Our ancestral lineage reaches back through the centuries and possibly across the seas and over continents. There is no doubt that our relatives participated in Women’s Suffrage, the World Wars, and even the Industrial Revolution. The wonderful thing about a genealogical search is that it can reveal exactly what part, if any, our families played in those historical milestones. Perhaps it was a major one, perhaps a minor role. Whatever their involvement, the research we undertake will involve us personally in reliving those eras while discovering new and exciting facts about our family. But just how do we begin this epic adventure?

Like any worthwhile and labour intensive exercise, getting started is the hardest part of a genealogical search. But it’s amazingly easy, and once you begin, the momentum you develop with the help of this manual will propel you onwards. The first step in beginning a family tree is to simply write down your name, your birth date and your place of birth on a sheet of paper. Voila, your genealogical search has begun! Wasn’t that easy? I told you so! It’s really that simple, but of course, it won’t always be. You’ve written down facts about yourself that are common knowledge and easy to come by. In doing so you have begun compiling your family history.

Building a Family Tree and Recording a Family History is NOT the Same Thing. Though the two are interdependent, it’s important to know the difference. While you can’t build a family tree without knowing some family history, certain details are not required for the family tree to grow. To establish a family tree, all the information you’ll need are the names of the family members to be included in the tree, their birth dates and places, death dates and places and marriage dates and places if applicable. This is what you see commonly displayed in “tree” form and is also known as an Ancestral or Pedigree chart.

Though the construction of the Family Tree is an important aspect of genealogy, researching and recording your family history is genealogy. In compiling your family history, you’re accumulating all the information you’ll need to develop your family tree. You’ll record all of this information in what is known as a family group record. This is your most important file in your genealogical search, and will contain all of the information you gather on every member of your family. Your family group record will be the basis of your genealogical search, and forming it is the best way to begin.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

A 1. Read & translate the text. 2. Answer the following questions: H ave you ever wondered about the genealogy of your family? What is the best way to begin the genealogical search? What is the difference between building a family tree and recording a family history? ************************************ B Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following: 1. ancestral lineage 2. no doubt 3. Women’s Suffrage 4. if any		5. undertake 6. worthwhile 7. momentum 8. propel 9. come by 10. compiling 11. interdependent 12. applicable *********************************** C Match the words and their definitions: 1. family 2. extended family 3. one-parent family 4. parents 5. child a a woman who becomes your mother when your father marries for a second time b someone who is closely related to you c a group of people who are related to each other
6. boy 7. girl 8. close relative 9. distant relative 10. mother-in-law 11. sister-in-law 12. stepmother	d a young person from the time he/she is born until he/she is about 14 or 15 e the sister of your wife or husband f a family in which there is only one parent g someone’s mother and father h someone who is not closely		related to you i male child j a family including cousins, grandparents etc k the mother of your wife or your husband l a female child

D Create your own Family Tree & so your family history record:

*************************************************************************

The English are a nation of stay-at-home. "There is no place like home," they say. And when the man is not working he is at home in the company of his wife and children and busies himself with the affairs of the home. "The Englishman's home is his castle," is a saying known all over the world. And it is true.

A "typical" British family used to consist of mother, father and two children, but in recent years there have been many changes in family life. Some of these have been caused by new laws and others are the result of changes in society. For example, since the law made it easier to get a divorce, the number of divorces has increased. In fact one marriage in every three now ends in divorce. This means that there are a lot of one-parent families. Society is now more tolerant than it used to be of unmarried people, unmarried couples and single parents.

A nother change has been caused by the fact that people are living longer nowadays, and many old people live alone following the death of their partners. As a result of these changes in the pattern of people's lives, there are many households which consist of only one person or one person and children.

You might think that marriage and the family are not so popular as they once were. However, the majority of divorced people marry again, and they sometimes take responsibility for a second family.

Members of a family – grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins – keep in touch, but they see less of each other than they used to. This is because people often move away from their home town to work, and so the family becomes scattered. Christmas is the traditional season for reunions. Although the family group is smaller nowadays than it used to be, relatives often travel many miles in order to spend the holiday together.

In general, each generation is keen to become independent of parents in establishing its own family unit, and this fact can lead to social as well as geographical differences within the larger family group.

Relationships within the family are different now. Parents treat their children more as equals than they used to, and children have more freedom to make their own decisions. The father is more involved with bringing up children, often because the mother goes out to work. Increased leisure facilities and more money mean that there are greater opportunities outside the home. Although the family holiday is still an important part of family life (usually taken in August, and often abroad) many children have holidays away from their parents, often with a school party or other organized group.

Who looks after the older generation? There are about 10 million old-age pensioners in Britain, of whom about 750,000 cannot live entirely independently. The government gives financial help in the form of a pension but in the future it will be more and more difficult for the nation economy to support the increasing number of elderly. At the present time, more than half of all old people are looked after at home. Many others live in Old Peoples' Homes, which may be private or state owned.

.....................................................................................................................................

1. A 1. Read & translate the text. 2. Answer the following questions: C ompare the family life in Britain and Ukraine: what is different? What kind of help do our families get from the government? Imagine British & Ukrainian family. Can we associate them with each other? *********************************** B Find the synonyms of these words in t he text: 1) homebody 6) answerability 2) family 7) education 3) wishful 8) so that 4) completely 9) get along with 5) abiding 10) separated

11) to maintain contact 12) example ************************************ C Match the words: 1 . make 2. each 3. look 4. away 5. home a. other b. after c. a decision d. town e. from ************************************ D Check up your memory. Fill in the text with the English equivalents of the Ukrainian words: A “typical” британська ….. сім’я ..… складається ….. of a матері .…, a батька ……. and two дітей ……., but in recent years

there have been many changes у сімейному житті …….. For example, since the law made it easier to розлучатися ……, the кількість …… of розлучень …… has increased. In fact, one одруження …… in three now ends in divorce. This means that there are a lot of one-parent сімей …….

Члени родини ……… – дідусі і бабусі ……, тітки ……, дядьки ……, двоюрідні брати та сестри …… – keep in touch, but they see less of each other than they used to. This is because people often від’їжджають …… from their home town to work.

Відносини …… within the family are інші ….. now. Parents виховують дітей ………….. more as equals than they used to, and діти …… have more freedom to вирішувати ……. But still, the English are a нація …… of stay-at-homes. “Ніде так не гарно як вдома ………………..”, they say. And when the man is not working he is at home in the company of his дружини …… and дітей ……. and busies himself with the affairs of the home. “Мій дім – моя фортеця ……………..”, is a saying known all over the world. And it is true.

***************************************************************************

It is so important to have traditions. They are part of the glue that holds families together. Traditions are beneficial in several ways. First, they give children and even teens a sense of security. They know that in an uncertain world, some things stay the same. Traditions also foster closeness in the immediate and extended family. Lasting memories are

formed, and hopefully our children will continue the customs in their own homes and make more of their own. Here are some suggestions for creating some family traditions. None are hard to do. These have worked over the years for our family:

S UNDAY DINNER

We started this when my first son was a baby. My mother, sister and brother-in-law, my husband, sons, and I get together for a carry-in dinner every Sunday. We take turns hosting the dinner at our houses. Whoever makes the main dish has the dinner at their house. After my dad died, this was especially meaningful to my mother. It gives us all something for which to look forward.

F RIDAY NIGHT MOVIE & PIZZA

E very Friday night my family and my husband's brother get together for a movie. Usually we have pizza for supper on Friday because it is the end of a tiring work week. I can either throw one in the oven or call in one to be delivered. We have watched some really good movies and some we tried were not as good as they were advertised to be. However, we get a kick out of my 86 year old mother watching these wild action movies that all the guys like! She's interested, too!.

GAME NIGHT

This is one thing that we tried to do when the boys were younger. It was a little harder to keep up with, because of extra-curricular activities and homework. It is nice to set aside one evening of the week, maybe Wednesday, and have everyone sit at the kitchen table and play board games.

R EADING TOGETHER

B eing a teacher, I have read to my children since they were just a few months old. My husband and I memorized Dr. Seuss's "ABC" book! Then as the boys got older, we got into action books and mysteries. I enjoyed them as much as the kids did. It was a nice, calm way to end the day and get settled for bed.

NIGHTLY DEVOTIONS & PRAYER

From the time the boys were young, I tried to establish the importance of regular Bible reading and prayer. When they were small, we read short Bible stories and had short prayers. Even now, as teens, we read the Bible and pray over any issues in their lives.